磷系廢水化學沉降處理系統之影像訊號分析

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黃鈺臻(Huang Yu-Chen) 查詢紙本館藏

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論文名稱

磷系廢水化學沉降處理系統之影像訊號分析
(The floc color image analysis of the phosphorus wastewater chemical precipitation treatment system)

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摘要(中)

以鈣鹽去除工業廢水中的磷酸是常見的處理方法，促使磷酸根離子與鈣離子結合，並提高水中的pH值降低溶解度，藉由固態膠羽顆粒的形成，利用固液分離方式去除磷酸。本研究團隊目前已知膠羽影像色度分析技術( FICA )能即時監測膠羽顆粒的混凝行為，可利用RGB變化程度來判斷混凝效果和膠羽長成之依據，因此藉由FICA系統分析RGB值與膠羽變化情形之間關聯性，除了探討FICA系統監測化學沉降之可行性，並了解實驗參數的影響以及磷酸鈣化學沉降情況。研究結果顯示，RGB值隨著時間先上升後下降，最後呈平穩起伏，由在不同pH與Ca/P下RGB變化的差異可知，FICA監測系統能適時的反應出化學沉降中膠羽變化的情形，隨著初始pH值越高或是Ca/P比例增加，RGB變化趨勢明顯地提早。從RGB變化趨勢可知，當快混階段之上升斜率由大變小時，以及慢混階段之標準偏差(SD)越大時，所形成的膠羽越大；另外，B值和R值對白色顆粒變化反應較明顯，當顆粒越緊實時影像越亮白，因此B－R值越大，而且B－R跳動幅度越大則粒徑越大，表示磷酸去除率越好且化學沉降性佳。從膠羽顆粒狀態與RGB值之間各種相關的探討可知，FICA系統能應用於監測化學沉降，並能藉由RGB變化趨勢了解膠羽顆粒形成情況。

摘要(英)

Chemical precipitation is commonly used for the removal of phosphorous species from industrial wastewater. Floc image colorimetric analysis (FICA) has been developed to monitor coagulation process. The objective of this work is to explore the feasibility of FICA for the monitoring of chemical precipitation. Also, the influences of experimental parameters and the degrees of precipitation on RGB values were investigated. The results showed that the RGB values increased significantly and then decreased, followed by a steady undulation. It was shown that the changes of and the differences between RGB values were affected by the solution pH and Ca/P. At higher solution pH or Ca/pH, the turning points in the RGB patterns showed up earlier. Also, when the flocs became bigger, the rising slopes of RGB values decreased, the standard deviation (SD) became greater. Because the B and R values were more sensitive to the white images, which indicated that the compactness of flocs, it was found the B－R values and ranges were greater when the particles became more compact and bigger and the removal efficiency was also higher. This work concluded that FICA applied to monitor the chemical precipitation, and various analyses of RGB values were able to understand the growth of flocs.

關鍵字(中)

★ 光學監測
★ 影像訊號分析
★ 磷酸鈣化學沉降

關鍵字(英)

★ image analysis
★ optical monitoring
★ chemical precipitation

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 xi
第一章前言 1
1-1 研究緣起 1
1-2 研究目的 4
第二章文獻回顧 5
2-1 薄膜電晶體液晶顯示器(TFT-LCD)之廢水特性與處理 5
2-1-1 TFT-LCD之簡述 5
2-1-2 TFT-LCD廢水來源及處理概況 6
2-2 化學沉降理論 11
2-2-1 無機顆粒之形成機制 14
2-2-2 影響因子 17
2-3 影像監測系統 23
2-3-1 光學基本理論 23
2-3-2 影像處理系統 27
2-3-3 混凝光學監測技術 30
第三章研究方法 40
3-1 研究內容 40
3-2 化學沉降模場實驗 42
3-2-1 實驗藥品 42
3-2-2 實驗設備 43
3-2-3模場架設 46
3-2-4實驗流程 46
3-3 分析設備 48
3-3-1水質分析－離子層析儀(Ion chromatography, IC) 48
3-3-2 膠羽組成分析 48
3-3-3 拍攝影像處理 49
第四章結果與討論 51
4-1 初始pH值及Ca/P對處理成效之影響 52
4-1-1 pH值及濁度值(NTU)與磷酸鈣化學沉降之關係 52
4-1-2 pH值與Ca/P的影響 55
4-2 光散射訊號值(RGB)變化圖 60
4-2-1 光訊號基本分析 60
4-2-2 不同操作條件下之光散射訊號變化 63
4-3 RGB變化趨勢之比較 71
4-4 快混期間RGB值上升斜率變化與操作條件之關係 81
4-5 慢混階段光訊號標準偏差值(SD)與膠羽狀態之相關性 90
4-6 膠羽顆粒狀態與RGB各值之相關性 95
4-6-1 在不同操作條件下RGB三值所各佔的比例變化及差異比較 96
4-6-2 B值、B－R值及跳動幅度的探討 107
第五章結論與建議 113
5-1 結論 113
5-2 建議 116
參考文獻 117
附錄A 磷酸鈣鹽膠羽顆粒分析 127
附錄B 監測影像 137

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指導教授

秦靜如(Ching-Ju Chin)

審核日期

2012-7-27

推文