| 摘要(英) |
Following the development of economy, the number of motor vehicles has increased rapidly and traffic conditions have become more complex than ever. Traffic accidents also greatly increased year by year. Particularly on the tunnel, the obstruction of external circumstance enhances the rescue of accidents will more difficult than opened spaces. These problems are becoming even more important and
challenging. How to improve driving safety on highway and long tunnels has become an interesting issue recently. The objective of this study is attempt to identify the best
Forward Vehicle Collision Warning Systems (FVCWS) that most suitable for the driving characteristics and geographical features of our country.
This research utilized a fixed-base driving simulator (DS) to execute the simulated driving task. Fourteen driving performance and two subjective questionaries were adopted to determined the effect of different FVCWS, including three warning functions (voice, image, vibration), and three system alert time (1.5 s, 2 s, 2.5 s). Furthermore, three on-road conditions were considered to test the efficiency of the most suitable FVCWS, including four road types (sunshine, fog, rectilineal tunnel, curvaceous tunnel), two distraction task (no distraction, use phone), and accident types (emergency brake, sidecar plug-in).
Analytic results of NASA-TLX subjective questionary indicated that road types and distraction tasks greatly increase the workload while driving. The subjects reported that the voice function and vibration function of FVCWS were the most acceptable systems. After the experiment, over 80% of subjects have the willing to set up the FVCWS on their cars. Moreover, the ANOVA results of fourteen driving performance clearly showed that the time to collision (TTC), standard deviation of headway, and standard deviation of lateral position (SDLP) all have a significant difference in the distraction task, the system alerts time, the road type, and accident type.
Furthermore, analytic results of independent t-test indicated that the road type of fog has the highest headway due to the poor visibility. The curvaceous tunnel and rectilineal tunnel have the highest SDLP that seriously increase the probably of vehicle drift. The 2.5 seconds is the best system alert time of FVCWS due to it have the smallest time pressure to react the emergency accidents. Meanwhile, experimental results clearly demonstrated that the driving performance of assembled FVCWS are superior to the without FVCWS and the vibration function of FVCWS has the best performance on three kinds of warning functions. We believe that the findings of this
research would useful to the optimal design of FVCWS in our country.
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