博碩士論文 973202042 詳細資訊



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姓名 鄭鈺諠(Yu-hsuan Cheng)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 土木工程學系
論文名稱 不飽和夯實土壤之動態性質
(Dynamic properties of unsaturated compacted soils)
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摘要(中) 土石壩材料之動態性質是土石壩受震反應分析中的重要參數，當土石壩興建完成蓄水後，部分壩體在水面之上，此部分的土石材料為不飽和，而不飽和區之夯實土石材料的動態性質鮮少有文獻探討。本研究之試驗土料來源取自於雲林湖山水庫計畫借土區之兩種殼層材料SM、ML及心層材料CL，試驗針對不飽和夯實土壤，利用共振柱試驗儀求取不飽和試體的動態性質曲線，與飽和試體的動態試驗結果比較探討，並找出最大剪力模數出現最大值時所對應的飽和度，即稱最佳飽和度。
三種土樣的試驗結果顯示，隨著圍壓的增加，動態剪力模數與門檻剪應變皆會增加；隨著試體飽和度的降低，動態剪力模數會增加，而門檻剪應變會隨著飽和度減小而增加。由飽和度與最大剪力模數之關係可看出，夯實SM及ML試體的最佳飽和度出現在4-5 ％ 左右，夯實CL試體在飽和度3-4 ％左右，將試體飽和度與最大剪力模數的關係迴歸出關係方程式，與試體飽和時最大剪力模數的經驗公式結合，整理出各土樣不飽和夯實試體之最大剪力模數的方程式，以供工程界選擇土壤動態性質參數之依據。
摘要(英) Dynamic properties of compacted soils are key parameters in analyzing seismic response of compacted earth dams. The compacted soil of earth dam is composed of saturated part and unsaturated part. However, there’re few literature studying the unsaturated part of compacted soils. This paper aims to analyze the dynamic properties of unsaturated compacted soils. The test materials include compacted SM, ML and CL soils. The dynamic properties of these soils are measured by resonant column test (RCT). The measured properties include the maximum shear modulus, normalized shear modulus, and damping ratio curves in the shear strain range of 〖10〗^(-4)~〖10〗^(-1) % . The results shows that shear modulus and threshold shearing strain are increased with confining pressure. As degree of saturation decreases, shear modulus are significantly increased, but threshold shearing strain is decreased. Therefore, threshold shearing strains of specimens of any saturation degree are almost the same when confining pressure is high. The test results could be combined with current results of saturated specimens. We can get the regressive formula for the maximum shear modulus and use it for future study on seismic response of compacted earth dams.
關鍵字(中) ★ 不飽和試體
★ 共振柱試驗
★ 剪力模數
★ 阻尼比		 關鍵字(英) ★ Shear modulus
★ Damping ratio
★ Unsaturated specimen
★ Resonant column test
論文目次 摘 要 I
Abstract II
目 錄 III
表 目 錄 VII
圖 目 錄 VIII
符號說明 XIII
第一章 緒 論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究目的 2
1.3 研究方法與內容 2
1.4 論文內容 4
第二章 不飽和土壤之文獻回顧 6
2.1 不飽和土壤的組成 6
2.2 土壤吸力理論與土壤-水分特性曲線 7
2.2.1 土壤吸力理論 7
2.2.2 土壤水分特性曲線 10
2.3 不飽和土壤應力狀態 12
2.4 不飽和土壤的剪力強度 13
2.5 土壤吸力計理論 14
2.5.1 吸力計原理與構造 15
第三章 共振柱動態試驗之文獻回顧 18
3.1 土壤動態性質試驗方法 18
3.2 共振柱理論 18
3.2.1 共振柱理論基本假設 18
3.2.2 共振柱水平扭轉波傳方程式 19
3.2.3 由彈性理論計算土壤阻尼比 24
3.3 動態性質的影響因子 26
3.3.1 飽和土壤剪力模數的影響因子 26
3.3.2 不飽和土壤剪力模數之影響因子 30
3.3.3 阻尼比的影響因子 39
第四章 室內實驗 40
4.1 現地廠址與試驗土樣 40
4.2 基本物理性質試驗 42
4.3重模夯實試體 42
4.3.1 單位體積夯實能量概念 42
4.3.2 特製夯模 43
4.3.3 重模夯實試體步驟 44
4.3.3 不飽和試體的製作 47
4.4 共振柱動態試驗 49
4.4.1 壓力供給系統 50
4.4.2 電腦控制系統 52
4.4.3 驅動系統 53
4.4.4 量測系統 54
4.4.5 動態性質試驗 55
4.5 土壤吸力計試驗 60
4.5.1 土壤吸力計 60
4.5.2 吸力計試驗 61
第五章 試驗結果與討論 63
5.1 基本物理性質試驗結果 63
5.2 不飽和夯實試體均勻度之探討 66
5.3 共振柱動態試驗結果 68
5.3.1 圍壓與試體飽和度之變化關係 68
5.3.1 剪力模數與剪應變振幅之關係 70
5.3.2 正規化剪力模數比與剪應變振幅之關係 80
5.3.3 阻尼比與剪應變之關係 86
5.4 土壤吸力計試驗結果 92
5.5 試驗資料與文獻比較 93
5.5.1 試驗資料與不飽和土壤文獻比較 93
5.5.2 試驗資料與飽和夯實土壤文獻比較 97
第六章 結論與建議 109
6.1 結論 109
6.2 建議 113
參考文獻 114
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指導教授 鄭鈺諠(Yu-hsuan Cheng) 審核日期 2010-7-27
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