微波與毫米波相位陣列收發積體電路之研製

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姓名

洪芮妘(Ruei-Yun Hung) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

電機工程學系

論文名稱

微波與毫米波相位陣列收發積體電路之研製
(Design of Microwave and Millimeter-wave Phase Array Transceiver Integrated Circuits)

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摘要(中)

本論文主要在於設計與研究微波及毫米波相位陣列收發積體電路。第一部份為槽孔天線及振盪器之設計。由於操作頻率提高，其基板所造成的損耗就會越大，藉由將天線與振盪器整合於同一晶片，使振盪器與天線相連接降低訊號損失，可增加天線的有效輻射強度。就整體而言，可降低損耗並縮小面積。第二部份為線性化放大器之設計。電晶體非線性效應主要來自三階非線性轉導(gm3)及閘極-源極電容(Cgs)，藉由基底至源極的偏壓大小改變三階非線性轉導的位置，將兩顆具有正負三階非線性轉導峰值的電晶體並聯，消除三階非線性轉導。應用於放大器設計，其三階截斷點(IIP3)改善約6 dB，進而降低訊號失真並改善通訊品質。最後是相位陣列接收機之設計，其電路由放大器與正交調變器所構成，並藉由調整正交調變器的偏壓改變輸出訊號的相位，以達到相位陣列之需求。而此相位陣列接收機的架構易於拓展，其可利用功率結合器(Wilkinson combiner)將電路設計為4×1或8×1的相位陣列接收機。

摘要(英)

In this thesis, the microwave and millimeter-wave (MMW) phase array transceiver integrated circuits are presented. First, the design of a slot antenna and a voltage controlled oscillator are proposed using a MMIC technology. The substrate loss is more and more high when the operation frequency is high. To enhance the radiation efficiency of the MMW transmitter, an antenna can be further integrated in the MMIC chip, and also the chip size and the loss are both reduced. Second, a 24-GHz amplifier by using a third-order transconductance (gm3) cancellation technique is presented. The linearity effect of the CMOS device is generally degraded by the gm3 and the gate-to-source capacitor. The characteristic of the gm3 can be adjusted by appling a dc bias to the bulk of the device. The cancellation of gm3 can be achived combining a negative peak gm3 transistor in parallel with a positive peak gm3 transistor. The measured input third-order intercept point (IIP3) is improved over 6 dB. Therefore, the distortion and the communication quality can be both improved. Finally, a phase array receiver, including a low noise amplifier and an IQ modulator, is proposed for the MMW applications. The phase can be controlled by adjusting the bias of the IQ modulator. The topology of the 2×1 receiver can be further extended to 4×1 or 8×1 phase array receiver with a Wilkinson power combiner.

關鍵字(中)

★ 相位陣列
★ 振盪器

關鍵字(英)

★ phase array
★ oscillator

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 v
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 xiii
第一章緒論 1
1.1研究動機與方向 1
1.2相關研究發展與背景 2
1.3論文架構 3
第二章 86-92 GHz頻率鍵控發射機 4
2.1簡介 4
2.2推推振盪器設計 5
2.2.1振盪器概念簡介 5
振盪器基本原理 5
推推振盪器原理 7
鍵控頻移原理 8
2.2.2推推振盪器設計 9
2.2.3推推振盪器模擬與量測結果 12
2.2.4結果與討論 17
2.3 W頻段槽孔天線 21
2.3.1天線簡介 21
反射損耗(Return Loss)及頻寬(Bandwidth) 22
輻射場型(Radiation Pattern)及方向性(Directivity) 22
增益(Gain) 22
2.3.2天線設計 23
2.3.3天線模擬與量測結果 33
2.3.4結果與討論 38
2.4整合天線與振盪器之發射機 38
2.4.1發射機模擬與量測結果 38
2.4.2結果與討論 42
第三章線性化放大器 47
3.1 線性化放大器相關概念介紹 48
3.1.1雜訊 48
雜訊指數 48
3.1.2非線性效應 49
增益壓縮 50
交互調變失真 51
三階截斷點 52
串接三階截斷點 53
多音交互調變比例 53
鄰近通道功率比例 54
3.1.3常見的線性改善技術 55
電晶體線性改善方法 55
電路線性改善方法 58
3.2 0.18-?m金氧半場效電晶體24 GHz線性化放大器 60
3.2.1三階項轉導消除技術 60
3.2.2線性化放大器電路設計 62
3.2.3線性化放大器模擬與量測結果 63
3.2.4結果與討論 69
3.3 0.18-?m金氧半場效電晶體24 GHz加大閘極-源極偏壓範圍線性化放大器 71
3.3.1加大閘極-源極偏壓範圍的三階項轉導消除技術 71
3.3.2線性化放大器電路設計 72
3.3.3線性化放大器模擬與量測結果 73
3.3.4結果與討論 81
第四章相位陣列接收機 83
4.1相位陣列原理 83
4.2串接放大器 87
4.2.1放大器 87
4.2.2整合於相位陣列之放大器 92
4.2.3結果與討論 95
4.3正交調變器 99
4.3.1正交調變器操作與設計原理 99
4.3.2整合於相位陣列之正交調變器 102
4.3.3結果與討論 106
4.4單路相位陣列 106
4.4.1單路相位陣列設計與簡介 106
4.4.2單路相位陣列模擬與量測結果 107
4.4.3結果與討論 113
4.5雙路相位陣列 113
4.5.1雙路相位陣列設計 113
4.5.2雙路相位陣列模擬結果 114
4.5.3結果與討論 119
第五章結論 121
參考文獻 123

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指導教授

張鴻埜(Hong-yeh Chang)

審核日期

2009-7-21

推文