碎形理論應用在質子交換膜燃料電池中氣體擴散層熱傳導係數之研究

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偕鶴齡(Jie Hao-Ling) 查詢紙本館藏

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能源工程研究所

論文名稱

碎形理論應用在質子交換膜燃料電池中氣體擴散層熱傳導係數之研究
(Application of fractal theory to the effective thermal conductivity of the gas diffusion layer of PEM fuel cell)

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摘要(中)

本研究將碎形理論與熱傳導模型結合並預測燃料電池中的氣體擴散層之熱傳導係數，以實驗值與預測值相互驗證，探討氣體擴散層於不同施加壓力和有無PTFE、MPL的情況下，對熱傳導係數的影響。
以碎形熱傳導模型預測Toray公司的TGP-H-090、TGP-H-090-20碳紙和SIGRACET® 35BC氣體擴散層之預測值分別為1.77 Wm^(-1) K^(-1)、1.54~2.4 Wm^(-1) K^(-1)和0.62 Wm^(-1) K^(-1)，反映樣貌和內部構造改變造成的物理性質差異，近似真實物理現象。
本研究根據ASTM D5470標準自製之熱傳導量測儀器進行實驗，操作溫度設定為50℃，施加壓力0.72~1.39 MPa，在量測樣本中，Toray公司的TGP-H-090的熱傳導係數為1.02~1.31 Wm^(-1) K^(-1)，TGP-H-090-20則是0.86~1.08 Wm^(-1) K^(-1)，隨著施加壓力增加，熱傳導係數提高，TGP-H-090-20塗佈自製MPL，在施加壓力0.72~1.16 MPa下為0.67~0.81 Wm^(-1) K^(-1)，而SIGRACET® 35BC在壓力0.94 MPa則是0.32 Wm^(-1) K^(-1)，實驗數據雖低於大部分學者之實驗值，但趨勢上符合加入PTFE和MPL會使得熱傳導係數下降。

摘要(英)

The fractal theory is combined with thermal conductivity model to predict the effective thermal conductivity, keff, of the gas diffusion layer (GDL) of proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The predicted values are compared with experimental results. In addition, effects of compression, PTFE loading and the addition of microporous layer (MPL) on the effective thermal conductivity are also investigated.
Using the fractal thermal conductivity model, keff is predicted as1.77 Wm^(-1) K^(-1),1.54 ~ 2.4 Wm^(-1) K^(-1) and 0.62 Wm^(-1) K^(-1) for Toray’s TGP-H-090 and TGP-H-090-20 carbon paper and SIGRACET®’s 35BC GDL, respectively. These values agree with literature values. One advantage of the present model is the ability to reflect the change in keff caused by surface and internal structure differences.
Furthermore, an experimental instrument based on ASTM standard D5470 is built and used to determine the through-plane thermal conductivity of GDL. The average temperature of test specimen is 50 ℃ and the compression pressure is between 0.72 ~ 1.39 MPa. keff is in the range of 1.02~1.31 Wm^(-1) K^(-1) for TGP-H-090, and 0.86 ~ 1.08 Wm^(-1) K^(-1) for TGP-H-090-20. keff increases with compression pressure. The keff of TGP-H-090-20 containing MPL is 0.67~0.81 Wm^(-1) K^(-1) under 0.72~1.16 MPa. The keff of 35BC is 0.32 Wm^(-1) K^(-1) under 0.94 MPa. Coating PTFE or adding MPL results in a decrease in keff.

關鍵字(中)

★ 碎形理論
★ 熱傳導係數
★ 氣體擴散層
★ 燃料電池

關鍵字(英)

★ Fractal theory
★ Thermal conductivity
★ Gas diffusion layer
★ Fuel cell

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstracts ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 ix
符號說明 x
第一章緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 燃料電池簡介 2
1-2-1 液態電解質燃料電池 2
1-2-2 固態電解質燃料電池 2
1-3 質子交換膜燃料電池 3
1-3-1 質子交換膜燃料電池構造及原理 3
1-3-2 燃料電池的極化現象 4
1-3-3 開路電壓(Open Circuit Voltage, OCV) 5
1-4 研究目的 6
第二章文獻回顧 10
2-1 多孔材的熱傳導模型 10
2-1-1 MG model 和 Bruggerman model 10
2-1-2 Layer model 和 Geometric mean model 11
2-1-3 其他模型 12
2-2 碎形理論應用在多孔材 14
2-2-1. 碎形理論應用在多孔材的滲透率 14
2-2-2. 碎形理論應用在多孔材的熱傳導率 16
2-3 熱傳導係數量測實驗 18
第三章碎形理論分析 22
3-1 碎形理論簡介 22
3-1-1 歐式幾何體與碎形幾何體 22
3-1-2 碎形的特徵 24
3-1-3 碎形的種類 25
3-2 自我相似維度和盒子維度 27
3-2-1 自我相似維度 27
3-2-2 盒子維度 29
3-3 實驗方法 32
3-3-1 影像擷取 32
3-3-2 影像分析 32
3-3-3 碎形維度帶入熱傳導模型 33
3-4 氣體擴散層與微孔層之碎形熱傳導方程式 34
3-4-1 碎形熱傳導方程式之並聯模型 34
3-4-2 MPL之最大孔徑 38
第四章實驗量測 41
4-1 實驗設備 41
4-2 熱傳導量測儀器之測試原理 45
4-3 熱阻分析 46
4-4 熱傳導儀器之實驗步驟 47
4-5 GDL的形態特徵 49
第五章結果與討論 51
5-1 氣體擴散層之熱傳導量測實驗結果 52
5-1-1 壓力與PTFE對氣體擴散層的熱傳導係數之關係 54
5-1-2 MPL對於熱傳導係數的影響 57
5-2 碎形理論應用於氣體擴散層之熱傳導係數 59
5-3 氣體擴散層之碎形熱傳導模型探討 66
第六章結論與未來方向 75
參考文獻 77
附錄一 83
附錄二 84
附錄三 89

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指導教授

曾重仁(Chung-jen Tseng)

審核日期

2013-1-29

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