影響虛擬社群成員知識交流因素之探討

以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

、勘誤回報

、線上人數：43

、訪客IP：18.118.119.129

姓名

梁永昌(Liang Yungchang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

資訊管理學系

論文名稱

影響虛擬社群成員知識交流因素之探討.

相關論文

★ 製藥業的成本會計評估研究─ 一個ABC成本制度的應用	★ 一個保險業的資料採擷應用--業務員的薪酬制度分析
★ 買方採用自有電子市集之個案研究─以台塑企業為例	★ 農漁產品電子化交易中分類分級管理之研究
★ 應用類神經網路建構壽險核保決策支援之研究	★ 企業導入ERP之關鍵成功因素-個案研究
★ 體外診斷醫療器材滿足CE及GMP驗證要求之個案研	★ 企業資訊系統委外研究－以個案銀行為例
★ DRAM月平均價格變動分析	★ 定期航運產業運價及運送時間對經營績效影響之研究-以某外商海運公司在台灣經營為例
★ 以交通儲值卡作為電子支付工具的營運模式及可行性分析	★ 軟體公司能力成熟度評估
★ 加速台灣海關的通關便捷化－提升行動化服務的解決方案	★ 以均勻度係數為預測晶圓良率指標之可行性分析-以國內某DRAM廠為例
★ 某公司資訊部門變革失敗之探討	★ 資訊部門導入ITIL 管理機制之現況分析─ 以企業導入ITIL 服務支援為例

檔案

[Endnote RIS 格式]

[Bibtex 格式]

[相關文章]

[文章引用]

[完整記錄]

[館藏目錄]

[檢視]

[下載]

本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的，進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定，切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送，以免觸法。

摘要(中)

過去許多探討參與虛擬社群互動的研究，大多是從慎思行動理論(Theory of Reasoned Action, TRA) 與科技接受模型 (Technology Acceptance Model, TAM) 來討論。本研究不同上述研究觀點，而以社會學中的社群及團體動力學的角度，指出社群成員參與虛擬社群知識交流影響因素，是由相似性為基礎；此外，本研究也提出社群參與者的個人的動機，也對社群成員何以交流知識有所影響。故本研究由相似 – 吸引典範為基礎，與因相似性而生的內團體認同，並加入 McClelland 的成就需求理論的觀點，來探討影響虛擬社群中社群成員進行知識交流的因素。並試圖解釋 (1)瞭解虛擬社群成員參與知識交流的動機、(2)討論何以人們願意加入社群中討論並參與互動以及(3)瞭解影響在知識交流的活動中，哪些因素將影響知識的貢獻，哪些因素影響知識的欲求。
研究結果發現，社群成員參與社群知識交流的因素，除了在虛擬社群是為了延展個人對與他人親和的需求之外，也為了發展個人的自尊與權力需要。另一方面，本研究也發現影響虛擬社群成員的「知識欲求」及「知識貢獻」的因素不同；社群成員願意於社群詢問，討論及提出問題的因素，在於個體與其他社群成員的相似性；而社群中的成員，如果對社群有更高的認同感，則社群成員成員也更願意在虛擬社群中貢獻自己的知識以予其他社群成員。

關鍵字(中)

★ 知識欲求與貢獻
★ 相似性
★ 內團體認同
★ 成就需求理論
★ 虛擬社群
★ 知識交流

關鍵字(英)

★ Knowledge Acquisition
★ Knowledge Exchange
★ Virtual Community

論文目次

論文摘要 iv
圖目錄 x
表目錄 xi
第壹章、緒論 1
第一節、研究背景 1
第二節、研究動機 4
第三節、研究目的 5
第四節、研究流程 6
第貳章、文獻探討 7
第一節、社會學觀點下的社群 (Community) 7
第二節、團體動力 (Group Dynamics) 14
第三節、虛擬社群 (Virtual Community) 20
第四節、知識交流 (Knowledge Exchange) 27
第五節、相似性 (Similarity) 33
第六節、內團體 (In Group) 35
第七節、激勵理論 (Motivation Theorys) 40
第參章、研究方法 47
第一節、研究架構與假說 47
第二節、變項的定義與操作化 58
第三節、研究設計 64
第肆章、資料分析 72
第一節、研究樣本資料分析 72
第二節、量表品質檢測 77
第三節、研究假說檢定 82
第四節、研究假說檢定結果彙整 92
第五節、對知識交流影響的不同因素 94
第伍章、探索性研究 96
第一節、人口特質社群 96
第二節、專業社群 99
第三節、興趣社群 101
第四節、幻想社群 103
第五節、綜合討論 105
第陸章、結論與建議 106
第一節、研究發現 106
第二節、管理實務建議 109
第三節、研究限制 112
第四節、未來研究方向 115
參考文獻 117
附錄 - 研究問卷 126

參考文獻

中文部分
1.Manuel Castells著，夏鑄九等譯 (民85)，網絡社會之崛起。台北：唐山出版社
2.Ann L. Weber著，趙居蓮譯 (民90)，社會心理學。臺北市:桂冠出版社
3.H. Joseph Reitz著，鄭伯壎、林詩詮譯 (民70)，組織行為。中華企業管理發展中心
4.MacIntyre, Alasdair.著，萬俊人等譯 (民85)，誰之正義？何種理性？北京：當代中國出版社
5.Steers. M. Richard. 著，韓經綸譯 (民85)，組織行為學導論。五南圖書出版公司
6.李政忠 (民93，一月)，『網路調查所面臨的問題與解決建議』。資訊社會研究
7.李郁文，團體動力學：群體動力的理論，實務與研究
8.林振春 (民84)，『凝聚社區意識，建構社區文化』。社區發展季刊，69:25-39
9.林瑞欽 (民83)，『社區意識的概念、測量與提振策略』。社會發展研究期刊，第一期
10.林瑞欽 (民84)，『社區意識凝聚之道』。社會福利，第 118 期
11.吳肇銘 (民88)，『影響網站使用意向之因素研究-以入門網站為例』，國立中央大學資訊管理學系博士論文
12.交通部統計處 (民92)，『交通部：我國上網人口突破千萬』， ( http://www.nici.nat.gov.tw/content/application/nici/general/guest-cnt-browse.php?grpid=5&vroot=&cntgrp_ordinal=00060004&cnt_id=230&listtype= ). .
13.蔣佩真 (民90)，『虛擬社群的知識分享：認知與行為間的關係』，國立中山大學資訊管理學系碩士論文
14.徐震 (民79)，社區與社區發展。台北：正中書局
15.張國聖 (民92)，『大學的社區意識與社會功能-以桃園地區大專院校的發展策略為例』。存爐紀念圖書館館訊，第四期 (http://www.lib.vnu.edu.tw/publish/9205.htm)
16.張滿玲 (民89)，『女性對公平性的知覺與行為反應－－內團體基礎與社會比較層次的影響』。國立政治大學心理學系碩士論文
17.莊道明 (1998)，『從台灣學術網路使用調查界西網路虛擬社群價值觀』。21 世紀資訊科學與技術的展望 - 研討會論文集
18.郭心怡 (民87)，『網路世界的我與我們 - 網路使用者之心理特性與網路人際關係特性初探』。國立台灣大學心理學系碩士論文
19.陳皎眉，王叢桂 & 孫蒨如 (民91)，社會心理學。台北：國立空中大學
20.陳瑞 & 周桂如 (民91)，『團體凝聚力』。慈濟護理雜誌，第一期
21.陳靜慧 (民89)，『關係與人際關係品質:主觀契合度的中介效果與關係類型的調節效果』。國立台灣大學心理學系碩士論文
22.曾武清 (民92)，『虛擬社群之定義：從「龍魂不滅」談起』。資訊社會研究，第六期
23.黃富順 (民83)，『加強社區意識，建立祥和社會的途徑 - 社區成人教育』。社會發展研究期刊，第一期
24.裘偉廷 (民90)，『虛擬群體與網路教育』。成人教育學刊，第四期
25.廖鐿鈤 (民90)，『虛擬社區的凝聚力的初探』。資訊社會研究，第一期
26. 翟本瑞 (民90)，網路文化。台北：揚智出版社
27. 潘正德 (民90)，團體動力學。心理出版社
英文部分
1. Adler, P. Richard. & Christopher, J. Anthony. (1999). Internet community primer overview and business opportunities. Harper Collins Publishing Inc.
2. Alderfer, C. P.(1969). An empirical test of a new theory of human needs. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 4, pp. 142-175.
3. Andersen, S.M., & Klatzky, R. L. (1987). Traits and social stereotype: Levels of categorization in person perception. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41, 74-86.
4. Armstrong, Arthur. G. & John, Hagel. III. (1996). The real value of on-line communities. Harvard Business Review, May-June.
5. Armstrong, Arthur. G. & John, Hagel. III. (1997). Net gain: Expanding markets through virtual communities. Harvard Business School Press.
6. Bagozzi, R. P., Davis, F. D.& Warshaw, P. R. (1989). User acceptance of computer technology: A comparison of two theoretical models. Management Science, 35(8).
7. Bales, R. (1950). Interaction process analysis. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
8. Baron, R.M. and Kenny, D.A. (1986). The moderator-mediator distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
9. Beamish, Anne. (1994). Communities On-Line: Community-based computer networks. ( http://alberti.mit.edu/arch/4.207/anneb/thesis/background.html ). .
10. Bell, Daniel. (1993). Communitarianism and its critics. Oxford University Press, Act III. V.
11. Bell, Daniel. (2001). An introduction to cybercultures. London: Routledge.
12. Bhattacherjee, Anol. (2002), Individual Trust in Online Firms: Scale Development and Initial Test, Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol. 19, No. 1, Summer, pp. 211-241.
13. Bowditch. L. James & Buono. F. Anthony. (1997). A primer on organizational behavior (4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
14. Byrne, D. (1971). The ubiquitous relationship: Attitude similarity and attraction: A cross-cultural study. Human Relations, 24, 201-207.
15. Carwright, D. & Zander, A. (1968). Group dynamics: Research and theory (3rd ed.). New York: Harper & Row.
16. Chaudhury, A., Mallick, D. N. & Rao, H. R. (2001), Web Channel In E-Commerce. Association For Computing Machinery, Vol. 44, Iss. 1, pp. 99-104
17. Cliff, Lampe. (2001). Literature review of applicable research on virtual communities, ( http://www-personal.umich.edu/~cacl/Research/community.doc ). .
18. Couper, M. P. (2000). Web surveys: A review of issues and approaches. Public Opinion Quarterly, 64(4): 464-494.
19. Davenport, Thomas. H. & Prusak, Laurence. (1997). Working knowledge: How organizations manage what they know (2nd ed.). Project Management Institute.
20. Dillman, D. A. (2000). Mail and internet surveys. New York: John Wildy.
21. Dreyfus, H.L. & Dreyfus, S.E. (1986). Mind Over Machine: The Power of Human Intuition and Expertise in the Era of the Computer. New York: Free P. 9-51.
22. Festinger, L. (1954). A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations, 7, 117-140.
23. Forsyth, D. R. (1990). Group dynamics(2nd ed.). Pacific Grove, California: Bopoks/Cole Publishing Co.
24. Gaski, J. (1986). Interrelations among a channel entity's power sources: Impact on the exercise of reward and coercion on expert, referent, and legitimate power sources. Journal of Marketing Research. 23: 62-77.
25. Gerbing, D.W. & Anderson, J. C. (1988). Structural Equation Modeling in Practice: A Review and Recommended Two-Step Approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103, pp. 453-60.
26. Goode, W. J. (1957). Community within a community: The professions. American Sociological Review, 22.
27. Hancock, Dawson.(2004). Cooperative learning and peer orientation effects on motivation and achievement. Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 97 Issue 3.
28. Haslam, Alexander. & Eggins, A. Rachael. (2003). The ASPIRe model: Actualizing social and personal identity resources to enhance organizational outcomes. Journal of Occuptation and Organization Psycohology, 76.83- 113.
29. Hendriks, P. (1999). Why share knowledge? The influence of ICT on motivation of knowledge sharing. Knowledge and Process Management, 6(2), 91-100.
30. Herzberg, F. (1959). The Motivation to Work, (2nd ed.)., New York: John Wiley.
31. Herzberg, F.(1968). One more time：How do you motivate employees?. Harvard Business Review, January/February.
32. Hiemstia, R. (1972). The educative community. Lincoln, Nesbraaska: Professional Educators Publications, INC.
33. Hiltz, S.R. & Wellman, B. (1997). Asynchronous learning networks as a virtual classroom. Communications of the ACM, 40 (9) 44-49
34. Holtshouse, D. (1998). Knowledge research issues. California Management Review, 40, 3, 277-280.
35. Homans, G. C.(1950). The human group. New York: Harcourt, Brace.
36. Jarvis, P. (1990). An International Dictionary of Adult and Continining Education. Lodon: Routledge.
37. Johnson, D. W. & Johnson, F. P. (1991). Joining together: Group theory and group skills. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice- Hall, Inc.
38. Jones, D. (1983). Communities of Interest: a reprise. In D. Thomas, (Ed.) Community Work in the Eighties. London: National Institute for Social Work.
39. Jones, E. D., Southern, W. S. & Brigham, F. J. (1998). Curriculum-based assessment: Testing what is taught and teaching what is tested. Intervention in School and Clinic, 33, 239-249.
40. Jones, Q. (1997). Virtual community, virtual settlements & cyber-archaeology: A theoretical outline. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, 3(3).
41. Knowles, M. S. (1972). Introduction to group dynamics. N. Y.: Association Press.
42. Krebs, J. R. & Davies, N. B. (1993). An Introduction to behavioural ecology (3rd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
43. Krogh, V. Georg. (1998). Care in knowledg creation. California Management Review, Vol.40, Iss.3, spring, pp.133-153. 8.
44. Lewin, K. (1951). Field theory in social science. New York: Harper.
45. Lewin, K. (1975). Field theory in social science. (D. Cartwright, ed. Research Center for Group Dynamics Series.) Westport, CT: Greenwood. (Reprint of 1951 edition.).
46. Lutzker, Arnold. P. (1997). copyrights and trademarks for media professionals: Folac Press.
47. MacIntyre, Alasdair. (1988). Whose justice? which rationality?. University of Notre Dame Press.
48. Madden, Mary. (2003). America's online pursuits: The changing picture of who's online and what they do. Pew Internet & American Life Project. ( http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Online_Pursuits_Final.PDF ) ,.
49. Mancuso, Joe. (1979). Special report - The motivational profile of the entrepreneur, CEO Clubs.
50. Maslow, A. H. (1954). Motivation and personality, New York: Harper & Row Publishers.
51. McClelland, D. C. (1961). The Achieving society. Princetion N. J.: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.
52. McGarty, C., Haslam, S. A., Hutchinson, K. J. & Turner (1994). The effects of salient group memberships on persuasion. Small Group Research. 25, 267-293.
53. Milliken, F. J. & Martins L. L. (1996). Searching for common threads: Understanding the multiple effects of diversity in organizational groups. Acadmey of Management Review, 21(2), 402-433.
54. Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory, New York: McGraw-Hill.
55. Parsons, T. (1951). The social system, New York: The Free Press of Glencoe.
56. Pedhazur, E.J. & Schmelkin, L. P. (1991). Measurement, Design, and Analysis: An Integrated Approach. NJ: Lawerence Erlbaum Associates Publisher.
57. Rheingold, H. (1993).Virtual community: homesteading on the electronic frontier. Addison-Wesley.
58. Romm, C., Pliskin, N. & Clarke, R. (1997). Virtual communities and society: toward an integrative three phase model. International Journal of Information Management, Vol. 17, No. 4,pp261-270.
59. Ruggles, Rudy. (1997). Knowledge tools: Using technology to manage knowledge better. (Working paper). Ernst & Young Center LLP. ( http://www.cbi.cgey.com/pub/docs/knowledge tools.pdf ) .
60. Saatchi & Saatchi (1998). The saatchi and saatchi awards. (http://www.saatchi-saatchi.com/innovation/shocked/intro.html ) .
61. Sandel, Michael. (1982). Liberalism and limits of justice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
62. Schachter, S. (1959). The psychology of affiliation. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. (Soziale Vergleiche bei Emotionen)
63. Schutz, W. C. (1958). Firo: A three dimensional theory of interpersonal behavior. New York: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston.
64. Senge, P. (1997). Sharing knowledge. Executive Excellence.
65. Shaw, M. E. (1981). Group dynamics: The psycholology of small group behavior (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
66. Shaw, M. E. (1992). Group composition and group cohesiveness. in R.S. Cathcart & L.A. Samovar (eds.). Small Group Comunciation, Dubuqne, IA: Brown.
67. Sherif, M. & Sherif, C.W. (1956). An outline of social psychology. (revised ed.). New York: Harper & Row.
68. Silver, M. & Brewer, M. B. (1997). Perceptions of multiple group loyalty, and a new scale for loyalty measurement. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Society, May, Washington, DC.
69. Smith, E. R. & Henry, S. (1996). An in-group becomes part of the self: Response time evidence. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22: 635-642. Spears, R. (2000). Automatic intergroup behaviour: Social identity meets social cognition. Keynote address at the Society of Australasian Social Psychologists annual meeting, Fremantle, Western Australia.
70. Smith, H. J., Spears, R.,& Oyen, M. (1994). People like us: The influence of personal deprivation and group membership salience on justice evaluations. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 30, 277-299.
71. Stangor, C., Sullivan, L., & Ford, T. (1991). Affective and cognitive determinants of prejudice. Social Cognition, 9, 359-380.
72. Struch, N., & Schwartz, S. H. (1989). Intergroup aggression: Its predictors and distinctness from in-group bias. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 364-373. Sumner, W. G. (1906). Folkways. New York: Ginn.
73. Tajfel, H. & Turner J. C. (1986). The social identity theory of ingroup behavior. In S. Worchel & W. G. Austin (Eds.), Psychology of Intergroup Relations. Chicago, IL: Nelson-Hall, 7-24.
74. Tajfel, H. & Turner, J. C. (1986). The social identity theory of intergroup behavior. In S. Worchel & W. Austin (Eds.), Psychology of intergroup relations (pp. 7-24). Chicago: Nelson-Hall.
75. Tajfel, H. & Turner, J. C. (1986). The social identity theory of intergroup behaviour. In S. Worchel & W. G. Austin (Eds.), Psychology of intergroup relations. Chicago: Nelson-Hall.
76. Tajfel, H. (1981). Human group and social categories: Studies in social psychology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
77. Tajfel, H. (1981). Human groups and social categories. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
78. Tajfel, H., Billig, M., Bundy, R., & Flament, C. (1971). Social categorization and intergroup behaviour. European Journal of Social Psychology, 1, 149-178.
79. Takagi, E. (1996). The generalized exchange perspective on the evolution of altruism. In W. Liebrand & D. Messick (Eds.), Frontiers in social dilemma research (pp. 311-336). Berlin: Springer- Verlag.
80. Tampoe, M. (1993). Motivating knowledge workers - the challenge for the 1990s. Long Range Planning, 26(3), 49-55.
81. Taylor, Shelley E., Letitia Anne Peplau, & David O. Sears. (2000). Social Psychology. (10. ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
82. Tonnies. F.(1988). Community and Society. New Jersey: New Brunswick.
83. Triandis, H. C. (1995). Individualism and collectivism. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
84. Tsui, A. S. & O'Reilly III C. A. (1989). Beyond simple demographic effects: The importance of relational demography in supervisor - subordinate dyads. Academy of Management Journal, 32, 402-420.
85. Tsui, A.S., Egan, T.D. & Xin K. R. (1995). Diversity in organizations: Lessons from demography research, in M.M. Chemers, S. Oskamp, & M.A. Costanzo (Eds.), Diversity in organizations: New Perspectives for a changing workplace. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publishations, 191-219.
86. Turner, C. W., Hesse, B.W., & Peterson-Lewis, S. (1986). Naturalistic studies of the long-term effects of television violence. Journal of Social Issues, 42(3), 51-74.
87. Turner, J. C. (1975). Social comparison and social identity: Some prospects for intergroup behaviour. European Journal of Social Psychology, 5, 5-34.
88. Turner. J. C., Hogg, M. A., Oakes, P. J., Reicher, S. D. & Wetherell, M. S. (1987). Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorization theory. Oxford: Blackwell.
89. Urban, L. M., & Miller, N. (1998). A theoretical analysis of cross categorization effects: A metaanalysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 894-908.
90. Verity, John. & Hof, Robert. (1994). The internet: How it will change the way you do business. Business Week (Nov. 14).
91. Wasko, M. McLure. & Faraj, S. (2000). It is what one doeso: why people participate and help others in electronic communities of practice, Strategic Information Systems.
92. Wasko, M. McLure. & Faraj, S. (2003). The Web of knowledge: An Investigation of knowledge exchange in network of practive. (Working paper).
93. Wathne, K., Roos, J., & Krough, G. v. 1996. Towards a theory of knowledge transfer in a cooperative context. In G. v. Krogh & J. Roos (Eds.), Managing Knowledge Perspective on Cooperation and Competition, Vol. 1: 55-81. London: Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications.
94. Wellman, Barry. (1999). The network community-an Introduction to networks in the global village. ( http://www.class.utoronto.ca/~wellman/publications/glogalvillage/in.htm ). .
95. Wellman, Barry., Salaff, Janet., Dimitrova, Dimitrina., Garton, Laura., Gulia, Milena., & Haythornthwaite, Caroline. (1996). Computer networks as social networks: Collaborative work, telework, and virtual community. Annual Review of Sociology, P 213-238.
96. Wilbur, Shawn P. (1997). An archaeology of cyberspaces: virtuality, community, identity. In David Porter (ed.), Internet Culture. New York: Routledge, 5-22.
97. Wilder, David A. (1986). Social categorization: Implications for creation and reduction of intergroup bias. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology. Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
98. Witte, J, C., Amorso, L. M., & Howard, P. E. N. (2000). Research methodology: Method and representation in Internet-base survey tools - mobility, community, and cultural identity in Survey2000. Social Science Computer Review, 18(2):179-195.
99. Wood, A. F. & Smith,M. J.(2001).Online communication linking technology, identity & culture. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlabum.
100. Worsley, P. (1987). Community and urban life. New Modern Sociology Readings, London: Penguin Books.
101. Zander, Alvin (1994). Making Groups Effective (2nd ed. ). Jossey-Bass.

指導教授

范錚強、許通安
(Cheng-Kiang Farn、Tong-An Hsu)

審核日期

2004-7-18

推文