![]() |
|
以作者查詢圖書館館藏 、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士 、以作者查詢全國書目 、勘誤回報 、線上人數:9 、訪客IP:18.119.106.226
姓名 王德緯(Te-Wei Wang) 查詢紙本館藏 畢業系所 電機工程學系 論文名稱 具能量回送與電量估測之鉛酸電池充電器設計與實現
(Design and Implementation of Lead Acid Batteries Charger with Energy Recovery and SOC Estimation)相關論文 檔案 [Endnote RIS 格式]
[Bibtex 格式]
[相關文章]
[文章引用]
[完整記錄]
[館藏目錄]
[檢視]
[下載]
- 本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
- 已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的,進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
- 請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定,切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送,以免觸法。
摘要(中) 本論文目的在於針對運用在電動車上的密閉式鉛酸電池,設計快速充電器,充電策略採用正負脈衝充電法(Reflex TM)充電,透過短時間大電流放電以提升充電速率,有鑒於傳統正負脈衝充電法使用固定電阻放電,本論文透過全橋式轉換器與反馳式轉換器結合,提出一新型具有高功率快速充電與能量回送之快速充電器,提高整體充電效率,系統能量轉換效率為85%,且其具有功率因數校正能力,使功率因數達到0.99,以落實環保、減少能源的消耗。此外,設計新型模糊電量估測器,以自行設計之標準化電量參數與電壓為輸入值,準確估測電池電量,使快速充電器能快速且有效率的進行充電,電量從0%充電至70%約10分鐘左右。在大電流充電下,使電池不至於充電不足或是過度充電,避免電池壽命減損。系統以模糊理論為基礎,透過數位訊號控制器(dsPIC30F4012)來實現充電系統的控制與電量估測。在快速充電的同時,完成電量估測,達成充電及時估測的目的,並保持估測誤差在可接受的範圍之內(±5%)。本系統亦利用等效內阻估測法來估測電池內阻,再根據內阻的大小自行調節負脈衝的時間,有效地降低充電時電池的溫升,使其控制在8°C以內,以避免損害電池壽命。最後本文利用實驗結果,以驗證系統的性能與估測器的可行性。 摘要(英) This thesis proposes a new rapid charger based on a fuzzy state-of-charge (SOC) estimation in Reflex TM charging method for the sealed lead-acid battery of the electric vehicle (EV). It includes an energy recovery stage which can save energy instead of conventional one which uses static resistance to discharge the batteries. The efficiency of conversion is up to 85% and power factor is up to 0.99. Charging time from SOC 0% to 70% is about 10 minutes. Moreover, this thesis proposes a novel fuzzy SOC estimator which uses normalized parameter and open circuit voltage to estimate SOC of batteries accurately. In the high current charging, the proposed SOC estimation can avoid a situation of undercharge or overcharge; note that the overcharge will shorten the battery lifetime. The charging control and the SOC estimation are based on fuzzy theorem, implemented by a digital signal controller (dsPIC30F6010). The SOC of batteries is estimated while the system is charging the battery and the estimated error is maintained within an acceptable range (±5%). The thermal rise can also limited under 8°C to avoid damaging the batteries. Moreover, this system uses an equivalent internal resistance to calculate the internal resistance of the batteries. During the Reflex TM charging, the controller can self-tune the discharging time according to the internal resistances, which reduces the thermal rises and the lifetimes for the batteries. Finally, experimental results are provided to verify the performance of the system and the feasibility of the proposed SOC estimation in this thesis. 關鍵字(中) ★ 全橋式轉換器
★ 正負脈衝充電法
★ 鉛酸電池
★ 反馳式轉換器
★ 內阻
★ 殘電量關鍵字(英) ★ State of Charge
★ Flyback Converter
★ Full-Bridge Converter
★ Reflex Charger
★ Lead-Acid Battery
★ Internal Resistance論文目次 中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌 謝 iii
目 錄 iv
圖 目 錄 viii
表 目 錄 xii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目標 2
1.3 內容大綱 3
第二章 鉛酸電池簡介與充電方法 4
2.1 電池簡介 4
2.2 電池的組成結構 5
2.2.1 電極 5
2.2.2 電解液 6
2.2.3 隔離板 6
2.2.4 電槽 7
2.3 電池的基本原理與特性 7
2.3.1 充電特性 9
2.3.2 放電特性 11
2.3.3 壽命特性 13
2.4 電池的等效電路 15
2.5 電池的保存方式 16
2.6 電池的充電方式 17
2.6.1 定電壓(Constant Voltage,C.V.)充電法 18
2.6.2 定電流(Constant Current,C.C.)充電法 19
2.6.3 混合型(C.C./C.V.)充電法 19
2.6.4 脈衝式充電法(Pulse Charging) 20
2.6.5 正負脈衝充電法(Reflex TM Charging) 20
第三章 功率級電路原理與分析 22
3.1 前言 22
3.2 功率因數校正電路 22
3.3 快速充電電路 23
3.4 順向功率傳輸模式 25
3.4.1 全橋式轉換器之基本工作原理 27
3.4.2 全橋式轉換器連續導通模式(CCM)之穩態分析 30
3.4.3 全橋式轉換器CCM與DCM之邊界條件 33
3.5 逆向功率傳輸模式 34
3.5.1 反馳式轉換器之基本工作原理 35
3.5.2 反馳式轉換器連續導通模式(CCM)之穩態分析 37
3.5.3 反馳式轉換器CCM與DCM之邊界條件 39
第四章 鉛酸電池的狀態估測 41
4.1 前言 41
4.2 電池內阻的估測方式 41
4.2.1 電壓求取法 42
4.2.2 定電壓源求取法 42
4.2.3 定電流源求取法 43
4.2.4 類似定電流源求取法 43
4.2.5 等效內阻求取法 44
4.3 電池的殘電量估測方式 45
4.3.1 比重計法 46
4.3.2 開路電壓法 46
4.3.3 內阻測定法 47
4.3.4 庫倫量測法 47
4.4 模糊理論估測法 48
4.4.1 模糊化與歸屬函數(Membership Function) 51
4.4.2 模糊規則與模糊推論工廠 53
4.4.3 解模糊化 56
第五章 快速充電器設計與實現 58
5.1 前言 58
5.2 控制板電路 58
5.2.1 控制板電源電路 59
5.2.2 功率開關驅動電路 61
5.2.3 回授電路 62
5.2.4 控制器電路 63
5.3 控制架構與系統軟體流程規劃 64
5.3.1 數位訊號控制器程式 64
5.3.2 電腦端接收程式 66
第六章 模擬與實驗結果 67
6.1 前言 67
6.2 功率因數校正電路 68
6.2.1 電路模擬 68
6.2.2 電路實驗 70
6.3 快速充電電路 72
6.3.1 電路模擬 72
6.3.2 電路實驗 73
6.4 充電實驗 76
6.5 電量估測 79
6.6 充電器實體照片 81
第七章 結論與未來研究方向 83
7.1 結論 83
7.2 未來展望 83
參考文獻 85
附錄A 88
發表著作 89
作者簡介 90參考文獻 [1] P. H. Cheng and C. L. Chen, "High efficiency and nondissipative fast charging strategy," IEE Proc.-Electr. Power Appl., vol. 150, no. 5, pp. 539-545, Sept. 2003.
[2] J. Chiasson and B. Vairamohan, "Estimating the State of Charge of a Battery", IEEE Trans. Contr. Syst. Technology, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 465-470, May 2005.
[3] A. H. Anbuky and P. E. Pascoe, "VRLA Battery State-of-Charge Estimation in Telecommunication Power Systems," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 565-573, June 2000.
[4] YUASA NP series Application Manual, YUASA, INC.
[5] W. B. Burkett, P. Palisades, and R. V. Jackson, “Rapid Charging of Batteries,” U. S. Patent 3,517,293, June 1970.
[6] Y. Podrazhansky and P. W. Popp, “Rapid Battery Charger, Discharger and Conditioner,” U. S. Patent 4,829,225, May 1989.
[7] G. J. Klir. and B. Yuan, Fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic theory and application, Prentice-Hall, 1995.
[8] 李明駿,「鉛酸電池之快速充電技術研究」,國立中央大學,碩士論文,民國92年6月。
[9] 黃聖欽,「具準確電量估測之鉛酸電池快速充電系統」,國立中央大學,碩士論文,民國93年7月。
[10] 孫清華編譯,「可充電電池技術大全」,全華科技圖書,民國九十二年。
[11] J. Hirai, T. W. Kim and A. Kawamura, “Study on Intelligent Battery Charging Using Inductive Transmission of Power and Information,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 15, pp. 335-345, Mar. 2000.
[12] E. M. Valeriote, T. G. Chang and D.M. Jochim, “Fast charging of lead-acid batteries,” in Proc. Battery Conf. Appl. and Advances, pp. 33-38, Jan. 1994.
[13] T. Palanisamy “Charging techniques for a universal lead-acid battery charger,” in Proc. Power Sources Symposium, pp. 72-76, June 1990.
[14] C. C. Hua and M. Y. Lin, “A study of charging control of lead-acid battery for electric vehicles”, in Proc. Ind. Electron., vol. 1, pp. 135-140, Dec. 2000.
[15] W. B. Burkett, P. Palisades, and R. V. Jackson, “Rapid Charging of Batteries,” U. S. Patent 3,517,293, June 1970.
[16] Y. Podrazhansky and P. W. Popp, “Rapid Battery Charger, Discharger and Conditioner,” U. S. Patent 4,829,225, May 1989.
[17] Y. Podrazhansky and P. W. Popp, “Method and Apparatus for Charging, Thawing and Formatting a Battery,” U. S. Patent 5,307,000, Apr. 1994.
[18] S. Moisseev, K. Soshin, S. Sato, L. Gamage and M. Nakaoka, "Novel soft-commutation DC-DC power converter with high-frequency transformer secondary side phase-shifted PWM active rectifier," IEE Proc.-Electr. Power Appl., Vol. 151, No. 3, pp. 260-267, May 2004.
[19] J. Zhang, X. Xie, X. Wu, G. Wu and Z. Qian, "A Novel Zero-Current-Transition Full Bridge DC/DC Converter," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 354-360, Mar. 2006.
[20] R.Ayyanar and N.Mohan, "A novel full-bridge DC-DC converter for battery charging using secondary-side control combines soft switching over the full load range and low magnetics requirement," IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 559-565, Mar./Apr. 2001.
[21] H. J. Chiu, L. W. Lin, P. L. Pan, and M. H. Tseng, "A Novel Rapid Charger for Lead-Acid Batteries With Energy Recovery," IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 640-647, May 2006.
[22] H. L. Chan, “A New Battery Model for Use with Battery Energy Storage Systems and Electric Vehicles Power Systems,” IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, vol. 1, pp. 470-475, Jan. 2000.
[23] J. Chiasson and B. Vairamohan, "Estimating the State of Charge of a Battery", IEEE Trans. Contr. Syst. Technology, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 465-470, May 2005.
[24] K. Kutluay, Y. Cadirci, Y. S. Ozkazanc and I. Cadirci, "A New Online State-of-Charge Estimation and Monitoring System for Sealed Lead–Acid Batteries in Telecommunication Power Supplies," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 52, no. 5, pp. 1315–1327, Oct. 2005.
[25] O. Caumont, P. L. Moigne, C. Rombaut, X. Muneret, and P. Lenain, "Energy gauge for lead-acid batteries in electric vehicles," IEEE Trans. on Energy Conversion, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 354-360, Sep. 2000.
[26] J. H. Aylor, A. Thieme and B. W. Johnson, “A battery state-of-charge indicator for electric wheelchairs”, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 39, pp. 398-409, Oct. 1992.指導教授 徐國鎧(Kuo-Kai Shyu) 審核日期 2007-7-16 推文 plurk
funp
live
udn
HD
myshare
netvibes
friend
youpush
delicious
baidu
網路書籤 Google bookmarks
del.icio.us
hemidemi
myshare