利用車輛分類建構車載網路上的虛擬骨幹

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姓名

黃延瑋(Yen-wei Hwang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

資訊工程學系

論文名稱

利用車輛分類建構車載網路上的虛擬骨幹
(Classification　based　Virtual　Backbone　Construction　in　Vehicular　Ad-hoc　Networks)

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摘要(中)

車載網路可用來疏通交通壅塞以及提供適地性的服務，這些服務為了要在車載網路上達到快速的訊息傳送，通常會使用到虛擬骨幹的作法。本篇論文提出一個新的以路線依從性與時間可預測性來分類車輛，並以此為基礎來建構車載網路的虛擬骨幹方法－ Classification　based　Virtual　Backbone　Construction　in　Vehicular　Ad-hoc　Networks。
此方法在推廣初期能以較少的建構成本來覆蓋大多數的車輛，使駕駛者有動機來裝設車載網路的通訊設備，快速的達到車載網路的普及。使用交通模擬工具STRAW 與網路模擬工具JiST/SWANS，載入美國人口普查局TIGER 系統的舊金山市街道資料，模擬利用幹線公車來建構虛擬骨幹，可以提供比目前其他相關研究所使用協定更好的服務效率，若搭配佈建在十字路口的路側單元，可提供更可靠與更長時間的服務。
經由模擬檢驗可知利用幹線公車來建構虛擬骨幹的方式，可以用較少的通訊設備裝置，達到較高的網路覆蓋率，較長時間可提供網路服務，節點與叢聚點平均連結時間也較長，且距離骨幹最遠的點與平均節點距離，都相較其他方法近。

摘要(英)

Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks(VANET) can be used as a mean to alleviate traffic congestion and provide location-based services. The success of these applications relies heavily on effective message transmissions. To achieve this
goal, the virtual backbone is known to be a powerful tool. In this thesis, we propose a novel method to classify vehicles according to their route and time predictability, and use such classification as the basis to construct the virtual backbone for VANET.
Our protocol, namely Classification-based Virtual Backbone Construction in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (CVBCV), aims at providing network services to more vehicles with less hardware cost at the initial stage of VANET deployment. By doing so, we hope to provide enough incentive to drivers to install IEEE 802.11p On Board Unit (OBU) at their vehicles, and can eventually help speed
up the deployment of VANET. To obtain a reliable simulation results, we utilize the traffic simulation tool STRAW and network simulator JiST/SWANS, with the real San Francisco street dataset downloaded from United State TIGER
system.
The simulation results show that by using only a few major bus routes as the virtual backbone, we are able to provide more network coverage, longer service
duration, and fewer handoffs with fewer OBUs. The best results can be had when CVBCV works with a few Road Side Units deployed at traffic-concentrated crossroads.

關鍵字(中)

★ 虛擬骨幹
★ 叢聚

關鍵字(英)

★ Clustering
★ Virtual backbone
★ TIGER
★ STRAW
★ JiST/SWANS

論文目次

摘要............................................................................................................. i
Abstract ......................................................................................................ii
誌謝...........................................................................................................iii
目錄........................................................................................................... iv
圖目錄......................................................................................................vii
表目錄....................................................................................................... ix
一、緒論介紹............................................................................................ 1
1-1 論文概要................................................................................... 1
1-2 研究目的................................................................................... 2
1-3 論文架構................................................................................... 3
二、文獻回顧............................................................................................ 5
2-1 CDS 法...................................................................................... 5
2-2 叢聚法....................................................................................... 9
2-3 覆蓋問題................................................................................. 10
2-3-1 感測覆蓋..................................................................... 10
2-3-2 地理覆蓋..................................................................... 11
2-3-3 區域盤狀覆蓋集......................................................... 11
三、CVBCV............................................................................................ 13
3-1 研究動機................................................................................. 13
3-2 協定介紹................................................................................. 16
四、模擬系統平台.................................................................................. 20
4-1 地理資料庫系統.................................................................... 20
4-1-1 TIGER 系統................................................................ 20
4-1-2 TMRS 軟體................................................................. 23
4-2 JiST / SWANS......................................................................... 23
4-2-1 JiST.............................................................................. 23
4-2-2 SWANS........................................................................ 24
4-2-3 SWANS 的實體層...................................................... 25
4-2-4 SWANS 的MAC 層................................................... 26
4-2-5 SWANS 的網路層...................................................... 31
4-2-6 SWANS 中層與層之間的交互.................................. 33
4-3 STRAW................................................................................... 35
五、模擬評估.......................................................................................... 37
5-1 環境設定................................................................................. 37
5-2 評估準則................................................................................. 39
5-2-1 車輛節點接受網路服務的比例................................. 39
5-2-2 節點距離虛擬骨幹的最遠距離................................. 40
5-2-3 平均節點距離虛擬骨幹的距離................................. 40
5-2-4 連結時間比例............................................................. 40
5-2-5 與叢聚點平均連結時間............................................. 41
5-3 協定評估................................................................................. 41
5-3-1 Roadside Unit .............................................................. 42
5-3-2 CDS 架構骨幹網路.................................................... 43
5-3-3 CVBCV ....................................................................... 44
5-3-4 CVBCV II.................................................................... 46
5-4 不同協定的效能.................................................................... 48
六、結論與未來研究方向...................................................................... 56
6-1 結論......................................................................................... 56
6-2 未來展望................................................................................. 57
參考文獻.................................................................................................. 60

參考文獻

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指導教授

孫敏德(Min-te Sun)

審核日期

2010-7-16

推文