砂土中減振模型基樁之動態性質

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姓名

歐韋麟(Wei-lin O) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

砂土中減振模型基樁之動態性質

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摘要(中)

交通運輸工具行經高架橋或橋樑時，可能引致振動，此振動經由橋墩傳遞至樁基，藉由基樁傳遞至承載層，再通過承載層傳遞至鄰近結構物或精密廠房之基礎，以致產生不良影響。本研究旨在探討上述振波之傳遞行為及降低此振波的方法。
為降低由基樁傳遞至承載層所產生之振波對鄰近結構物或精密廠房之振動影響，且考慮避免因減振過程造成基樁整體變位量過大，本研究於基樁上加裝兩不同減振器，分別為新型複合勁度減振彈簧與油壓彈簧阻尼器，進行一系列模型試驗。藉由模型試驗探討兩不同減振器加裝於基樁上時，對於樁尖在承載層中產生振波之減振成效、未改良樁與改良樁之樁周土壤中振波波傳衰減行為、衝擊加速度和彈簧勁度與減振器最大動態變位量之關係。
由試驗結果可知，樁身所承受之衝擊能量係藉由樁身傳遞至樁尖，再以樁尖為主要振源，向土層四周傳遞能量。而未改良樁與改良樁之樁周土壤中波傳衰減行為之衰減趨勢兩者十分相似，大約隨距樁尖距離越遠呈比例性的衰減消散。透過減振彈簧之作用，改良樁樁尖之振波能量至少衰減至未改良樁尖振波能量之40%以下，改良過的新型複合勁度彈簧減振器具有明顯的降低基樁整體的變位量之效果。

摘要(英)

Transportation vehicles pass through viaduct or bridge may cause vibration. This vibration may transmit from pier to pile foundation, and then transmit to the bearing stratum. The wave propagation from the bearing stratum may cause damages to the adjacent structures or high-tech production facilities. This research investigated the transmission behaviors of waves mentioned above and the reducing method of this kind of vibration.
To reduce the vibration that may cause some detrimental effects to the residences, adjacent structures or high-tech production facilities, and considered to prevent too large displacement caused by vibration suppression, this research installed two different shock absorbing devices at the pile head. One is the new-type composite stiffness shock-absorbing spring and spring damping device with oil pressure. A series of model pile tests were carried out in the laboratory to investigate the effect of vibration mitigation in bearing stratum, behaviors of the attenuation of wave propagation around model pile in the soil and the relationships among dynamic displacement, impact acceleration and spring constant.
From the results of experiments, it was revealed that the impact energy is transferred from pile shaft to pile tip, and then transmit the energy to the surrounding soil layers from the pile tip. For the two kinds of model piles with shock-absorbing device set at pile head, the behaviors of attenuation of wave propagation approach are similar and attenuate gradually in proportion with distance. With the function of shock-absorbing spring, the vibration energy generated at the tip of the improved pile is at least 40%. It is also revealed that the new-type composite stiffness shock-absorbing spring can improve the problem of too large displacement caused by vibration suppression.

關鍵字(中)

★ 樁基礎
★ 位移量
★ 阻尼器
★ 減振彈簧
★ 地表振動

關鍵字(英)

★ pile foundation
★ displacement
★ damper
★ shock-absorbing spring
★ vibration of ground surface

論文目次

目錄
摘要 I
英文摘要 II
照片目錄 VI
表目錄 VIII
圖目錄 X
符號說明 XVIII
第一章緒論 1
1-1前言 1
1-2研究動機 1
1-3研究方法 3
1-4論文內容 4
第二章文獻回顧 6
2-1應力波傳性質與振動衰減理論 6
2-1-1應力波傳種類與行為 6
2-1-2土壤振波衰減模式 10
2-2振動量大小表示方法 12
2-2-1機械、設備、儀器等之容許振動範圍 13
2-3樁基礎振動理論 14
2-3-1打樁振動傳播形式 14
2-3-2列車振動傳播形式 17
2-4減振工法相關之研究 21
2-4-1現場或模型試驗 21
2-4-2數值分析 26
2-4-3衝擊荷重在基礎上之減振 27
2-5減振基樁之相關研究 28
2-5-1單一勁度減振彈簧 28
2-5-2複合勁度減振彈簧 29
第三章試驗土樣、方法與儀器設備 52
3-1試驗規劃 53
3-1-1承載層 53
3-1-2砂土層 53
3-2試驗土樣 54
3-2-1最大乾單位重試驗 55
3-2-2最小乾單位重試驗 55
3-3試驗相對密度之標定 56
3-3-1試驗設備 56
3-3-2試驗步驟 57
3-4LVDT之校正 58
3-5未改良樁之振波性質與樁周土壤中振波之衰減行為 58
3-5-1模型樁 58
3-5-2試驗儀器之設備 59
3-5-3試驗製作 61
3-5-4試驗步驟 61
3-6改良基樁之振波性質與樁周土壤中振波之衰減行為 62
3-6-1試驗步驟 62
第四章試驗結果與分析 80
4-1未改良樁樁周土壤中振波之衰減行為 80
4-2改良樁樁周土壤中振波之衰減行為 82
4-2-1新型複合勁度彈簧減振器與土層中振波性質之關係 82
4-2-2新型複合勁度彈簧減振器對樁周土壤中振波之衰減效果 85
4-2-3油壓彈簧阻尼器對樁周土壤中振波之衰減效果 88
4-3模型樁之動態變位量 89
4-3-1未改良樁之樁體變位量 89
4-3-2新型複合勁度彈簧減振器之動態變位量 90
4-3-3油壓彈簧阻尼器之動態變位量 91
4-4內圈彈簧承載時機與動態變位歷時曲線之關係 92
第五章結論與建議 126
5-1結論 126
5-2建議 127
參考文獻 128

參考文獻

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指導教授

張惠文(Huei-Wen Chang)

審核日期

2007-7-15

推文