博碩士論文 986203002 詳細資訊




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姓名 蔡宗廷(Zong-Ting Cai)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 太空科學研究所
論文名稱 MODIS衛星資料在亞洲地區氣膠種類辨識之應用
(Discrimination of Aerosol Types with MODIS Data in Asia.)
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摘要(中) 本研究利用MODIS Aqua / Terra 在2002年至2008年發生在亞洲地區的生質燃燒、沙塵暴事件以及冰島火山爆發事件之觀測資料,分析各類氣膠在可見光及紅外頻道之輻射特性,並歸納出各類氣膠之光學特性,以建立辨識氣膠種類之方法。
由MODIS 36個頻道輻射特性之分析結果得到可利用第2(850nm)、3(469nm)、8(413nm)、9(443nm)與17(905nm)頻道區分煙塵與晴空地表之不同,利用第25(4.52μm)及26(1.38μm)頻道區分沙塵和火山灰與晴空地和煙塵,以及利用第17與第18(936nm)頻道區分沙塵與火山灰。在紅外頻道方面,沙塵和火山灰之11μm與12μm亮度溫度差(BTDI)明顯低於煙塵,沙塵(-1.729±1.001)及火山灰(-2.395±0.646)皆為負值,而煙塵(3.408±0.141)則為正值,因此可就BTDI值區分煙塵與另外兩者。此外本研究亦發現衛星觀測之BTDI值與氣膠(沙塵和火山灰)濃度及環境水氣含量有關,因此可利用衛星所觀測到之BTDI值以及環境水氣含量,估算沙塵與火山灰在像元裡之比例。本研究依照各類氣膠在MODIS三十六頻道之特性、BTDI值及氣膠在像元裡之比例,建立一套辨識煙塵、沙塵以及火山灰之方法,並應用於亞洲地區不同的氣膠種類之辨識,獲得不錯之結果。
摘要(英) The main aim of study is to identify aerosol types based on the spectral radiance observed by Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Three datasets are collected for the discrimination of aerosol types, including volcanic ash, smoke plumes and mineral dust, during the periods of Icelandic volcano eruption, Southeast Asian biomass burning and Asian dust storm events.
According to the analysis of thermal radiation (brightness temperature), the BTDI (Brightness Temperature Difference Index) in split window of smoke plumes (3.408±0.141) are larger than both volcanic ashes (-2.395±0.646) and dust particles (-1.729±1.001), suggesting that the BTDI can be an optimal indicator for the discrimination of smoke from volcanic ash and dust particles. For the radiometric characteristics in visible and near infrared spectral band, smoke plumes and clean land surface have a distinct difference in reflectivity in MODIS band 2 (850nm), band 3 (469nm), dand 8 (413nm), band 9 (443nm) and band 17 (905nm). Therefor, these bands can be an optimal indicator for the discrimination between smoke plumes and land surface. Dust particles and volcanic ashes have a distinct difference in reflectivity between band 17 ( 905nm ) and band18 ( 936nm ) of MODIS and the difference between these two bands can be an optimal indicator for the discrimination between volcanic ash and dust particles.
On the other hand, the BTDI observed by satellite is composed of contribution by aerosol (dust and ash) and water vapor in the environment if a pixel cell is not full filled with aerosol particles. Therefor, we can derive the fractions of BTDI contributed by aerosols and water vapor. As a result, an ensemble method for diseriminating the aerosol type has been integtated in this study.
關鍵字(中) ★ 火山灰
★ MODIS
★ 煙塵
★ 沙塵
★ 氣膠
關鍵字(英) ★ MODIS
★ volcanic ash
★ smoke
★ dust
★ aerosol
論文目次 摘要 I
致謝 IV
目錄 V
表目錄 VIII
圖目錄 IX
第一章 前言 1
1.1研究動機 1
1.2研究目的 4
第二章 大氣氣膠與文獻回顧 5
2.1大氣氣膠 5
2.2沙塵 8
2.3煙塵 10
2.4火山灰 11
2.5氣膠種類辨識 13
第三章 理論基礎與研究方法 16
3.1 參數介紹 16
3.1.1亮度溫度 16
3.1.2氣膠光學厚度 17
3.1.3氣膠粒徑分佈參數 19
3.2 研究資料簡介 20
3.2.1 MODIS 衛星資料 20
3.2.2 CALIPSO 衛星資料 24
3.3 研究方法 25
3.3.1蒐集資料 26
3.3.2樣本選取 26
3.3.3氣膠特性之建立 29
3.3.4影響BTDI之因素 30
3.3.5結果之驗證 32
第四章結果與討論 34
4.1 氣膠輻射特性分析 34
4.1.1 煙塵 34
4.1.2 沙塵 38
4.1.3 火山灰 42
4.1.4 綜合分析 47
4.2 氣膠BTDI特性分析 54
4.2.1 BTDI 54
4.2.2影響BTDI之因素 57
4.3氣膠種類辨識方法 72
4.3.1方法一 72
4.3.2方法二(沙塵、火山灰) 75
4.3.1方法三(沙塵、火山灰) 75
4.4 結果與驗證 76
4.4.1煙塵 76
4.4.2沙塵 88
4.4.3火山灰 101
4.4.4應用 124
第五章 結論與未來展望 127
5.1結論 127
5.2未來展望 130
參考文獻 131
附錄 135
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指導教授 林唐煌(Tang-Huang Lin) 審核日期 2011-8-28
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