颱風過境時GPS對流層天頂向延遲時序分析

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姓名

謝昀錐(Yun-Chui Hsieh) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

颱風過境時GPS對流層天頂向延遲時序分析
(Time-series Analysis of GPS Tropospheric Zenith Delays during the Passage of a Typhoon)

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摘要(中)

颱風是侵襲台灣最嚴重的天氣系統。準確估計他們的路徑、強度、降雨以及風場是非常重要的，因為可以減少它們對農業、工業以及人類生命的傷害。大氣層的水氣含量是降雨量的來源，以及維持颱風動力的主要能量來源。GPS在颱風過境時期可以提供對流層天頂向延遲的量測。它的空間和時間分布，在監測颱風上是有價值的。所以我們應用GPS感測技術來監測這時期的對流層天頂向延遲。
本研究利用國土測繪中心e-GPS及宏遠儀器公司在北台灣地區設置的參考站，將接收的GPS資料進行本研究的分析。並使用本實驗室研發的ManGo軟體來解算各接收站的GPS訊號在大氣層所造成的延遲量。將這些接收站的天頂向延遲量以最小二乘配置法為內插模式，並隨著時間序列呈現對流層天頂向延遲面函數成果。

摘要(英)

Typhoons are the most serious weather systems that threaten Taiwan. Accurate prediction of their track, intensity, precipitation, and wind fields is extremely crucial to reduce their damages to agriculture, industry, and human life. Atmospheric water vapor is the source of precipitation, and a dominant element of the energy source to maintain the dynamics of the typhoons. Spatial and temporal distribution through GPS tropospheric zenith delays (TZD) is valuable in the monitoring of typhoons. We apply a GPS sensing technique to monitoring TZD during the period.
In this study, GPS data are analyzed from e-GPS stations and Control Signal Company in northern Taiwan. We use Managing GPS-data for orientation (ManGo) software to solve GPS signals for delay due to the atmosphere at the sites. And we interpolate these stations’ data for least squares collocation (LSC), and display the results with time series.

關鍵字(中)

★ 福衛三號
★ 全球定位系統
★ 對流層天頂向延遲
★ 最小二乘配置

關鍵字(英)

★ GPS
★ Tropospheric zenith delay
★ LSC
★ FORMOSAT-3

論文目次

目錄 I
圖目錄 III
表目錄 IV
第一章緒論 1
1-1 研究動機 1
1-2 文獻回顧 2
1-3 論文架構 4
第二章 GPS衛星測量理論基礎 5
2-1 GPS衛星之觀測量 5
2-1-1 虛擬距離觀測方程式 6
2-1-2 載波相位觀測方程式 8
2-1-3 映射函數 13
2-1-4 GPS衛星星曆 15
2-2 最小二乘混合平差模式 17
2-3 觀測資料之隨機模式 18
2-4 白化濾波理論與相位模稜搜尋 19
2-5 統計檢定 20
第三章多參考站TZDw演算法 22
3-1 參考站間RTZDw解算 22
3-2 模式化RTZDw 29
3-3 動態定位驗證 31
3-4 求取TZDw絕對量 33
3-4-1 福衛三號簡介 33
3-4-2 福衛三號資料解算 36
第四章實驗成果與分析 37
4-1 實驗資料背景 37
4-2 實驗成果 40
4-2-1 網形定位改正 41
4-2-2 結合福衛三號 43
4-2-3 多參考站TZDw 45
4-2-4 案例分析：韋帕颱風 52
第五章結論與建議 57
5-1 結論 57
5-2 建議 58
代號一覽表 59
參考文獻 61

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指導教授

吳究(Joz Wu)

審核日期

2009-6-30

推文