振動床於弱振動下顆粒運動機制研究

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姓名

黃大慶(Ta-Ching Huang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

機械工程學系

論文名稱

振動床於弱振動下顆粒運動機制研究
(Motion Mechanisms in the Vibrated Granular Bed Under Weakly Vibration)

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摘要(中)

本文探討矩形柱弱振動床中影響顆粒運動之機制與原因。由於振動床的弱振動運動現象在實驗中極易受到各種因素變化的影響，因此本研究以類固體層高度實驗設計探討影響振動床內顆粒運動的因素。探討不同振動條件時，類固體層的高度變化及類液體層的深度變化。
類固體層高度隨著振動加速度的增強而降低。在低振動頻率情形下，受到振動加速度的影響較為敏感，較小的振動加速度就可以達到充分的類液體化運動狀態；而在中等振動頻率的情形下，類固體層高度與振動加速度的關係，呈現比較緩和的負相關；在高振動頻率的情形下，需要較大的振動加速度才能使顆粒體達到充分類液體化運動狀態。在振動條件比較小的情形下，顆粒體聚集成塊狀如同固體一般，定義為完全類固體化區域。逐步得增強振動加速度，當振動條件超過一臨界值?s時，容器內顆粒體會開始發生類液體化運動現象；持續地增強振動加速度，當振動條件超過一臨界值?l時，容器內顆粒會達到充分類液體化運動現象。
本論文明確的決定出顆粒振動床在不同振動條件下的三種運動現象，完全類固體化運動區域(Completely Solid-Like Region)、類液體化運動區域(Liquid-Like Region)，充分類液體化運動區域(Fully Liquid-Like Region)並獲得各種不同振動頻率下的運動機制振動加速度相圖。

摘要(英)

In vibration granular bed. The study investigated the effects under weakly vibrating mechanisms in a rectangular vibrated bed. The main experiment were performed to study the weakly vibrating mechanisms in a vibrated granular bed. First, the solid-like experiment was performed to investigate the solid-like layer and the minimum vibration acceleration under the different vibration frequencies, which all the particles in the bed moved allover the bed. And the minimum vibration acceleration under the different vibration frequencies, which all the particles in the bed triggered off the bed.
The three different motion mechanisms were found in this study. The solid-like layer existed in Solid-Like Region motion mechanism where the vibration conditions were weak. In Liquid-Like Region mechanism where the binary mixture of particles. For the stronger vibration conditions, the effects of strength on particles motions in the vibrated granular bed were dominant.

關鍵字(中)

★ 振動床
★ 弱振動
★ 粒子流

關鍵字(英)

★ Vibrated Bed
★ Granular Flow
★ Weak Vibration

論文目次

摘要............................................................................................................. I
誌謝............................................................................................................II
目錄.......................................................................................................... III
附表目錄....................................................................................................V
附圖目錄.................................................................................................. VI
符號說明................................................................................................VIII
第一章簡介 1
1.1 顆粒流介紹 1
1.1.1顆粒體簡介 1
1.1.2顆粒流與一般流體之差異性 3
1.2 顆粒體在振動床內的現象 7
1.3 功能性梯度材料 12
1.4 研究動機與方向 16
第二章實驗方法 19
2.1 實驗設備 19
2.2 實驗步驟 25
2.3 實驗原理與方法 30
2.3.1實驗參數 30
2.3.2實驗量測方式及判別方法 32
第三章結果與討論 34
第四章結論與未來展望 49
第五章參考文獻 51
附表目錄
表1：功能性梯度材料的實際應用範圍 57
附圖目錄
圖1：功能性梯度材料的特徵圖 58
圖2：實驗研究流程圖 59
圖3：實驗裝置圖 60
圖4：實驗容器示意圖 61
圖5：實驗顆粒初始配置圖 62
圖6：類固體層高度及類液體層深度示意圖 63
圖7：振動頻率為2 kHz、?＝7時，類液體化運動區域
大於10 mm實驗示意圖 64
圖8：振動頻率為2 kHz、?＝4時，類液體化運動區域
小於10 mm實驗示意圖 65
圖9：充分類液體化運動現象實驗示意圖 66
圖10：類固體層高度與振動加速度的關係圖 67
圖11：不同振動頻率下，?s與?l比較的關係圖 68
圖12：類固體層高度與(a/d)對數座標關係圖 69
圖13：類固體層高度與振動速度幅度的關係圖 70
圖14：振動頻率為100 Hz時，各振動條件之紅色玻璃珠
與透明玻璃珠混合層深度與時間的關係圖 71
圖15：振動頻率為200 Hz時，各振動條件之紅色玻璃珠
與透明玻璃珠混合層深度與時間的關係圖 72
圖16：振動頻率為400 Hz時，各振動條件之紅色玻璃珠
與透明玻璃珠混合層深度與時間的關係圖 73
圖17：振動頻率為2 kHz時，各振動條件之紅色玻璃珠
與透明玻璃珠混合層深度與時間的關係圖 74
圖18：振動頻率為3 kHz時，各振動條件之紅色玻璃珠
與透明玻璃珠混合層深度與時間的關係圖 75
圖19：振動頻率為4 kHz時，各振動條件之紅色玻璃珠
與透明玻璃珠混合層深度與時間的關係圖 76
圖20：各振動條件之紅色玻璃珠與透明玻璃珠混合層深度
初始成長速率與?的關係圖 77
圖21：各振動條件之紅色玻璃珠與透明玻璃珠混合層深度
初始成長速率與(a/d)對數座標關係圖 78
圖22：各振動條件下三種運動機制的相圖 79

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第五章參考文獻
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指導教授

蕭述三(Shu-San Hsiau)

審核日期

2005-7-12

推文