硬質鏈上巨大基團對防水性polyester PU 的影響

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姓名

李國銘(Guo-ming Li) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

化學工程與材料工程學系

論文名稱

硬質鏈上巨大基團對防水性polyester PU 的影響
(Study of a bulky pendent group on water-resistant polyurethanes)

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摘要(中)

嵌段式聚氨基甲酸酯(Segmented Polyurethane，SPU)是由軟質段與硬質段交替組成的嵌段式共聚物，軟質段造成了PU的柔軟性，而硬質段則因氫鍵鍵結提供了PU的剛性，所以軟硬質段材料的選用與比率的控制使得PU具有多樣的物理性質，應用性非常廣泛。
　　本實驗室過去為了瞭解離子基對水性PU(Waterborne Polyurethane)結構與物性的影響，所以在離子型水性PU有一系列的研究，並以穿透式電子顯微鏡分析微相結構，發現了水性PU三種模組，且此水性PU會產生特有的雙連續相網狀結構使材料具有高透光性、高剛性、高堅韌性、耐高溫且易於加工的特性。本研究將以此特色作為研究動機，採用Uniqema公司的近非極性防水性polyesters polyols(Priplast1838)作為軟質段，其特有的脂肪族結構會包圍酯基而具有抗水性，且其飽和長碳鏈的結構也會抗紫外線的裂解，接著以商業上比較大宗的二異氰酸鹽MDI (4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate)及鏈延長劑BD (1,4-butanediol)為硬質段，利用兩階段溶液聚合法，在聚合過程中分別導入自行合成的巨大基團 Bulky diol (N-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-2-propyl-pentanamide) 來進行硬質段的改質，合成出一系列不同硬質段含量與不同Bulky diol含量的嵌段式PU，並藉由FT-IR、TGA、DSC、DMA與拉力測試，探討PU在Bulky diol影響下造成的性質與結構變化。

摘要(英)

Segmented polyurethane copolymers consist of soft and hard segments. Soft segments provide polyurethane soft property whereas hard segments offer the stiffness by hydrogen bondings. Therefore, material selection and ratio control of soft and hard segments could tailor make the many kinds of properties and applications of polyurethane copolymers.
　　In the past, our laboratory conducted a series of studies on waterborne polyurethane in understanding the effect of ionic group on the properties and structure. We observerd the micro phase morphology and found three waterborne polyurethane phase separated models. Its unique phase separated bicontinuous network structure provided waterborne polyurethane with properties such as transparency, stretchability, tenacity, thermostable and easy to process. This study follow the methods as my research motive, and segmented polyurethane based on priplast1838 (polyester polyols), 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), 1,4-butanediol (BD) and N-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-2-propyl-pentanamide (bulky diol) are synthesized with two step solution polymerization. The characteristic of soft segments, saturated hydrocarbon, aliphatic alkane and highly branched, allow polyester polyols to have hydrolytic resistance, affinity for non-polar matrices, and the resistance to ultraviolet rays. The widely used hard segments, MDI and BD, are modified by self-synthesized bulky diol as substitutes for the ionic group of waterborne polyurethane in this study. The different of hard segment content and bulky diol content as variables are controlled in two step solution polymerization for a series of modified segmented polyurethane. All samples are analyzed by FT-IR, TGA, DSC, DMA and tensile testing. We discuss the results to realize the effect of bulky diol on the properties and structure for segmented polyurethane.

關鍵字(中)

★ 聚氨基甲酸酯
★ 性質與結構
★ 防水性軟質段
★ 巨大基團

關鍵字(英)

★ priplast1838
★ polyurethane
★ property and structure
★ bulky pendent group

論文目次

摘要-----I
英文摘要-----II
致謝-----III
目錄-----IV
圖目錄-----VII
表目錄-----X
第一章、緒論-----1
第二章、文獻回顧-----3
2-1 嵌段式PU簡介-----3
2-2 軟質段的組成對PU的影響-----4
2-3 嵌段式PU硬質段的結構組成-----6
2-4 嵌段式PU硬質段鏈延長劑的影響-----7
2-5 嵌段式PU的型態與結構-----9
2-6 水性PU的型態與結構-----13
2-7 PU相分離之理論研究-----15
第三章、實驗-----16
3-1 研究流程-----16
3-2 系統設計-----16
3-3 藥品-----16
3-4 儀器設備-----17
3-5 實驗流程-----17
3-5-1 Bulky diol的合成-----17
3-5-2 PU合成步驟-----19
3-5-3 PU試片的製備-----20
3-5-4合成反應裝置與流程圖-----21
3-6 分析鑑定-----23
3-6-1 紅外線光譜(Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy)-----23
3-6-2 熱重損失分析(Thermogravimetric Analysis)-----23
3-6-3 微差掃描熱分析儀(Differential Scanning Calorimetry)-----24
3-6-4 動態機械分析儀(Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer)-----24
3-6-5 抗張強度測試(Tensile Strength)-----25
第四章、結果與討論-----26
4-1巨大基團(Bulky diol)的合成與結果-----26
4-2 Polyurethane(PU)合成、鑑定與物性分析-----28
4-2-1 FT-IR分析-----28
4-2-2 成膜結果-----35
4-2-3 熱裂解性質(TGA)-----36
4-2-4 微差掃描熱分析(DSC)-----39
4-2-5 動態機械分析(DMA)-----43
4-2-6 拉伸機械性質(Tensile)-----46
第五章、結論-----51
參考文獻-----53

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指導教授

陳登科(Teng-ko Chen)

審核日期

2010-7-7

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