低放處置場工程障壁受氯離子侵蝕服務年限預估研究

以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

、勘誤回報

、線上人數：27

、訪客IP：18.222.182.52

姓名

陳昱安(Yu-An Chen) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

低放處置場工程障壁受氯離子侵蝕服務年限預估研究
(A study on the prediction of degradation low-level of concrete while percolated by chloride ions)

相關論文

★ 電弧爐氧化碴特性及取代混凝土粗骨材之成效研究	★ 路基土壤回彈模數試驗系統量測不確定度與永久變形行為探討
★ 工業廢棄物再利用於營建工程粒料策略之研究	★ 以鹼活化技術資源化電弧爐煉鋼還原碴之研究
★ 低放處置場工程障壁之溶出失鈣及劣化敏感度分析	★ 以知識本體技術與探勘方法探討台北都會區道路工程與管理系統之研究
★ 電弧爐煉鋼爐碴特性及取代混凝土粗骨材之研究	★ 三維有限元素應用於柔性鋪面之非線性分析
★ 放射性廢料處置場緩衝材料之力學性質	★ 放射性廢料深層處置場填封用薄漿之流變性與耐久性研究
★ 路基土壤受反覆載重作用之累積永久變形研究	★ 還原碴取代部份水泥之研究
★ 路基土壤反覆載重下之回彈與塑性行為及模式建構	★ 重載交通荷重對路面損壞分析模式之建立
★ 鹼活化電弧爐還原碴之水化反應特性	★ 電弧爐氧化碴為混凝土骨材之可行性研究

檔案

[Endnote RIS 格式]

[Bibtex 格式]

[相關文章]

[文章引用]

[完整記錄]

[館藏目錄]

[檢視]

[下載]

本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的，進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定，切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送，以免觸法。

摘要(中)

低放射性廢棄物處置設施之工程障壁主要是由混凝土組成，但不同於一般混凝土結構物之用途，其服務年限需長達數百年之久。由於台灣處於四面環海環境，使得低射性廢棄物處置場之場址位於濱海區域，處置場障壁混凝土長期處於此環境下，對混凝土造成劣化以及耐久性的影響非常巨大。
本研究主要探討混凝土材料受氯離子入侵之劣化情形，並使用氯離子濃度門檻值與擴散係數，用於經驗公式中，來預估鋼筋開始腐蝕之時間。以可能使用於高完整性容器之HIC 配比、傳統配合設計方法ACI 配比與緻密配比，進行相關試驗與分析。試驗結果顯示，低水膠比以及添加較多卜作嵐礦物摻料之混凝土內部結構較緻密，導致氯離子擴散係數較小，但氯離子會在混凝土表層持續累積，造成表層氯離子濃度較高。
主要以擴散係數判定混凝土抵抗氯離子入侵之能力，HIC-C 配比和HIC-M配比明顯優於ACI 配比，緻密配比則依據水膠比的不同，抵抗能力也不同。為推估氯離子入侵，造成鋼筋保護層破裂，造成腐蝕時間，以亂數理論配合經驗公式推估預測，推估出鋼筋開始腐蝕之時間。

摘要(英)

The barriers of facilities which dispose wastes with low radioactivity are mainly composed of concrete, but unlike the normal purpose of concrete, it should be used for more than several hundred years. However, due to Taiwan’s geographic feature- island, the sites of such facilities are mostly placed in marine environment, which will cause immense influences on the degradation and durability of concrete over a long period of time.
This research aims on studying the degradation level of concrete while percolated by chloride ions, through using diffusion coefficient and threshold chloride concentration in empirical formulas, along with doing relative tests and analyses with HIC, ACI, to predict the time when reinforcing steel starts to be corroded. According to the test result, the internal structure of concrete which has low W/B or is blended with pozzolanic materials is comparatively denser, leading to the low diffusion coefficient of chloride ions. But chloride ions may constantly accumulate on the surface of concrete, setting up a high concentration chloride profile.
By using diffusion coefficient to determine the ability of concrete to resist chloride penetration, research consequence reveals that HIC-C and HIC-M result is preeminent compared with ACI in an obvious way. On the other hand, owing to the fact that concrete’s changes with W/B, the resistant ability of concrete changes too. Random. number and empirical formulas are used to predict the time to corrosion initiation while chloride ions percolate and start to destroy the reinforcing steel’s barrier function.

關鍵字(中)

★ 擴散係數
★ 氯離子

關鍵字(英)

★ diffusion coefficient
★ chloride ions

論文目次

目錄 i
圖目錄 iii
表目錄 v
第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究背景及目的 1
1.3研究方法及內容 3
第二章文獻回顧 4
2.1 低放射性廢棄物最終處置設施 4
2.2 氯離子侵蝕 8
2.2.1 離子的擴散機制 8
2.2.2氯離子於混凝土內部之型態 10
2.2.3氯離子入侵之模式 12
2.2.4卜作嵐材料對抵抗氯離子入侵之影響 12
2.2.5孔隙結構對混凝土之影響 13
2.2.6 佛萊第鹽類(Friedel’s salt)對氯離子影響 16
2.2.7氯離子擴散係數與濃度 16
2.2.8氯離子濃度門檻值 19
2.3 鋼纖維混凝土特性 22
2.4 鋼筋混凝土腐蝕推估 26
2.4.1 程式Life-365概述 27
2.4.2 程式4SIGHT概述 30
2.4.3亂數模擬分析概述 33
第三章實驗計畫 36
3.1 實驗材料 36
3.2 主要實驗設備 41
3.3.1 實驗流程 43
3.3.2 實驗變數 46
3.3.3 實驗方法 49
第四章實驗結果與分析 53
4.1 氯離子入侵濃度量測及分析 53
4.1.1 不同配比混凝土之濃度剖面 54
4.1.2 非線性迴歸分析氯離子表面濃度與擴散係數 61
4.2 鋼筋混凝土腐蝕推估 75
4.2.1 ACI配比信賴度分析與亂數模擬 76
4.2.2 緻密配比信賴度分析與亂數模擬 84
4.3.3 HIC-C配比信賴度分析與亂數模擬 89
4.3 氯離子侵蝕年限推估 93
4.3.1 ACI服務年限推估 93
4.3.2 緻密配比服務年限推估 96
4.3.3 HIC-C配比服務年限推估 97
第五章結論與建議 100
5.1 結論 100
5.2 建議 102
參考文獻 103
附錄 109

參考文獻

王茂齡(1987)，輸送現象，高立圖書有限公司。
行政院原子能委員會，http://www.aec.gov.tw/。
行政院環境保護署全國環境水質監測資訊網，http://wqshow.epa.gov.tw/。
台灣電力股份有限公司(2007)，低放射性廢棄物最終處置計畫書(修訂版)。
台灣電力股份有限公司(2008)，蘭嶼貯存場貯存設施十年再評估報告。
台灣電力股份有限公司(2011)，核能後端營運處蘭嶼貯存場99年運轉年報。
交通部(2004)，交通設施鋼筋混凝土結構物劣化診斷評估與修補規範草案之建立-（RC橋樑）（二）。
黃兆龍(1999)，混凝土性質與行為，詹氏書局。
趙國藩、彭少民、黃承達(1999)，鋼纖維混凝土結構，中國建築工業出版社。
陳順宇、郭碧娥(2004)，統計學，華泰書局。
林惠玲、陳正倉(2007)，統計學-方法與應用，雙葉書廊有限公司。
盧秉瑋(2006)，「混凝土工程障壁之氯離子及失鈣劣化行為」，碩士論文，國立中央大學土木工程研究所，中壢。
邱怡瑄(2009)，「低放處置場工程障壁之溶出失鈣及劣化敏感度分析」，碩士論文，國立中央大學土木工程研究所，中壢。
陳仕豪(2010)，「氯離子入侵混凝土之擴散係數時間效應與飛灰之影響」，碩士論文，國立中央大學土木工程研究所，中壢。
羅欣蕙（2011），「低放射性廢棄物障壁混凝土受氯離子入侵之劣化及預估研究」，碩士論文，國立中央大學土木工程研究所，中壢。
4SIGHT (URL)：http://concrete.nist.gov/4sight/.
DataFit (URL)：http://www.curvefitting.com/.
Life-365 (URL)：http://www.life-365.org/.
Ahmad, S. (2003), “Reinforcement corrosion in concrete structures, its monitoring and service life prediction–a review,”, Cement and Concrete Composites, Vol. 25, pp. 459-471.
Bazant, Z. P. (1979a), “Physical Model for Steel Corrosion in Concrete Sea Structures Theory,” Journal of Structural Division , Vol. 105 , No. ST6 , ASCE , pp. 1137-1153.
Bazant, Z. P. (1979b), “Physical Model for Steel Corrosion in Concrete Sea Structures Theory,” Journal of Structural Division , Vol. 105 , No. ST6 , ASCE , pp. 1155-1166.
Brandt, A. M. (1995), Cement-based Composites: Material, Mechanical Properties and Performance., E & FN SPON, U. K..
Boddy Andrea, Bentz Evan, Thomas, M. D. A., and, Hooton, R. D. (1999), “An overview and sensitivity study of a multimechanistic chloride transport model,” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 29, pp. 827-837.
Bai, J., Wild, S., and Sabir, B. B. (2003), ”Chloride ingress and strength loss in concrete with different PC-PFA-MK binder compositions exposed to synthetic seawater,” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 33, pp.353-362.
Granju, J. L. and Balouch, S. U. (2005), “Corrosion of steel fibre reinforced concrete from the cracks,” , Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 35, pp. 572-577.
Balouch, S. U., Forth, J. P., Granju, J. L. (2010), “Surface corrosion of steel fibre reinforced concrete,” , Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 40, pp. 410-414.
Gang Lin, Yinghua Liu, Zhihai Xiang (2010), “Numerical modeling for predicting service life of reinforced concrete structures exposed to chloride environments,’’ , Cement and Concrete Composites, Vol. 32, pp. 571–579.
Haj-Ali, R. M., Kurtis, K. G. and Sthapit, A. R. (2001), “Neural Network Modeling of Concrete Expansion during Long-Term Sulfate Exposure,” , ACI Materials Journal, Vol. 98, pp.36-43.
Jieting Zhang, Zoubir Lounis (2009), “Nonlinear relationships between parameters of simplified diffusion-based model for service life design of concrete structures exposed to chlorides,” , Cement and Concrete Composites, Vol. 31, pp. 591–600.
Kouloumbi, N. G., Batis, and Pantazopoulou, P. (1995), “Efficiency of Natural Greek Pozzolan in Chloride Induced Corrosion of Steel Reinforcement,”, Cement, Concrete Aggregates, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 18-25.
Liu, Y. and Weyers, R. E. (1998), “Modeling the Time-to-Corrosion Cracking in Chloride Contaminated Reinforced Concrete Structures,” ACI Materials Journal, Vol. 95, No.6, pp. 675-681.
Leng, F., Feng, N., and Lu, X. (2000), “An experimental study on the properties of resistance to diffusion of chloride ions of fly ash and blast furnace salg concrete,” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 30, pp. 989-992.
Mehta, P. K. (1986), Concrete Structure Properties and Materials., Prentice Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, U.S.A..
Nilsson, L., Poulsen, E., Sandberg, P. H., Sorensen, E., and Klinghoffer, O. (1996), “Chloride penetration into concrete, state-of-the-art, transport processes, corrosion initiation, test methods and prediction models,” The Road Directorate, Copenhagen.
Reddy, B., Glass, G. K., Lim, P. J., Buenfeld, N. R., (2002), “On the corrosion risk presented by chloride bound in concrete,” , Cement and Concrete Composites, Vol. 24, pp. 1-5.
Seatta, A. V., Scotta, R. V., and Vitaliani, R. V. (1993), “Analysis of Chloride Diffusion Into Partially Saturated Concrete,” ACI Material, Vol. 90, No. 5, pp. 441-451.
Suryavanshi, A. K., Scantlebury, J. D. and Lyon, S. B. (1996), “Mechanism of Friedel’s salt formation in cement rich in tri-calcium aluminate,” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 26, pp. 717-727.
Sherman, R. M., David, M. B., and Pfeifer, D. W. (1996), “Durability aspects of precast prestressed Concrete-Part 1 and 2,” Journal of PCI, Vol. 41, No. 4, pp. 60-64.
Stanish, K. D., Hooton, R. D., and Thomas, M. D. A. (2000), “Testing the chloride penetration resistance of concrete：a literature review.” Federal Highway Administration.
Seng, C. K. and Hong, Z. M. (2002), “Water permeability and chloride penetrability of high-strength lightweight aggregate concrete,” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 32, pp. 639-645.
Tuutti, K. (1982), Corrosion of Steel in Concrete., Swedish Cement and Concrete Research Institute, Stockholm.
Tuutti, K. (1993), Concrete 2000., E and FN Spon, London.
Thomas, M. D. A., Shehata, M. H., Shashiprakash, S. G., Hopkins, D. S., and Cail, K. (1999), “Use of ternary cementitious systems containing silica funme and fly ash in concrete,’’ , Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 29, pp. 1207-1214.
Tritthart, J. and Cavlek, K. (2000), “Determination of total and free chloride in cement paste and concrete,” RILEM Proceedings, Pro 19, pp.429-437.
Uhlig, H. H., and Revie, R. W. (1991), Corrosion and Corrosion Control, Third Edition, pp. 90-122.
Young, J. F., Mindess, S., and Darwin, D. (2002), Concrete, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, U.S.A..
Zhang, J. Z., McLaughlin, I. M., and Buenfeld, N. R. (1998), “Modelling of Chloride Diffusion into Surface-treated Concrete,” , Cement and Concrete Composites, Vol. 20, pp. 253-261.
Zibara, H. R., Perezfki, B., Hooton, D. M., and Thomas, M. D. A. (2000), ”A study of the effect of chloride binding on service life predictions,” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 30, pp. 1215-1223.

指導教授

黃偉慶(Wei-Hsing Huang)

審核日期

2012-7-19

推文