梁構件之振動式快速損傷診斷技術

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姓名

洪紹勛(Shao-Hsun Hung) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

梁構件之振動式快速損傷診斷技術
(A vibrational type fast damage diagnosis technique for beam element)

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摘要(中)

既有橋梁的損傷診斷是近期國內外工程界所關切的，其中如何能
夠快速又準確的進行橋梁損傷診斷，更是現在許多研究追求的目標，
本論文以量測結構自然頻率配合破壞力學及旋轉彈簧的概念進行損
傷位置與劣化程度診斷之計算，相較於傳統以載重實驗進行損傷診
斷，橋梁自然頻率的量測較為經濟與便捷，因此可達到快速損傷診斷
之目的。
本論文首先結合Anifantis 所提出的破壞力學及旋轉彈簧的損傷
模型概念，再來進一步的延伸至Liang 提出的損傷指標的計算。文中
搭配SAP2000 的數值模擬以及實際的鋁梁敲擊實驗進行此損傷診斷
方法的驗證，實驗中的自然頻率是藉著頻率域分解法(FDD)去的計算
由互易定理量測到的加速度訊號所得到的。最後更進一步的探討以理
論的模態振形及實際量測到的模態振形所計算的損傷位置與劣化程
度的結果，以及損傷產生前後可能面臨到的系統邊界條件改變之問
題。

摘要(英)

Damage assessment of existing bridge is currently concerned by most engineers in the world, especially those techniques with accuracy and efficiency. In this thesis, a fast damage diagnosis technique by means of measuring natural frequency and modal shapes is proposed. Compared with the damage diagnosis process by loading test, the vibrational type testing method is more economical and efficient.
The rotational spring modal for defect based on fracture energy theory proposed by Anifantis (1983) is applied into the damage index calculation method developed by Liang (1992) to form the damage diagnosis process of this thesis.
The accuracy and reasonableness of this newly proposed technique on detecting damage location and severity are verified by numerical simulations and laboratory tests on beams with various types of damage state. Those natural frequencies and modal shapes of structures are obtained from the reciprocal theorem of elastodynamics and the frequency domain decomposition (FDD) method. Some signal processing techniques on field measured data and the adjustment of boundary conditions in the structure modal are also addressed.

關鍵字(中)

★ FDD
★ 破壞力學
★ 損傷診斷
★ 旋轉彈簧
★ 損傷指標
★ 自然頻率
★ 模態振形

關鍵字(英)

★ fracture dynamics
★ frequency domain decomposition
★ rotational spring
★ damage index
★ damage diagnosis

論文目次

摘要··················································· I
ABSTRACT ············································ II
誌謝··················································· III
目錄··················································· V
表目錄················································· VII
圖目錄················································· IX
第一章緒論············································ 1
1.1 引言············································ 1
1.2 研究動機········································ 3
1.3 論文大綱········································ 4
第二章文獻回顧········································ 5
第三章損傷診斷的原理 ································· 10
3.1 理論背景········································ 10
3.2 旋轉彈簧勁度k 之推導 ··························· 15
3.3 損傷指標 ······································· 19
3.4 損傷位置(β )旋轉彈簧勁度(k)關係之推導··········· 23
3.5 進一步的探測損傷位置及深度 ····················· 27
3.6 非簡支梁的損傷診斷計算·························· 28
3.7 計算範例········································ 28
第四章數值模擬與實際實驗······························ 41
4.1 實驗方法理論···································· 41
4.2 實驗試體········································ 44
4.3 實驗設備 ······································· 48
4.4 數值模擬 ······································· 54
4.4.1數值模擬分析結果計算 ······················ 58
4.4.2損傷位置深度及深度計算結果探討 ············ 74
4.5 實驗室實驗 ····································· 77
4.5.1 力脈衝訊號之處理 ························· 77
4.5.2 計算傳遞函數H(ω ) ························ 80
4.5.3 以奇異值分解得自然頻率及模態·············· 81
4.6 計算實驗結果···································· 97
4.6.1 直接以實驗量測結果進行計算················ 97
4.6.2 搭配數值模型之模擬損傷前的自然頻率進行計算100
4.6.3 以實驗量得之模態進行計算················ 105
第五章結論與建議····································· 116
參考文獻·············································· 118

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指導教授

王仲宇(Chung-Yue Wang)

審核日期

2008-7-23

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