Mn對含鐵A356鑄造鋁合金機械性質之影響

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姓名

徐啓富(Chi-Fu Hsu) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

機械工程學系

論文名稱

Mn對含鐵A356鑄造鋁合金機械性質之影響
(Effects of Mn on mechanical properties of A356 alloys containing Fe)

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摘要(中)

A356鋁合金為一可熱處理型鑄造鋁合金，因其具有良好之流動性、磨耗性與焊接性等優點，已被廣泛應用於航空與汽車工業，然而A356鋁合金中的鐵元素，易與鋁形成β-Al_5 FeSi針狀富鐵相，造成合金機械性質的傷害。
本研究藉由微結構觀察與機械性質試驗，探討不同含量的鐵與錳元素對A356鑄鋁合金(Al-7Si-0.3Mg)機械性質之影響。分別以光學顯微鏡(OM)、電子微探儀(EPMA)及掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)，觀察合金中的微結構變化與破裂斷面。
結果顯示合金中的共晶矽含量與形態，並未因鐵與錳的添加而有差異。而針狀β-Al_5 FeSi富鐵相隨鐵含量的增加而增多且粗大化，導致合金機械性質、尤其是延性的顯著損害。另外錳的添加，可使針狀β-Al_5 FeSi富鐵相轉變為多邊型α-Al15(Fe,Mn)3Si2富鐵相，可有效改善合金機械性質、提升延性。此外，合金中鐵含量愈高，所需添加之錳含量亦須提高，才能達到改善效果。

摘要(英)

A356　aluminum　alloy　is　a　heat　treatment　type　cast aluminum　alloy,　with　excellent　casting　characteristics、resistance　to　corrosion　and　good weldability,　have　been　widely　used　in　aircraft　and automotive　industry.
Iron　is　the　most　common　and　harmful　impurity　in A356　aluminium　alloys　forming　acicular　form　of　β-Al5FeSi　iron　intermetallic　phase,　which　is　detrimental　to the　mechanical　properties.
In　this　study,　the　effect　of　Mn　and　Fe　on mechanical　properties　of　A356　alloys　by　used microstructure　observed(OM、EPMA and SEM)　and　mechanical test.
Addition　of　Fe　and　Mn　elements　has　no　obviously influence　on　the　type　and　amount　of　eutectic　silicon　in　A356　alloy.　Increasement　of　Fe　content　in　A356 alloy,　which　amount　and　size　increase　with　increasing　Fe　content.　And　lead　to　the　decline　of　mechanical properties.　Addition　of　Mn　change　the　morphology　of β-Al5FeSi　acicular　iron　intermetallic　phase　to　α-Al15(Fe,Mn)3Si12　polyhedral　form　leading　to　significant　improvement　in　mechanical　properties.

關鍵字(中)

★ A356合金
★ 富鐵相
★ 機械性質

關鍵字(英)

★ A356 alloys
★ Iron intermetallic
★ Mechanical proper

論文目次

總目錄
中文摘要…………………………………………………………Ⅰ
英文摘要…………………………………………………………II
致謝………………………………………………………………III
總目錄……………………………………………………………IV
圖目錄……………………………………………………………VI
表目錄……………………………………………………………VII
一、前言與文獻回顧……………………………………………1
1.1 A356(Al-7Si-0.3Mg)合金簡介…….…..………………1
1.2 元素添加對鋁合金影響………………….……………..3
1.2.1 矽對鋁合金之機械性質影響………………….….3
1.2.2 鎂對鋁合金之影響………………………………..4
1.2.3 鐵對鋁合金之影響………………………………..4
1.2.4 中和劑對鋁合金之機械性質影響………………..5
1.2.4-(1) 鉻、鈹與鈷等中和劑對鋁合金機械性質影響 5
1.2.4-(2) 錳對鋁合金機械性質影響………………….. 5
1.2.5 改良劑對鋁矽合金之機械性質影響…………….. 6
1.3 鋁合金常用之熱處理製程……………………………...7
1.4 實驗動機與目的……………………………...........9
二、實驗方法…………………………..………………………10
2.1 合金配置與鑄造…………………………………… 10
2.2 熱處理製程………………………………………… 12
2.3 微結構觀察…………………….……………………12
2.3.1 金相觀察(OM) ……….………………………12
2.3.2 影像分析……….…………………………… 12
2.3.3 場發射電子微探儀分析(EPMA) …………… 13
2.3.4 掃瞄式電子顯微鏡(SEM) ……………………13
2.4 機械性質分析……………………………………… 13
2.4.1 硬度試驗(Hardness, HRF)………………… 13
2.4.2 拉伸試驗(Tensile Test) ………………… 14
三、結果與討論…………………………………………………16
3.1 微結構分析……………………….…………………16
3.1.1 光學顯微鏡觀察與電子微探儀分析….…… 16
3.2 機械性質試驗………………….……………………28
3.2.1 硬度試驗……………….…………………… 28
3.2.2 拉伸試驗…………….……………………… 30
四、結論…………………………………………………..……34
五、參考資料…………………………………………………..35
圖目錄
圖1.1 鋁矽合金二元相圖………………...................2
圖1.2 錳添加於A356-0.2Fe之富鐵相形態變化……………….6
圖1.3 錳添加於含鐵Al-Si合金之鑄態微結構…………………6
圖2.1 金屬模具圖……………………………………………….11
圖2.2 鑄件取樣示意圖………………………………………….11
圖2.3 ASTM B557M標準拉伸試片規格………………………. 15
圖3.1 A356鋁合金(Al-7Si-0.3Mg)之鑄態微結構圖………….17
圖3.2 A356鋁合金(Al-7Si-0.3Mg)之T6熱處理微結構圖…… 19
圖3.3 A356鋁合金(Al-7Si-0.3Mg)之鑄態微結構圖………… 26
圖3.4 A356鋁合金(Al-7Si-0.3Mg)之拉伸試棒破斷面微結構
圖………………………………………………………… 33
表目錄
表1.1 鋁矽合金各類性質比較………………………………….2
表1.2 A356合金鑄造凝固過程之化合物析出順序…………...3
表1.3 鋁合金基本熱處理製程代號與定義…………………….8
表2.1 Al-7Si-0.3Mg合金之元素成份表……………………….11
表3.1 A356鋁合金(Al-7Si-0.3Mg)之共晶矽影像分析結果….21
表3.2 A356鋁合金(Al-7Si-0.3Mg)之富鐵相影像分析結果….24
表3.3 A356鋁合金(Al-7Si-0.3Mg)之富鐵相成份分析……….27
表3.4 A356鋁合金(Al-7Si-0.3Mg)之機械性質彙整表……….29

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指導教授

李勝隆(Sheng-Long Lee)

審核日期

2012-8-22

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