鈧對Al-7Si-0.6Mg合金機械性質影響

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蔡沐霖(Mu-Lin Tsai) 查詢紙本館藏

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材料科學與工程研究所

論文名稱

鈧對Al-7Si-0.6Mg合金機械性質影響
(Effect of Sc on the mechanical properties in Al-7Si-0.6Mg alloys)

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摘要(中)

鐵為鋁合金中常見之雜質元素，於鑄造冷卻過程中，與鋁形成針狀β-Al5FeSi富鐵相，造成合金之延性損害。A357合金(Al-7Si- 0.6Mg-0.05Be)含有微量鈹，能使針狀富鐵相，轉變為對延性較無害之節球形富鐵相，但因鈹有毒性屬於致癌物質，工業使用上仍受限制。
藉由微結構觀察與機械性質試驗，添加鈧於Al-7Si-0.6Mg合金中，結果顯示鈧能使針狀β-Al5FeSi富鐵相，轉變為細小圓球狀的Sc-Fe富鐵相(Al12Si6Fe2(Mg,Sc)5)。此Sc-Fe富鐵相相較於β-Al5FeSi富鐵相，有較低之硬度與彈性模數，較不易形成裂縫起始點，且其圓球形態能降低對鋁湯流動阻礙，於合金由融溶態凝固時，能有效減少樹枝晶間縮孔的產生。當添加0.04與0.12 wt.% Sc於Al-7Si-0.6Mg合金中，鈧能使合金之延性分別提升115與110%，品質指標分別增加17與19%，破裂韌性之NYR亦分別提升9與12%。因此Al-7Si-0.6Mg合金能藉由鈧來改善其機械性質。

摘要(英)

Iron　is　the　most　deleterious　impurity　in　aluminum　alloys.　Iron　tend　to　combine　with　aluminum　to　form　acicular　β-Al5FeSi　phases　which　induce ductility　damage　during　solidification　of molten　metal.　It can　be　found　shape　of　acicular　iron-bearing　transform　into　nodular　iron-bearing　in　A357　alloys(Al-7Si-0.6Mg-0.05Be).　Because　beryllium　belong　to　carcinogenic　substance,　which　used　limited　in　industry.
According　to　microstructure　observation　and　mechanical　test,　found　that　the　shape　of　acicular β-Al5FeSi　phase　transform　into　tiny　globular　Sc-Fe phase(Al12Si6Fe2(Mg,Sc)5)　after　scandium　addition　in　Al-7Si-0.6Mg　alloys.　Hardness　and　elastic　modulus　of　Sc-Fe　phase　is　lower　than　β-Al5FeSi　phase,　make　it　difficult　to　become　crack　initiation　in　the　Al matrix.　Moreover,　globular　shape　of　iron-bearing phase　can　improve　fluidity,　cause　the　intradendritic　shrinkage　could　be　reduced　during　solidification.　When　Al-7Si-0.6Mg　alloys　contain　0.04　and　0.12　wt.%　Sc,　elongation　increased　115　and　110%,　quality index　promote　17　and　19%,　NYR　of　fracture　toughness　increased　9　and　12%,　respectively.　As　a　result,　mechanical　properties　of　Al-7Si-0.6Mg　alloys　can　be　advanced　by　adding　scandium.

關鍵字(中)

★ 鈧元素
★ 富鐵相
★ 機械性質
★ A357合金
★ Al-7Si-0.6Mg合金

關鍵字(英)

★ Al-7Si-0.6Mg alloy
★ A357 alloy
★ scandium
★ iron-bearing
★ mechanical propesties

論文目次

摘要………………………………………………………………… Ⅰ
Abstract…………………………………………………………… Ⅱ
致謝………………………………………………………………… III
總目錄……………………………………………………………… IV
圖目錄……………………………………………………………… VI
表目錄……………………………………………………………… VIII
一、前言與文獻回顧……………………………………………… 1
1.1 Al-7Si-0.6Mg合金簡介………………………………………1
1.2 元素添加之影響………………………………………………3
1.2.1 鈧對鋁合金之影響.…………………………………………3
1.2.1-(1) 再結晶溫度…………………………………………… 4
1.2.1-(2) 晶粒細化……………………………………………… 5
1.2.1-(3) 提升機械性質………………………………………… 6
1.2.1-(4) 其它…………………………………………………… 9
1.2.2 矽對鋁合金之影響……………………………………… 9
1.2.3 鎂對鋁合金之影響……………………………………… 9
1.2.4 鐵對鋁合金之影響..…………………………………… 10
1.2.5 中和劑對鋁合金之機械性質影響……………………… 10
1.2.5-(1) 錳、鈷等中和劑對鋁合金機械性質影響…………… 10
1.2.5-(2) 鈹對鋁合金機械性質影響…………………………… 11
1.2.6 改良劑對鋁矽合金之機械性質影響……………………… 11
1.3 鋁合金常用之熱處理製程………………………………… 12
1.4 材料之破裂機制…………………………………………… 13
1.5 實驗動機與目的…………………………………………… 14
二、實驗步驟與方法……………………………………………… 16
2.1合金配置與鑄造.……………………………………………… 16
2.2 熱處理製程…………………………………………………… 18
2.3 機械性質試驗………………………………………………… 18
2.3.1 硬度試驗…………………………………………………… 18
2.3.2 拉伸試驗…………………………………………………… 18
2.3.3 奈米壓痕試驗……………………………………………… 19
2.3.4 凹痕拉伸試驗……………………………………………… 19
2.4 微結構觀察…………………………………………………… 20
2.4.1 光學顯微鏡………………………………………………… 20
2.4.2 掃描式電子顯微鏡………………………………………… 20
2.4.3場發射電子微探儀………………………………………… 20
2.4.4導電度量測………………………………………………… 21
2.4.5示差掃描熱量計…………………………………………… 21
三、結果與討論…..……………………………………………… 22
3.1 微結構分析………………….……………………………… 22
3.1.1 光學顯微鏡觀察與電子微探儀分析…………………… 22
3.1.2 DSC(Differential Scanning Calorimetry)試驗………33
3.1.3 導電度試驗………………………………………………… 36
3.2 機械性質試驗……………………………………………… 38
3.2.1 硬度試驗………………………………………………… 38
3.2.2 拉伸試驗………………………………………………… 40
3.2.3 凹痕拉伸試驗…………………………………………… 46
四、結論…………………………………………………………… 48
五、參考文獻……………………………………………………… 50

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指導教授

李勝隆(Sheng-long Lee)

審核日期

2012-8-9

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