應用衛星資料及地理資訊系統在印尼BALURAN國家公園野生牛棲息地之測繪

以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

、勘誤回報

、線上人數：36

、訪客IP：3.142.171.180

姓名

魏凱芳(Khanty Widayanti) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

遙測科技碩士學位學程

論文名稱

應用衛星資料及地理資訊系統在印尼BALURAN國家公園野生牛棲息地之測繪
(MAPPING HABITAT SUITABILITY OF BANTENG (BOS JAVANICUS) USING SATELLITE IMAGERY AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS AT BALURAN NATIONAL PARK, INDONESIA)

相關論文

★ 應用經驗模態分解法在福衛五號遙測照像儀之相對輻射校正	★ 福爾摩沙衛星五號遙測儀之在軌絕對輻射校正
★ 利用MISR衛星資料反演陸地區域氣膠光學厚度和地表反射率	★ 衛星資料在臺灣地區西南氣流降雨估算之應用
★ 結合MODIS與MISR觀測資料在氣膠單次散射反照率反演之應用	★ 結合衛星資料與建物資訊解析台北市空間發展與都市熱島效應之鏈結
★ Landsat-7衛星資料反演都市大氣氣膠光學厚度之研究與應用	★ 對數常態分布在氣膠消光係數廓線擬合之應用
★ 氣膠光學厚度與懸浮微粒濃度關係之探討及其在衛星觀測之應用	★ 地球同步衛星（Himawari-8）在逐時大氣氣膠光學厚度之反演與分析
★ 同時輻射率定法在向日葵八號氣膠光學厚度反演之應用	★ 應用Landsat衛星影像探討越南河內都市化所致土地利用改變在都市熱島效應強度之影響
★ 結合衛星與地面觀測資料在台中地區能見度與氣膠參數變化之分析	★ 福爾摩沙衛星五號遙測儀升空前後等化係數之率定
★ 應用氣膠種類與垂直分布建立衛星氣膠光學厚度和PM濃度之關係	★ 應用地面測站及衛星觀測之氣膠光學厚度估算越南河內地區PM2.5

檔案

[Endnote RIS 格式]

[Bibtex 格式]

[相關文章]

[文章引用]

[完整記錄]

[館藏目錄]

[檢視]

[下載]

本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的，進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定，切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送，以免觸法。

摘要(中)

對於保護瀕臨絕種的動植物而言，瞭解其生態環境所需之各項條件是非常重要的，但通常這類物種的棲息地區是很難以地面調查的方式進行探勘。目前較可行的方式為利用衛星觀測資料，結合地理資訊系統的分析，完成物種棲息地生態環境之測繪和監測。
因此，本研究的主要目標即為利用衛星觀測資料(Landsat ETM+ 7及ASTER)所提供之地形及環境等參數，建立適合棲息的指標，探討印尼Baluran國家公園適合瀕臨絕種的野生牛(Banteng)棲息地區之生態環境參數，期能提供其保護區相關規劃之參考。本文所探討的生態參數包括地表覆蓋種類、植生指數 (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; NDVI)及土壤水氣含量 (Soil Moisture Index; SMI)，而地形參數則為坡度及坡向。在各參數的分析，則將配合現場調查野生牛棲息的分布地區，透過地理資訊系統之分析，進行各項參數之評分與加權，最後將整合各參數並建立一適合野生牛(Banteng)棲息地區的評估指標- HSI (Habitat Suitability Index)。
研究結果顯示，最適合評估Baluran國家公園野生牛棲息地區的權重組合為生態參數權重0.75及地形參數權重0.25。此外，Baluran國家公園極適合野生牛的棲息地區約佔18.5 %，合適的地區約佔23.8 %，主要分佈於Baluran國家公園的東南方和西南方地區，極適合規劃為野生牛(Banteng)的保護地區，而低適合度和完全不適合的區域分別約為20.1 %及19.11 %，大都分佈於Baluran國家公園的北方。

摘要(英)

The knowledge of ecological requirements and distributions of endangered species is a primary prerequisite to identify potential habitat for the species. But the potential habitat sites are usually difficult to access thus hard to investigate by traditional ground survey. With the capability of remotely sensed observations for wide area, satellite imagery combined with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) seems to be the best means for mapping and monitoring biodiversity at present.
The main aim of this study is to develop habitat suitability index (HSI) of banteng at Baluran National Park (BNP) based on biologic and topographic variable that were derived from remote sensing imagery data. The biologic variables consist of three sub variables; land cover map, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) map and Soil Moisture Index (SMI) map, which are derived from Landsat ETM+ 7. The topographic variables consist of elevation and slope map of the study area which are derived from ASTER GDEM.
Analysis of banteng habitat suitability was conducted spatially using scoring, weighting and overlaying methods. Each layer of habitat variable/sub-variable was grouped into five classes and scored based on the habitat selection of banteng, with the highest score represent the area with very high suitability and lowest score represent unsuitable area for banteng. The calculation of weight value is done using the extension tool of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in ArcGIS 9.2 software. The Saaty’s pair-wise comparisons were applied for each habitat variable/sub-variable compared with the others to calculate the weight value of each habitat variable/sub- variable. The layer of biologic variable was produced with combination of weight value of 0.32 for land cover type, 0.12 for NDVI map and 0.56 for SMI map. The topographic variable was produced using elevation and slope map with 0.5 of weight value for each layer respectively. The final result of this study is HSI of banteng, which is calculated using weight value of 0.75 for biology variable and 0.25 for topographic variable. These biologic and topographic variables were superimposed to get a layer of banteng habitat suitability index.
The result shows that only 18.5% of BNP area which is very high suitable for banteng and 23.8% of BNP area is high suitable. 19.1% and 20. 1% of BNP areas were classified as unsuitable and low suitable area for banteng habitat. Based on the HSI map of banteng at BNP, most suitable area for banteng are located at southeast and southwest part of BNP, especially at Bitakol, Bama and Perengan Resorts and most of unsuitable area for banteng is located on north part of BNP.

關鍵字(中)

★ 棲息地
★ 地理資訊系統
★ 衛星影像
★ 野生牛(Banteng)

關鍵字(英)

★ Bos javanicus
★ Satellite Imagery
★ Banteng
★ Geographic Information Systems
★ Habitat Suitability

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract ii
Acknowledgments iv
Table of Content vi
List of Figures ix
List of Tables xi
1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1. Background 1
1.2. Motivation 3
1.3. Objectives 4
1.4. Scope and limitations 4
2. LITERATURE REVIEW 6
2.1. General Description of The Banteng (Bos javanicus) 6
2.1.1. Habitat Requirements and Behavior of Banteng 7
2.1.2. Population and Distribution of Banteng 9
2.2. Baluran National Park 10
2.2.1. General Description of Baluran National Park 10
2.2.2. Baluran National Park as Habitat of Banteng 11
2.3. Habitat Suitability Model 14
2.3.1. Habitat Suitability Index 15
2.3.2. The Analytical Hierarchy Process 16
2.4. Remote Sensing Systems 19
2.5. Geographic Information Systems 21
3. MATERIALS AND METHODS 23
3.1. Study Area 23
3.2. Data Collections and Processing 24
3.2.1. Working Map of BNP 24
3.2.2. Banteng Observation 25
3.2.3. Remote Sensing Imagery Data Sets 25
3.2.3.1. The Landsat ETM+ 7 25
3.2.3.2. The ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model (GDEM) 27
3.2.4. Habitat Suitability Variables 28
3.2.4.1. Biologic Variables 31
1) Land Cover Map 33
2) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index 37
3) Soil Moisture Index 38
3.2.4.2. Topographic Variables 41
1) Slope and Elevation 41
3.3. Habitat Suitability Model 41
3.3.1. Calculation of Score Value 42
3.3.2. Calculation of Weight Value 45
3.4. Sensitivity Analysis 47
4. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS 48
4.1. Habitat Variables and Habitat Selections 48
4.1.1. Biologic Variable 48
4.1.1.1. Land Cover Map 48
4.1.1.2. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index Map 52
4.1.1.3. Soil Moisture Index Map 54
4.1.1.4. Suitability Index of Biologic Variable 55
4.1.2. Topographic Variable 58
4.1.2.1. Elevation Map 58
4.1.2.2. Slope Map 59
4.1.2.3. Suitability Index of Topographic Variable 61
4.2. Habitat Suitability of Banteng 63
4.3. Sensitivity Analysis 70
5. DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS 73
APPENDIX 81

參考文獻

Arinal, I. 2008. Pengelolaan Banteng (Bos Javanicus) di Taman Nasional Baluran. Departemen Kehutanan, Direktorat Jenderal Perlindungan Hutan dan Konservasi Alam, Indonesia.
Alikodra, H. S., Palete,R. 1980. Potensi Makanan Banteng (Bos Javanicus) di Cagar Alam Ujung Kulon. In Arinal, I. 2008. Pengelolaan Banteng (Bos Javanicus) di Taman Nasional Baluran. Departemen Kehutanan, Direktorat Jenderal Perlindungan Hutan dan Konservasi Alam, Indonesia.
Balai Taman Nasional Baluran. 2007. Taman Nasional Baluran “Secuil Afrika di Jawa” (Sekilas Potensi Wisata Taman Nasional Baluran). Balai Taman Nasional Baluran.
Baluran National Park. 2009. Baluran National Park. Assessed on January 11, 2009 at
http://www.balurannationalpark.web.id.
Bier, P. Majka, D., Jenness, J. 2007. Conceptual Steps for Designing Wildlife Corridors. Downloaded on March 10, 2010 at http://corridordesign.org.
Canada Centre for Remote Sensing. 2005. Geographic Information System. Natural Resources of Canada. Assessed on May 4, 2009 at
http://www.ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/glossary/index_e.php?id=1430.
_____. 1998. Fundamental of Remote Sensing. Natural Resources of Canada.
Chang, K.T. 2008. Introduction to Geographic Information Systems. Fourth Edition. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. New York.
Chen, Y., Yu, J., Shahbaz, K., Xevi, E. 2009. A GIS-Based Sensitivity Analysis of Multi-Criteria Weights. 18th World IMACS/MODSIM Congress. Cairs, Australia 13-17 July 2009.
Duc, T.T. 2006. Using GIS and AHP Technique for Land-use Suitability Analysis. International Symposium on Geoinformatics for Spatial Infrastructure Development in Earth and Allied Sciences.
Duda, R. O., Hart, P. E., Stork, D. G. 2001. Pattern Classification. In: Jensen, J. R. 2005. Introductory Digital Image Processing: A Remote Sensing Perspective. Third Edition. Pearson Prentice Hall. United State of America.
Debeljak, et al. 2001. Habitat suitability modelling for Red Deer (Cerus elaphus L.) in South-central Slovenia with Classification trees. Elsevier Science. Ecological Modelling, 138: 321-330.
ERSDAC. 2009. ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model (GDEM). Assessed on June 2, 2010 at http://www.ersdac.or.jp/GDEM/E/4.html.
Foote, K. E and Lynch, M. 1999. Geographic Information Systems as an Integrating Technology: Context, Concepts, and Definitions. The Geographer's Craft Project, Department of Geography, University of Texas at Austin.
Franklin, S. E. 2001. Remote Sensing for Sustainable Forest Management. Lewis Publishers. United States of America.
Geobase. 2008. Landsat 7 Orthorectified Imagery over Canada, Level 1 Product Specifications. Edition 1.1. Natural Resources Canada, Centre for Topographic Information. Government of Canada.
Geoscience Australia. 2009. Landsat Satellites. Commonwealth of Australia. Assessed on May, 2009 at http://www.ga.gov.au/remote-sensing/satellites-sensors/landsat/.
Greenstone3. 2005. Wild Banteng. Assessed on June 8, 2010 at
http://www.greenstone.org/greenstone3/library;jsessionid=D62B0CF05831F676C34E650E9EAD1237?a=d&d=HASH01dd16a9ba65d79fb1a4a8da.5.np&c=gs2mgppdemo&sib=1&dt=&ec=&et=&p.a=b&p.s=ClassifierBrowse&p.sa=.
Hedges, S., 2008. Bos javanicus in IUCN 2009. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Assesed on January 20, 2009 at
http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/2888/0.
Hedges and Tyson, 1996. In: Pedrono, M. 2008. Banteng, Bos Javanicus d’ Alton, 1823. Assessed on February 11, 2009 at
http://www.wildcattleconservation.org/SpeciesFactSheets/BosJavanicus.htm#taxonomy.
Hodgson, M. E., Jensen, J. R., Tullis, J. A., Riordan, K. D., Archer, M. 2003. Synergistic Use of LIDAR and Color Aerial Photography for Mapping Urban Parcel Imperviousness. In: Jensen, J. R. 2005. Introductory Digital Image Processing: A Remote Sensing Perspective. Third Edition. Pearson Prentice Hall. United State of America.
Hoogerwerf, A. 1970. Udjung Kulon the Land of the Last Javan Rhinoceros. Netherland Foundation for International Nature Protection. Netherland.
Humphrey, S.R., Bain, J. R. 1990. Endangered Animal of Thailand. Flora and Fauna Handbook No. 6. Sandhill Crane Press, Inc. United State of America.
IUCN. 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.2. Assessed on March, 10, 2010 at http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/2888/0.
Japan Association on Remote Sensing. 1993. Remote Sensing Note. Japan Association on Remote Sensing IIS, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Jenks, G. F. 1967. The Data Model Concept in Statistical Mapping. In: Esri. 2009. What is the Jenks optimization method?. Assessed on February 21, 2009 at
http://resources.arcgis.com/content/kbase?fa=articleShow&d=26442.
Joseph, S. 2002. International Studbook for Banteng (Bos Javanicus). Lake Buena Vista, Florida.
Konecny. G. 2003. Geoinformation Remote Sensing, Photogrammetry and Geographic Information Systems. Taylor & Francis Inc. New York.
Larsor, M.A., Thompson, F.R., Millspaugh, J.J., Dijak, W.D., Shifley, S.R. 2004. Linking Population Viability, Habitat Suitability, and Landscape Simulation Models for Conservation Planning. Elsevier Science. Ecological Modelling, 180: 103-118.
Larson, M.A., Dijak, W.D, Thompson, F.R., Millspaugh. J.J. 2003. Landscape-level Habitat Suitability Models for Twelve Wildlife Species in Southern Missouri. North Central Research Station. Forest Service U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Lestari Hutan Indonesia. 1999. Baluran. Accessed March, 2009 at http://www.natureindonesia.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=40&Itemid=64〈=
Lillesand, T., Kiefer, R., Chipman, J. 2007. Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation. Sixth Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. United State of America.
Lorenz, K. 2006. The Study of Habitat: A Historical and Philosophical Perspective. In: Morrison, M. L., Marcot, B. G., Mannan, R. W. 2006. Wildlife-Habitat Relationships: Concepts and Applications. Third Edition. Island Press. Washington, D. C.
Malczewski. J. 1999. GIS and Multicriteria Decision Analysis. John Willey & Sons, Inc. Canada.
Marinoni, O. 2004. Implementation of the analytical hierarchy process with VBA in ArcGIS. Computers and Geosciences, 30(6), 637-646.
_____. 2009. AHP 1.1-Decision Support Tool for ArcGIS. Assessed on February 21, 2009 at http://arcscripts.esri.com/details.asp?dbid=13764.
Millspaugh, J. J., Gitzen, R. A., Larsen, D. R., Larson, M. A., Thompson III, F. R. 2009. General Principles for Developing Landscape Models for Wildlife Conservation. In: Millspaugh, J. J., Thompson III, F. R. 2009. Models for Planning Wildlife Conservation in Large Landscapes. Elsevier Inc. United States of America.
Morrison, M. L., Marcot, B. G., Mannan, R. W. 2006. Wildlife-Habitat Relationships: Concepts and Applications. Third Edition. Island Press. Washington, D. C.
NASA. 2006. Landsat-7 Science Data User Handbook. Landsat Project Science Office, NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. Greenbelt, Maryland.
Nowak, R. M. 1999. Walker's mammals of the world. Sixth Edition. Volume II. The Johns Hopkins University Press. United States of America.
Pedrono, M. 2008. Banteng, Bos Javanicus d’ Alton, 1823. Assessed on February 11, 2009 at
http://www.wildcattleconservation.org/SpeciesFactSheets/BosJavanicus.htm#taxonomy.
Pedrono, M., Tuan, H.M., Chouteau, P., Vallejo, F. 2009. Status and distribution of the Endangered Banteng Bos javanicus birmanicus in Vietnam: a conservation tragedy. Fauna & Flora International. Cambridge Journal. Oryx, 43(4): 618–625.
Pettorelli, N., Dray, S.,Maillard, D. 2005. Coupling Principal Component Analysis and GIS to Map Deer Habitats. Wildlife Biology, 11: 4.
Pudyatmoko, S. 2005. Does The Banteng (Bos javanicus) Have a Future in Java? Challenges of The Conservation of a Large Herbivore in a Densely Populated Island. 3rd IUCN World Conservation Congress, Bangkok, Thailand, 17-25 November 2004.
Pudyatmoko .S., Djuwantoko, Sabarno .Y. 2007. Evidence of Banteng (Bos Javanicus) Decline in Baluran National Park, Indonesia. Journal of Biological Sciences, 7 (6): 854-859.
Rickers, J. R., Queen, L. P., Arthaud, G. J. 1995. A Proximity-Based Approch to Assessing Habitat. Landscape Ecology, 10 (5): 309-321.
Rushton, S. P., Ormerod, S. J., Kerby, G. 2004. New Paradigms for Modelling Species Distribution?. Journal of Applied Ecology, 41: 193-200.
Pratiwi, A. 2006. Analisis Habitat Banteng (Bos Javanicus) di Taman Nasional Baluran. Laporan Kegiatan Pengendali Ekosistem Hutan. Balai Taman Nasional Baluran.
Saaty, T., 1980. The Analytic Hierarchy Process. McGraw-Hill, New York.
Saaty .T.L., Vargas. L. G. 2001. Models, Methods, Concepts & Applications of the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Kluwer Academic Publishers. United States of America.
Saari, J. 2002. Bos javanicus, Animal Diversity Web. Accessed May 22, 2009 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Bos_javanicus.html.
Sabins, F. F. 1997. Remote Sensing Principles and Interpretation. Third Edition. W. H. Freeman and Company. United State of America.
Sharma, B. D., Clevers, J., Graaf, R. D., Chapagain, N. D. 2004. Mapping Equus kiang (Tibetan Wild Ass) Habitat in Surkhang, Upper Mustang, Nepal. Mountain Research and Development, 24 (2): 149-156.
Store, R., and Kangas, J. 2001. Integrating Spatial Multi-criteria evaluation and expert knowledge for GIS-based Habitat Suitability Modelling. Elsevier Science. Landscape and Urban Planning, 55: 79-93.
Tarmuzi, Z. 2009. Impact of Acacia nilotica on Environtment at National Baluran Park, East Java-Indonesia. XIII World Forestry Congress. Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Zeng, Y., Feng, Z., Xiang, N. 2004. Assessment of Soil Moisture using Landsat ETM+ Temperature/Vegetation Index in Semiarid Environment. IEEE.
Verbyla, D. 1995. Satellite Remote Sensing of Natural Resources. Lewis Publishers. New York.
Whitten, T., Soeriaatmadja, R. E., Afiff, S. A. 1996. The ecology of Java and Bali. The ecology of Indonesia Series. Volume II. Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd.
Wikipedia. 2009. Jenks Natural Breaks Optimization. Assessed on February 21, 2009 at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jenks_Natural_Breaks_Optimization.
Wilson, D. E., Reeder D. M (Ed). 1993. Mammal Species of the World (Second Edition) In: Brent Huffman. An ultimate Ungulate Fact Sheet: Bos Javanicus (Banteng). Assessed on February 11, 2009 at
http://www.ultimateungulate.com/Artiodactyla/Bos_javanicus.html.
Witton, P., Elliott, M. 2003. Indonesia. Seventh Edition. Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd. Singapore.
Yuan, F., Sawaya, K.E., Loeffelholz, B.C., Bauer, M.E. 2005. Land Cover Classification and Change Analysis of the Twin Cities (Minnesota) Metropolitan Area by Multitemporal Landsat Remote Sensing. Elsevier Science. Remote Sensing of Environment, 98: 317-328.

指導教授

林唐煌(Dr. Tan Huang Lin)

審核日期

2010-7-21

推文