中國鄉鎮企業發展原因的爭論—文獻回顧與分析

以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

、勘誤回報

、線上人數：46

、訪客IP：3.144.106.207

姓名

楊大德(Ta-te Yang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

產業經濟研究所

論文名稱

中國鄉鎮企業發展原因的爭論—文獻回顧與分析
(The Debate on the Success of China's TVEs: A Literature Review)

相關論文

★ 從電子商務演進-探討銀行電子金融服務創新	★ 財富管理業務之探討─以花旗銀行及合作金庫商業銀行為例
★ 數位相機產業市場結構、行為與績效之研究	★ 企業危機處理策略之探討─以台灣非酒精飲料業為例
★ 以軟硬整合思維重新探討智慧型手機商業模式	★ 企業之開放式創新行為探討-以光寶科技為例
★ 再生能源產業發展政策研究-以市場失靈觀點	★ 全球太陽能產業分析-以德國發展為例
★ 國際貨櫃物流港區政策之研究：以鹿特丹港口計畫為核心	★ 美妝產業之開放式創新─以L’Oréal與P&G公司為例
★ 快速時尚管理-找出台灣的下一個ZARA	★ 台灣新藥開發T公司個案研究：開放式創新商業模式視角
★ 創投決策與高科技廠商研發行為之研究—以新竹科學園區上市上櫃公司為例	★ 台灣積體電路產業人際關係網絡之分析
★ 政府研發獎助與中小企業研發創新關係之研究 ----以新竹科學園區廠商為例	★ 創業育成中心之育成績效評估-以工業技術研究院創業育成中心為例

檔案

[Endnote RIS 格式]

[Bibtex 格式]

[相關文章]

[文章引用]

[完整記錄]

[館藏目錄]

[檢視]

[下載]

本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的，進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定，切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送，以免觸法。

摘要(中)

中國的鄉鎮企業在八零年代的經濟發展過程中，創造了令人注目的成就，而其所有制的非私有性更是直接挑戰了以私有產權為基礎的傳統經濟理論。本文以文獻回顧的方式，檢視各家理論對於鄉鎮企業難題的解釋，並企圖透過理論的辯證過程，歸納出鄉鎮企業成功發展的原因。
面對中國鄉鎮企業的異軍突起，市場機會論者從鄉鎮企業所獲得的市場機會和要素優勢出發，說明鄉鎮企業發展的條件；實質私有產權論者則認為鄉鎮企業其實「實質私有」，並將其融入於傳統經濟理論的架構之中。合作文化論者從中國的集體傳統，來理解集體所有制能夠順利運作的原因；而中國式聯邦制論者則從地方政府為企業所提供的制度補強出發，以環境的配合來解釋鄉鎮企業的成功。這些說法分別著重鄉鎮企業的本質，或其所獲得的發展條件，對於鄉鎮企業的發展原因都具有一定的解釋能力，然而對鄉鎮企業興衰過程的討論卻仍未臻完善。
除了上述的理論外，另一套從地方政府角度出發的論述，則為中國鄉鎮企業的發展提供了更為完整的說明。地方統合主義強調歷史與政治的延續性，從地方政府的財政動力和政治結構出發，解釋地方政府對經濟發展的強烈需求，並以此說明鄉鎮企業的興衰，為鄉鎮企業的發展提供了較為全面的論述。不過其批評者市場規範論者雖然承認地方政府的重要性，但仍主張市場規範才是鄉鎮企業效率的主因。另外，社會關係論者則強調在地方政府的動力之外，社會關係與地方政府的結合，也對地方經濟的發展有重大的影響。針對相應的批評與補充，修正的地方統合主義強化了對幹部積極性的說明，並以九零年代地方政府對企業效率性的重視，說明了地方統合主義的進化過程，以及其對地方經濟發展的有力解釋，對鄉鎮企業的難題提供了一個更為完整的答案。

摘要(英)

China’’s township and village enterprises (TVEs) have made impressive achievement in China’’s economic development of 1980s, and the non-private nature of its ownership has raised a challenge to the traditional economic theory based on private ownership. Thus, by surveying of the relevant literature, this paper reviews various explanations of the puzzle of TVEs, and attempts to conclude the reason of the success of China’’s TVEs.
Some studies focus on the market opportunity and factor advantages that TVEs obtained in 1980s, and contributed that as the cause of TVEs’’ success. Some emphasize the “informal privatization” of TVEs, therefore integrate the specific characteristics of TVEs into the framework of traditional economic theory. Another theory takes China’’s cooperative culture as the reason why the collective ownership could work well, yet the other one highlights the role of local governments, and considers that the institutional complements provided by the local governments were the key to TVEs’’ development. These theories provide certain explanations for the puzzle of TVEs, but each of them did not fully explain the process of TVEs’’ rise and fall. Another point of view stresses the role of local governments, and provides a more completed image of TVEs’’ rise and decline.
Stressing the importance of history and political continuity, Local State Corporatism (LSC) focuses on the fiscal incentives and political structure that local cadre faced, explains the strong need of local governments for economic development, and sheds light on TVEs’’ rise and downfall. This point of view shows a comprehensive idea of TVEs’’ development, and therefore gains a lot of attention. On the other hand, some studies agree with the importance of local governments, but they emphasize more on the market discipline, while another theory takes local institutions and social relationship as the supplements of LSC. Finally, responding to the above mentioned critiques, the revised LSC reiterates the cadre’’s motivation for economic growth, and enhances its explanation by revealing the fact that local governments value the efficiency of enterprises more than the type of ownership. Consequently, the revised LSC illustrates a full image of TVEs’’ development, and gives a better answer to the puzzle of TVEs.

關鍵字(中)

★ 經濟發展
★ 鄉鎮企業
★ 地方統合主義

關鍵字(英)

★ economic development
★ TVEs
★ local state corporatism

論文目次

第一章　緒論 1
第一節　研究動機與問題意識 1
第二節　研究方法與論文架構 5
第二章　中國大陸經濟發展概況 8
第一節　中國經濟發展與改革情形 8
壹、一九七八年之前的計畫經濟時期 8
貳、一九七九年以後的改革開放時期 10
第二節　鄉鎮企業發展狀況 15
壹、歷史背景與發展情形 16
第三節　與鄉鎮企業有關的重要制度環境與變革 25
壹、承包制：「分灶吃飯」、「利改稅」與「財政大包幹」 26
貳、承包制引發的負面效果 29
參、對承包制問題的兩種回應—「股份合作制」與「分稅制」 31
第三章　市場開放與環境配合論 34
第一節　私有產權與鄉鎮企業的難題 34
第二節　市場機會論與實質私有產權 38
壹、市場機會論與要素優勢論 39
貳、實質私有產權論 44
第三節　集體傳統與合作文化論 48
第四節　中國式聯邦制 52
壹、地方政府與制度補強 52
貳、中國式聯邦制 55
第五節　小結 59
第四章　地方政府中心論 62
第一節　地方統合主義 62
壹、地方政府主導經濟活動 62
貳、地方統合主義 65
第二節　市場規範論與社會關係論 71
第三節　修正的地方統合主義 78
第四節　小結 85
第五章　結論 88
參考文獻 93

參考文獻

中國國家統計局工業交通統計司編（2006），《中國工業經濟統計年鑑—2006》，北京：中國統計出版社。
中國經濟信息網統計數據庫：http://db.cei.gov.cn/
中國農業部鄉鎮企業局組編（2003），《中國鄉鎮企業統計資料：1978—2002》，北京：中國農業出版社。
甘陽、崔之元編（1997），《中國改革的政治經濟學》，香港：牛津大學出版社。
余國耀、溫鐵軍、張曉山、苑鵬（2003），〈中國農村股份合作制改革試驗報告〉，收錄於張曉山、苑鵬等（編），《中國鄉鎮企業產權改革備忘錄》，北京：社會科學文獻出版社。
林青松、威廉‧伯德（Byrd, William A.）編（1994），《中國鄉鎮企業的歷史性崛起》，香港：牛津大學出版社。
林毅夫、蔡昉、李周（2000），《中國經濟改革與發展》，台北：聯經出版事業公司。
吳介民（1998），〈中國鄉村快速工業化的制度動力：地方產權體制與非正式私有化〉，《台灣政治學刊》，3，3-63。
吳敬璉（2005），《當代中國經濟改革：探索中國經濟順利轉型的秘密》，台北：美商麥格羅‧希爾國際股份有限公司　台灣分公司。
吳親恩（1997），《中國大陸鄉鎮企業產權改革：中央、地方與企業的互動—以溫州和蘇南為觀察》，國立台灣大學政治學研究所碩士論文。
張文宗（2002），《中國鄉鎮企業市場進入之決定因素》，國立台灣大學經濟學研究所碩士論文。
張毅、張頌頌編著（2001），《中國鄉鎮企業簡史》，北京：中國農業出版社。
張曉山、苑鵬等（2003），《中國鄉鎮企業產權改革備忘錄》，北京：社會科學文獻出版社。
許雪香（1993），《中國大陸鄉鎮企業發展之研究：溫州模式探討》，國立政治大學東亞研究所碩士論文。
陳淳斌（2001），〈中國大陸鄉鎮企業發展與地方政府職能：回顧學界對相關理論的研究〉，《中國大陸研究》，44（7），83-103。
劉雅靈（2001），〈強制完成的經濟私有化：蘇南吳江經濟興衰的歷史過程〉，《台灣社會學刊》，26（1），1-54。
蔡昉、林毅夫（2003），《中國經濟》，台北：美商麥格羅‧希爾國際股份有限公司　台灣分公司。
錢穎一（2003），《現代經濟學與中國經濟改革》，北京：中國人民大學出版社。
Blecher, Marc (1991). Development State, Entrepreneurial State: The Political Economy of Socialist Reform in Xinju Municipality and Guanghan County. In G. White (Ed.), The Chinese State in the Era of Economic Reform: The Road to Crisis (pp. 265-291). London: MACMILLAN.
Blecher, Marc, and Shue, Vivienne (1996). Tethered Deer: Government and Economy in a Chinese County. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Bowles, Paul and Dong, Xiao-Yuan (1999). Enterprise Ownership, Enterprise Organization, and Worker Attitudes in Chinese Rural Industry: Some New Evidence. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 23(1): 1-20.
Chang, Chun, and Wang, Yijiang (1994). The Nature of the Township-Village Enterprise. Journal of Comparative Economics, 19(3): 434-452.
Che, Jiahua, and Qian, Yingyi (1998). Institutional Environment, Community Government, and Corporate Governance: Understanding China’s Township-Village Enterprises. Journal of Law, Economics and Organization, 14(1): 1-23.
Chen, Chih-Jou Jay (1999). Local Institutions and the Transformation of Property Rights in Southern Fujian. In J. C. Oi and A. G. Walder (Eds.), Property Rights and Economic Reform in China (pp. 49-70). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Duckett, Jane (1998). Entrepreneurial State in China: Real Estate and Commerce Department in Reform Era Tianjin. Florence, KY: Routledge.
Duckett, Jane (2001). Bureaucrats in Business, Chinese-Style: The Lessons of Market Reform and State Entrepreneurialism in the People’s Republic of China. World Development, 29(1): 23-37.
Edin, Maria (1998). Why Do Chinese Local Cadres Promote Growth? Institutional Incentives and Constraints of Local Cadres. Forum for Development Studies, 1: 97-127.
Edin, Maria (2003a). Local State Corporatism and Private Business. Journal of Peasant Studies, 30: 278-295.
Edin, Maria (2003b). State Capacity and Local Agent Control in China: CCP Cadre Management from a Township Perspective. The China Quarterly, 173: 35-52.
Jin, Hehui, and Qian, Yingyi (1998). Public versus Private Ownership of Firms: Evidence from Rural China. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 113(3): 773-808.
Jin, Hehui, Qian, Yingyi, and Barry R. Weingast (2005). Regional Decentralization and Fiscal Incentives: Federalism, Chinese Style. Journal of Public Economics, 89: 1719-1742.
Kornai, Janos (1980). Economics of Shortage. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
Li, David D. (1996). A Theory of Ambiguous Property Rights in Transition Economies: The Case of the Chinese Non-State Sector. Journal of Comparative Economics, 23(1): 1-19.
Li, Peter Ping (2005). The Puzzle of China’s Township-Village Enterprises: The Paradox of Local Corporatism in a Dual-Track Economic Transition. Management and Organization Review, 1(2): 197-224.
Lin, Nan (1995). Local Market Socialism: Local Corporation in Action in Rural China. Theory and Society, 24(3): 301-354.
Lin, Nan, and Chen, Chih-Jou Jay (1999). Local Elites as Officials and Owners: Shareholding and Property Rights in Daqiuzhuang. In J. C. Oi and A. G. Walder (Eds.), Property Rights and Economic Reform in China (pp. 145-170). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Montinola, Gabriella, Qian, Yingyi, and Weingast, Barry R. (1996). Federalism, Chinese Style: The Political Basis for Economic Success. World Politics, 48(1): 50-81.
Naughton, Barry (1994). Chinese Institutional Innovation and Privatization from Below. The American Economic Review, 84(2): 266-270.
Naughton, Barry (2007). The Chinese Economy: Transitions and Growth. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Nee, Victor (1989). A Theory of Market Transition: From Redistribution to Markets in State Socialism. American Sociological Review, 54(5): 663-681.
Nee, Victor (1992). Organizational Dynamics of Market Transition: Hybrid Forms, Property Rights, and Mixed Economy in China. Administrative Science Quarterly, 37(1): 1-27.
Nee, Victor and Su, Sijin (1990). Institutional Change and Economic Growth in China: The View from the Villages. The Journal of Asian Studies, 49(1): 3-25.
Nee, Victor, and Su, Sijin (1996). Institutions, Social Ties, and Commitment in China’s Corporatist Transformation. In J. McMillan and B. Naughton (Eds.), Reforming Asian Socialism: The Growth of Market Institutions (pp. 111-134). Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press.
Oi, Jean C. (1998). The Evolution of Local State Corporatism. In A. G. Walder (Ed.), Zouping in Transition: The Process of Reform in Rural North China (pp. 35-61). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Oi, Jean C. (1999). Rural China Takes Off: Institutional Foundations of Economic Reform. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Peng, Yusheng (1992). Wage Determination in Rural and Urban China: A Comparison of Public and Private Industrial Sectors. American Sociological Review, 57(2): 198-213.
Peng, Yusheng (2001). Chinese Villages and Townships as Industrial Corporations: Ownership, Governance, and Market Discipline. American Journal of Sociology, 106(5): 1338-1370.
Putterman, Louis (1995). The Role of Ownership and Property Rights in China’s Economic Transition. The China Quarterly, 144: 1047-1064.
Putterman, Louis (1997). On the Past and Future of China’s Township and Village-Owned Enterprises. World Development, 25(10): 1639-1655.
Qian, Yingyi, and Weingast, Barry R. (1997). Federalism as a Commitment to Preserving Market Incentives. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 11(4): 83-92.
Qian, Yingyi, and Xu, Chenggang (1993). Why China’s Economic Reforms Differ: The M-Form Hierarchy and Entry/Expansion of the Non-State Sector. The Economics of Transition, 1(2): 135-170.
Rawski, Thomas G. (1999). Reforming China’s Economy: What Have We Learned? The China Journal, 41: 139-156.
Sachs, Jeffrey D., and Woo, Wing Thye (1994). Structural Factors in the Economic Reforms of China, Eastern Europe, and the Former Soviet Union. Economic Policy, 9(18): 101-145.
Sachs, Jeffrey D., and Woo, Wing Thye (1997). Understanding China’s Economic Performance. Harvard Institute for International Development, Development Discussion Paper, No. 575.
Sachs, Jeffrey D., Woo, Wing Thye, and Yang, Xiaokai (2000). Economic Reforms and Constitutional Transition. Annals of Economics and Finance, 1(2): 435-491.
Sun, Laixiang (2002). Fading Out of Local Government Ownership: Recent Ownership Reform in China’s Township and Village Enterprises. Economic Systems, 26: 249-269.
Thun, Eric (2004). Keeping Up with the Jones’: Decentralization, Policy Imitation, and Industrial Development in China. World Development, 32(8): 1289-1308.
Walder, Andrew G. (1995a). China’s Transitional Economy: Interpreting Its Significance. The China Quarterly, 144: 963-979.
Walder, Andrew G. (1995b). Local Governments as Industrial Firms: An Organizational Analysis of China’s Transitional Economy. American Journal of Sociology, 101(2): 263-301.
Walder, Andrew G. (1998). The County Government as an Industrial Corporation. In A. G. Walder (Ed.), Zouping in Transition: The Process of Reform in Rural North China (pp. 62-85). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Weitzman, Martin L., and Xu, Chenggang (1994). Chinese Township-Village Enterprise as Vaguely Defined Cooperatives. Journal of Comparative Economics, 18: 121-145.
Whiting, Susan H. (2004). The Cadre Evaluation System at the Grass Roots: The Paradox of Party Rule. In B. J. Naughton and D. L. Yang (Eds.), Holding China Together: Diversity and National Integration in the Post-Deng Era (pp.101-119). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Whyte, Martin King (1995). The Social Root of China’s Economic Development. The China Quarterly, 144: 999-1019.
Woo, Wing Thye (1999). The Real Reasons for China’s Growth. The China Journal, 41: 115-137.
Zhou, Huizhong (2000). Fiscal Decentralization and the Development of the Tobacco Industry in China. China Economic Review, 11(2): 114-133.

指導教授

王弓、瞿宛文
(Kung Wang、Wan-wen Chu)

審核日期

2007-7-20

推文