應用多項式摩擦單擺支承之隔震橋梁研究

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董佩宜(Pei-Yi Dung) 查詢紙本館藏

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土木工程學系

論文名稱

應用多項式摩擦單擺支承之隔震橋梁研究
(Isolated Bridges Using Polynomial Friction Pendulum Isolator)

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摘要(中)

傳統滑動隔震支承雖對於一般遠域震波有不錯隔震效果，但對於近斷層震波則易造成低頻共振現象，降低減震效果。為改善此問題，本文採用具有變頻特性之多項式摩擦單擺支承(Polynomial Friction Pendulum System, PFPI)為橋梁隔震支承。PFPI為滑動隔震支承，其曲面函數為六次多項式，經由多項式係數變化，可使支承有不同隔震效果：軟化段和硬化段。軟化段作用為降低結構物加速度反應；硬化段則是降低結構物位移反應。
根據前人研究已證實PFPI對於建築物有良好隔震效果，然而其尚未有應用於橋梁隔震之實例。本文採用PFPI為橋梁隔震支承，對其展開一系列研究：(1)以實驗驗證PFPI隔震橋理論之正確性、(2)使用PSO-SA混和搜尋法搜尋支承設計最佳參數，(3)根據日本道路橋示方書建立一座橋梁模型，以PFPI與傳統摩擦單擺支承(Friction Pendulum System, FPS)為隔震支承，比較兩支承隔震效益。研究結果顯示，PFPI較FPS有良好隔震效果，且由於PFPI多功特性(軟化與硬化)，吾人可依據實際需求設計支承隔震行為。

摘要(英)

Conventional sliding isolators may be effective when the structures are subjected to far-field ground motions, but it may not be effective when the structures are subjected to near-field ground motions because the pulse periods of the near-field ground motions are usually close to the isolation periods of the isolators, and it may lead isolated structures to resonate with the ground motions. In order to improve the performance of seismic isolation under near-field ground motions, a various frequency isolator which is named Polynomial Friction Pendulum System (PFPI) is used in this study. The sliding surface of PFPI consists of six-order polynomial. The restoring stiffness possesses two sections: softening section and hardening section. The structural acceleration response can be reduced by decreasing the restoring stiffness, while the structural displacement response can be reduced by increasing the restoring stiffness of PFPI.
Both theoretical and experimental studies were carried out in this thesis which includes: (1) A shaking table test for simplified isolated bridge model by using PFPI; (2) find out the optimal parameters of PFPI by using PSO-SA hybrid algorithm; (3) compare the isolation effectiveness between PFPI and Friction Pendulum System (FPS). The results show that PFPI has better performance than FPS. Because the multi-function of PFPI (softening section and hardening section), it offers us different choices to do a design.

關鍵字(中)

★ 變曲率隔震支承
★ 變頻式隔震支承
★ 滑動隔震支承
★ 近域震波
★ 振動台實驗

關鍵字(英)

★ shaking table test
★ near-field ground motion
★ sliding isolator
★ variable-curvature seismic isolator
★ various frequencies seismic isolator

論文目次

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 文獻回顧 3
1.3 研究內容 5
第二章多項式摩擦單擺支承 7
2.1 支承力學行為 7
2.2 多項式摩擦單擺支承曲面函數 10
2.3 支承參數變化與支承行為之探討 13
2.4 摩擦子尺寸效應 13
第三章數值分析模型與分析方法 19
3.1 橋梁模型簡化與數值模型 19
3.2 運動方程式推導 19
第四章振動台實驗 26
4.1 實驗設備與實驗試體 26
4.2 實驗量測儀器及配置 27
4.3 系統識別 28
4.4 輸入震波 28
4.5 實驗結果與數值模擬之比對與探討 29
第五章 PFPI與FPS最佳參數搜尋與數值結果探討 48
5.1 PSO-SA混合搜尋法 49
5.1.1 粒子群演算法(PSO) 49
5.1.2 模擬退火法(SA) 52
5.1.3 PSO-SA混合搜尋程序 53
5.2 目標橋梁 54
5.3 支承最佳參數目標函數訂定 55
5.4 PFPI與FPS最佳參數搜尋之參數設定 56
5.4.1 FPS參數設定 56
5.4.2 PFPI參數設定 57
5.4.3 PSO-SA最佳參數之驗證 58
5.5 數值分析之震波 59
5.6 數值分析結果與討論 60
第六章結論與建議 79
6.1 結論 79
6.2 建議 80
參考文獻 81
附錄 A 88
附錄 B 94

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指導教授

李姿瑩(Tzu-Ying Lee)

審核日期

2010-8-26

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