以鹼活化技術資源化電弧爐煉鋼還原碴之研究

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姓名

郭硯華(Yan-hua Guo) 查詢紙本館藏

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土木工程學系

論文名稱

以鹼活化技術資源化電弧爐煉鋼還原碴之研究
(The use of alkali-activated electric-arc furnace reductive slag as binding material for concrete)

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摘要(中)

還原碴為電弧爐煉鋼爐碴生產過程中的副產品，並且產量龐大，屬於無機事業廢棄物，經適當處理後能發揮類似卜特蘭水泥的膠結功能，取代部份的水泥材料，達到資源化再利用的目的。
本研究利用鹼活化處理技術提升還原碴的活性，所使用之鹼活化劑為矽酸鈉及氫氧化鈉之組合，利用高pH值的特性激發還原碴膠結的能力，達抗壓強度的發展，做為混凝土製品中的膠結材料用。
還原碴的品質受煉鋼製程影響，本文針對不同採樣批次還原碴建立其膠結品質之強度檢測，評估各批還原碴是否適合於直接進行鹼活化之處理；未達標準者則利用添加20 %~30 %爐石之方式強化其活化成效。研究成果得知經鹼活化處理之還原碴，可符合卜特蘭Ι型水泥抗壓強度標準。此外，利用添加脫硫石膏於還原碴試體，可減少鹼活化還原碴試體之乾縮量。同時為掌握還原碴膠結料與細粒料之關係，進一步製作鹼活化還原碴高壓混凝土地磚，實驗得知7天抗壓強度可達國內高壓混凝土地磚之A級磚標準，證實鹼活化還原碴膠結料應用於混凝土製品之成效。

摘要(英)

The reductive slag is a byproduct of steel-making industry using electric-arc furnace. In order to replace some cement materials, reductive slag can be processed to make its property similar to the binder of Portland cement. Meanwhile, this achieves the purpose of recycling.
This study used alkali activator to improve the activity of reductive slag so as to replace Portland cement as binder in concrete. By using sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide as alkali-activator, a high-pH environment is generated to excite the binding characteristics of reductive slag, and thus develops compressive strength of the mixes.
The binding quality of reductive slag is influenced by the processes of steel-making. The study has established the procedures in the evaluation of the binding quality of reductive slag. Using this procedure, it is possible to determine if each batch of reductive slag is suitable for alkali activation directly or not. The reductive slag not satisfying the requirement is recommended to be added a 20~30% blast furnace slag (BFS) for improvement in activation effects. Test results show that alkali-activated reductive slag satisfies compressive strength requirement for type I Portland cement. In addition, the addition of desulphurization gypsum to the reductive slag-BFS mixes will reduce the shrinkage of alkali-activated reductive slag.
Alkali-activated reductive slag as binding material is further extended to precast concrete products by applying it to the manufacture of concrete bricks. The compressive strength of mixes prepared using alkali-activated slag and fine aggregates was found to satisfy the domestic standard for Grade A concrete brick.

關鍵字(中)

★ 電弧爐還原碴
★ 鹼活化劑
★ 脫硫石膏

關鍵字(英)

★ alkali-activator
★ electric-arc furnace reductive slag
★ flue gas desulfurization gypsum

論文目次

目錄
目錄 I
圖目錄 IV
表目錄 IX
第一章前言 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 2
1.3 研究方法 2
第二章文獻回顧 4
2.1電弧爐煉鋼 4
2.1.1電弧爐煉鋼簡介 4
2.1.2電弧爐煉鋼廢爐碴-還原碴之產量及特性 5
2.2卜作嵐反應 9
2.3常見水化產物之種類及特性 10
2.4鹼活化劑處理技術 14
2.4.1鹼活化劑之反應機理 14
2.4.2影響活化效果之因素 17
2.4.3運用鹼活化劑技術之優缺點 22
2.5硬固混凝土之體積變化 28
2.5.1混凝土體積變化之種類 28
2.5.2硬固水泥漿體收縮行為 31
2.5.3水泥漿體之孔隙水及孔隙結構 32
2.6抑制收縮之方法 36
第三章實驗材料 39
3.1實驗材料 39
3.2實驗設備及儀器 43
3.3實驗流程及方法 49
3.3.1實驗流程 49
3.3.2實驗方法 54
3.3.3配比計算 57
第四章結果與分析 60
4.1還原碴基本性質分析 61
4.1.1物理性質 61
4.1.2化學性質 66
4.2還原碴品質之基本試驗 70
4.2.1建立鹼活化劑之含鹼當量及鹼模數比 70
4.2.2摻配產業廢石膏對純還原碴活化效果之影響 76
4.3建立還原碴品質標準測試法 81
4.3.1還原碴品質檢驗 81
4.3.2還原碴添加爐石之活化成效 84
4.3.3還原碴添加爐石粉之鹼活化劑濃度評估 90
4.4脫硫石膏對鹼活化還原碴＋爐石粉之活化成效影響 96
4.4.1健度及SO3含量檢驗 97
4.4.2脫硫石膏對乾縮之影響 100
4.4.3脫硫石膏對抗壓強度之影響 102
4.5鹼活化還原碴製作混凝土製品 104
4.5.1初步評估鹼活化還原碴之混凝土製品可行性 104
4.5.2水膠比之影響 106
4.5.3細粒料用量之影響 110
4.6微觀分析 116
第五章結論與建議 121
5.1結論 121
5.2建議 122
參考文獻 123

參考文獻

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指導教授

黃偉慶(Huang Wei-Hsing)

審核日期

2007-7-20

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