中國大陸薪資不均、教育溢酬與貿易開放關係之研究

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黃筱彤(HSIAO-TUNG HUANG) 查詢紙本館藏

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經濟學系

論文名稱

中國大陸薪資不均、教育溢酬與貿易開放關係之研究
(The Relationship Between Earnings Inequality, Educational Wage Premium and Trade Openness in China)

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摘要(中)

自1980年代初期改革開放以來，中國各省(市)的勞動薪資不均度(labor earnings inequality)有逐年增加的現象。進一步觀察發現以東部地區勞動薪資不均程度的成長最為快速，至2000年之後，東部地區已成為勞動薪資不均程度最高的地區。本文利用中國家庭收支調查(China Household Income Project; CHIP) 1988、1995、2002三年的個體問卷資料，分別從地方特徵因素、貿易面因素、技能偏向技術變動及總體景氣狀況等因素解釋造成勞動薪資不均擴大的原因。實證結果發現於1988至2002年間造成中國各省(市)勞動薪資不均程度提升的因素主要來自教育溢酬的增加，並且證實在貿易開放度(trade openness)的擴增與中國經濟高度成長之際，進口總額的累積和外人直接投資(FDI)的流入確實會造成各省(市)教育溢酬的成長，進而導致勞動薪資不均度增加的現象。

摘要(英)

The phenomenon of earnings inequality in urban China has become more serious since early 1980s, after China’s economic reforms. By investigating the tendency of earnings inequality, it is observed that changes in earnings inequality in east coastal towns were most significant with which have been the highest across all resions in China after the year of 2000.
In this study, we employ three years micro survey data on 1988, 1995 and 2002 from China Household Income Project (CHIP), aiming at exploring to what extents the local characteristics , free trade ,skill biased technological change and business cycle impact earnings inequality. Empirical results show that the increase in educational wage premium is the main factor driving earnings inequality during the study time periods. In addition, we also found that the expansion of trade openness, high economic performance, total imports and the inflow of FDI had brought about the growth of educational premium, which in turn leads to the significant rises in earnings inequality.

關鍵字(中)

★ 中國
★ 技能溢酬
★ 勞動薪資不均
★ 外人直接投資
★ 技能偏向的技術轉變

關鍵字(英)

★ labor earnings inequality
★ FDI
★ skill biased technological change
★ skill premium
★ China

論文目次

目錄
頁次
中文摘要………………………………………………………i
英文摘要………………………………………………………ii
誌謝……………………………………………………………iii
目錄……………………………………………………………iv
圖目錄…………………………………………………………vi
表目錄…………………………………………………………vii
第一章前言……………………………………………………1
第二章背景介紹………………………………………………4
2.1勞動薪資不均的發展趨勢－大專以上教育溢酬、白領階層薪資溢酬的討論..8
2.2 貿易制度的發展與勞動薪資不均的關係……………13.
第三章文獻回顧………………………………………………14
第四章實證模型設立與分析…………………………………20
4.1兩要素固定替代彈性生產函數……………………….20
4.2資料來源與變數定義………………………………….24
4.2.1 資料來源……………………………………….24
4.2.2 變數定義……………………………………….26
4.3 追蹤資料型態的整理與檢定…………………………30
第五章實證結果分析…………………………………………31
5.1 敘述統計…………………………………………….31
5.2迴歸式估計與結果分析………………………………33
5.2.1勞動薪資溢酬－大專以上教育的薪資溢酬(教育溢酬)33
5.2.1-1總體景氣與貿易因素對教育溢酬的影響….33
5.2.1-2 SBTC對教育溢酬的影響…..………………36
5.2.1-3地方特徵因素對教育溢酬的影響………….39
5.2.1-4 地理位置對教育溢酬的影響………………40
5.2.2勞動薪資溢酬－白領階層的薪資溢酬……….41
5.2.1-1總體景氣與貿易因素對白領薪資溢酬的影響42
5.2.1-2 SBTC對白領薪資溢酬的影響……………….44
5.2.1-3地方特徵因素對白領薪資溢酬的影響………44
5.2.1-4 地理位置對白領薪資溢酬的影響………….47
5.3 Mincerian 薪資收入決定函數…………………….48
第六章結論…………………………………………………...55
6.1研究結果與發現……………………………………….55
6.2研究限制與建議……………………………………….56
參考文獻…………………………………………………………57
中文部分……………………………………………………….57
英文部分……………………………………………………….57
附錄………………………………………………………………61
【附表一】CHIP1988、1995、2002三年各省(市)受高低教育人數61
【附表二】CHIP1988、1995、2002三年各省(市)白領、藍領人數62
【附表三】90年代中期之後各省(市)教育經費占國家財政教育經費63
【附表四】CHIP1988、1995、2002三年職業分類……………64
【附表五】教育報酬變化趨勢…………………………………65
【附表六】大專以上教育報酬變化趨勢………………………66
【附表七】各省(市)教育溢酬三年迴歸式……………………67
【附表八】各省(市)白領階層薪資溢酬三年迴歸式…………68

參考文獻

參考文獻
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指導教授

黃麗璇(Li-hsuan Huang)

審核日期

2012-6-29

推文