以等震度與等母體數建立建築物易損曲線─以集集地震為例

以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

、勘誤回報

、線上人數：34

、訪客IP：3.129.42.198

姓名

羅啟源(Chi-Yuan Lo) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

以等震度與等母體數建立建築物易損曲線─以集集地震為例

相關論文

★ 花蓮溪安山岩含量之悲極效應研究	★ 層狀岩盤之承載力
★ 海岸山脈安山岩之鹼-骨材反應特性及抑制方法	★ 集集大地震罹難者居住建築物特性調查分析
★ 岩石三軸室應變量測改進	★ 傾斜互層地層之承載力分析
★ 花蓮溪安山岩骨材之鹼反應行為及抑制方法	★ 混成岩模型試體製作與體積比量測
★ 台灣骨材鹼反應潛能資料庫建置	★ 平台式掃描器在影像擷取及長度量測之應用
★ 溫度及鹽水濃度對壓實膨潤土回脹性質之影響	★ 鹼骨材反應引致之破裂行為
★ 巨觀等向性混成岩製作表面影像與力學性質	★ 膨潤土與花崗岩碎石混合材料之熱傳導係數
★ 邊坡上基礎承載力之數值分析	★ 鹼-骨材反應引致裂縫之量測與分析

檔案

[Endnote RIS 格式]

[Bibtex 格式]

[相關文章]

[文章引用]

[完整記錄]

[館藏目錄]

[檢視]

[下載]

本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的，進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定，切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送，以免觸法。

摘要(中)

本研究蒐集集集地震建築物震害資料與強地動測站紀錄，利用「等震度」與「等建築物母體數」的概念，透過GIS軟體的運算與分析，以建立不同強地動參數與建築物倒塌率之易損曲線，並以集集地震為模擬地震，進行建築物倒塌分佈之推估及驗證。
在「等震度」方面，分別以PGA, PGV, CAV, AI四種地動參數進行分析。首先利用Kriging內插方法完成全台強地動參數的空間分佈。在「等建築物母體數」則以(1)100,000 (2)50,000 (3)25,000與(4)12,500戶四種尺度進行探討，完成不同的強地動參數與建築物倒塌之易損曲線。另外，將倒塌建築物區分為土塊厝、磚構造、鋼構造、鋼筋混凝土、其它5類，逐一完成各類建築物之易損曲線。
本研究成果顯示：以「等震度」與「等建築物母體數」所獲得之建築物倒塌率與強地動參數的關係，資料點遠較以「行政區」獲得資料點集中，顯示本文提出以「等震度」與「等建築物母體數」的概念合理且可行。當以較小建築物母體數進行分區時，所獲得之資料點較多，建築物整體倒塌趨勢較為明顯。本文利用Logistic與Lognormal CDF方程式對資料點進行迴歸，顯示以 PGA與AI為強地動參數所建立的建築物易損曲線，不僅較高且推估建築物倒塌之空間分佈亦較佳，故建議採用。

摘要(英)

In this research, we collected the building damage data and strong motion data of the Chi-Chi earthquake and proposed the concept of “Iso-seismic intensity” and “Equal buildings intervals”. We construct fragility curves which were relation between strong ground-motion index and building damage rate by the GIS software. Furthermore, we evaluate the distribution of building damage based on the case of the Chi-Chi earthquake.
We used four strong ground motion indices, including PGA, PGV, CAV and AI. The Kriging method is used to obtain spatial distribution of strong ground motion in Taiwan. We used four categories of the Equal buildings intervals to decide the scale of analysis region. Finally, we obtain fragility curves with respect to different strong ground motion indices. Additionally we divided building damage data into the four types, including mud-brick, masonry, reinforced concrete and so on. Then we constructed the fragility curves based on four structural types.
We obtained the relation between strong ground motion indices and building damage rate by the concept of “Iso-seismic intensity” and “Equal buildings intervals”. The results of analyses show that data points are more concentrated than data points obtained by means of analysis of fragility curves based on the unit administrative districts. It appears that the concept we proposed is reasonable and feasible. The smaller equal-buildings intervals we used, the more data point we got. Therefore, the relationship of the building damage rates as function of the strong ground-motion index is apparent. In this research, Logistic and Lognormal CDF functions are used to finish the regression fitting of fragility curves. There are higher values of R2 when we used the indices of PGA and AI to analysis the fragility curves. At the same time, we obtained a good result to the estimation of the number and distribution of damaged buildings caused by the Chi-Chi earthquake. Finally, the fragility curves with respect to PGA and AI are suggested to the evaluation of future earthquake events.

關鍵字(中)

★ 等震度
★ 建築物母體數
★ 強地動參數
★ 易損曲線

關鍵字(英)

★ Iso-seismic intensity
★ Equal buildings intervals
★ strong ground motion index
★ fragility curve

論文目次

目錄 I
圖目錄 III
表目錄 VI
第一章緒論 1
1-1研究動機 1
1-2研究目的 3
第二章文獻回顧 4
2-1 經驗分析法 4
2-2 理論分析法 13
第三章研究方法 16
3-1 研究背景 16
3-2 分析原理 18
3-3 資料蒐集 19
3-3-1 地震測站資料蒐集與建置 19
3-3-2 建築物倒塌資料蒐集與建置 25
3-4 應用軟體之選用與介紹 29
3-4-1 地理資訊系統介紹 29
3-4-2 Surfer 32
3-5 分析流程 34
3-5-1 建立強地動參數之空間分佈 35
3-5-2 強地動參數空間分佈之地理資訊 37
3-5-3 建立易損曲線 ?40
第四章易損曲線之建立 43
4-1 以行政區為分析單位建立易損曲線 43
4-2 以近似震度之行政區為分析單位建立易損曲線 46
4-3 以「等震度」與「等母體數」建立建築物易損曲線 49
4-3-1 建築物母體數之選取 51
4-3-2 迴歸方程式之類型 55
4-3-3 地震測站資料之篩選 63
4-3-4 不同強地動參數之易損曲線 67
4-3-5 不同建築物類型之易損曲線 80
第五章建築物倒塌之推估與驗證─以集集地震為例 92
5-1 以等震度與等母體數建立之易損曲線推估結果 93
5-1-1 不同強地動參數推估情形之比較 93
5-1-2 建築物分類與未分類推估結果之比較 104
5-2 以鄉鎮為分析單位建立之易損曲線推估結果 119
5-3 易損曲線於地震災損評估之應用 124
第六章結論與建議 127
6-1 結論 127
6-2 建議 128
參考文獻 129
附錄一.....................................................132
附錄二…………………………………………………………………….149
附錄三…………………………………………………………………….165

參考文獻

1. 中央氣象局，921大地震主震資料，網頁資料：http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V4/index.htm
2. 王益良，「集集大地震罹難者居住建築物特性調查分析」，碩士論文，國立中央大學土木工程研究所，桃園 (2001)。
3. 田永銘、白志宏，「以等震度、等人口數建立人員罹難曲線─以集集地震為例」，電子計算機於土木水利工程應用研討會，台南 (2005)。
4. 林宜嫻，「九二一集集大地震序列各地累積絕對速度值(CAV)之研究」，碩士論文，國立中央大學地球物理研究所，桃園 (2001)。
5. 黃高駿，「建築結構受震之損壞曲線」，碩士論文，國立台灣大學土木工程學研究所，台北 (2002)。
6. 黃鈺琳，「台灣強地動地震資料彙整」，碩士論文，國立台灣科技大學營建工程系，台北(2002)。
7. 國家地震工程研究中心，「九二一大地震震災調查總結報告」，台北 (2001)。
8. 國家地震工程研究中心，「國家地震工程研究中心簡訊第四十六期」，台北 (2003)。
9. 曾士賢，「921集集地震汙水管線災損之GIS震害分析」，碩士論文，國立台北科技大學土木與防災研究所，台北 (2001)。
10. 童祥新，「應用地理統計於土壤重金屬汙染物之空間分佈探討」，碩士論文，逢甲大學環境工程與科學學系，台中 (2003)。
11. 蔡博文，新一代地理資訊系統ArcView3.1剖析，固地文化事業有限公司，台北 (1999)。
12. 蕭江碧、田永銘、莊德興、陳建忠、王益良、白志宏，「集集大地震罹難者居住建築物特性調查及統計分析( I )」，內政部建築研究所專題研究計劃成果報告，台北 (2001)。
13. 蕭江碧、田永銘、莊德興、陳建忠、王益良、白志宏，「集集大地震罹難者居住建築物特性調查及統計分析( II )」，內政部建築研究所專題研究計劃成果報告，台北 (2001)。
14. 蕭江碧、李秉乾、周天穎，「九二一大地震建築震害特性分析與統計」，內政部建築研究所專題研究計劃成果報告，台北 (2001)。
15. Bendimerad, F., “Loss estimation: a powerful tool for risk assessment and mitigation,” Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 21, pp. 467-472 (2001).
16. Jang, J.J., and Lee C.S., “A preliminary study of earthquake building damage and life loss due to the Chi-Chi earthquake,” Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, Vol. 25, No. 5, pp. 567-576 (2002).
17. Lee, B.J., Chou, T.Y., Hsiao, C.P., Chung, L.K., Huang, P.H. and Wu, Y.B., “The statistics and analysis of building damage on Chi-Chi earthquake,” Handout of International Training Programs for Seismic Design of Building Structures, Host by National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering, pp. 166-178(2001).
18. Lee, B.J., Chou, T.Y., and Lei, T.C., “Development of hazard damaged buildings model by Chi-Chi earthquake data,”(2003).
19. Lee, B.J., Chou, T.Y., Lei, T.C., Lin J.Y., Wu, C.T., and Huang, P.H., “Study on the seismic building damage assessment model based on the Chi-Chi earthquake damage data:Ⅰ. building damage database,” Journal of the Chinese Institute of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Vol.17, No.1, pp. 121-131 (2005).
20. Lee, B.J., Chou, T.Y., Lei, T.C., Lin J.Y., and Wu, C.T., “Study on the seismic building damage assessment model based on the Chi-Chi earthquake damage data:Ⅱ. fragility curves and seismic building risk analysis,” Journal of the Chinese Institute of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Vol.17, No.2, pp. 293-300 (2005).
21. Julian J. Bommer and Alejandro Mart’inez-Pereira, “The effective duration of earthquake strong motion,” Journal of Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp.127-172(1999).
22. Naeim, F., and Anderson, J., “Classification and evaluation of earthquake records for design,” A Report to Earthquake Engineering Research Institute and Federal Emergency Management Agency (1993).
23. Pai, C.H., Tien, Y.M., and Teng, T.L., “A Method for estimation of death tolls in disastrous earthquake,” 8th U.S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, abstract accepted (2006).
24. Shinozuka, M., Feng, M.Q., Lee, J., and Naganuma, T., “Statistical analysis of fragility curves,” ASCE Journal of Engineering Mechanics, Vol. 126, Issue 12, pp. 1224-1231 (2000).
25. Tien, Y. M., Juang, D.S., Pai, C.H., Hisao, C.P. and Chen, C.J., “Statistical analyses of relation between mortality and building type in the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake,” Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, Vol. 25, No. 5, pp. 577-590 (2002).
26. Tsai, Y.B., Yu, T.M., Chao, H.L., and Lee, C.P., “Spatial distribution and age dependence of human-fatality rates from the Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake of 21 September 1999,” Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Vol. 91, No. 5, pp. 1298-1309 (2001).
27. Wang, G.Q., Zhou, X.Y., Zhang, P.Z., and Igel, H., “Characteristics of amplitude and duration for near fault strong motion from the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan earthquake,” Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 22, pp. 73-96(2002).
28. Wen, K.L., Peng, H.Y., Tsai, Y.B., and Chen, K.C., “Why 1g was recorded at TCU129 site during the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake,” Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Vol. 91, No. 5, pp. 1255-1266(2001).
29. Wu, Y.M., Shin, T.C., and Chang, C.H., “Near real-time mapping of peak ground acceleration and peak ground velocity following a strong earthquake,” Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Vol. 91, No. 5, pp. 1218-1228 (2001).
30. Wu, Y.M., Hsiao, N.C., Teng, T.L., and Shin, T.C., “Near real-time seismic damage assessment of the rapid reporting system,” Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Vol. 13, pp. 313-324(2002).
31. Wu, Y.M., Teng T.L., and Shin T.C., “Relationship between peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, and intensity in Taiwan,” Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Vol. 93, No. 1, pp.386-396 (2003).
32. Yamaguchi, N., and Yamazaki, F., “Fragility curves for building in Japan based on damage surveys after the 1995 KOBE earthquake,” Proceedings of the 12th conference on earthquake engineering, Auckland, New Zealand（2000）.
33. Yamaguchi, N., and Yamazaki, F., “Estimation of strong motion distribution in the 1995 Kobe earthquake based on building damage data,” Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, Vol. 30, pp. 787-801（2001）.

指導教授

田永銘(Yong-Ming Tien)

審核日期

2005-10-24

推文