具液晶移相干涉術之適應光學系統

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姓名

鍾政英(Cheng-Ying Chung) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

機械工程學系

論文名稱

具液晶移相干涉術之適應光學系統
(ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS WITH LIQUID-CRYSTAL PHASE-SHIFT INTERFEROMETRY)

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摘要(中)

本論文研發出利用液晶(liquid crystal device，LCD)移相干涉術(phase-shift interferometry，PSI)來偵測光波前的適應性光學(adaptive optics)系統，可用來即時修正因外來擾動所造成之像差。它主要包含三個部份：波前感測器(wavefront sensor，WFS)、波前修正器(wavefront corrector)與補償控制器(reconstruction controller)。
　　文中提出Mach-Zehnder之徑向剪切式(radial shear)干涉術架構成功地動態偵測波前，此方式在光路設計上可避免Sagnac架構波前耦合問題。LCD經由一精準相位校正方式與瞬間向列驅動方法，可正確快速地於5ms內完成三步PSI動作，並搭配光二極體陣列(photodiode array，PA)來量測干涉光強，可即時偵測重建波前相位變化情形。此干涉式波前偵測器之相位資訊即時回饋至嵌入式(embedded)數位訊號處理器(digital signal processor，DSP)，經由比例積分微分(proportional-integral-derivative，PID)控制法則計算出控制訊號，再經由可調變聚焦鏡(deformable mirror，DM)來動態修正波前。目前，整體適應性光學系統於五個輸出入通道下，控制迴圈速度可達30Hz以上。於數Hz熱干擾下，雜訊可被抑制20dB以上，穩態相位標準差低於0.02π rms，而輸出光的Strehl ratio可從0.5大幅升至0.9，明顯增加輸出光之聚焦效率，降低因外來干擾所造成之像差問題。

摘要(英)

An adaptive optics system with liquid crystal device (LCD) phase-shift interferometry (PSI) has been developed to compensate aberration in real time. The adaptive optics system consists of three main components: wavefront sensor, wavefront corrector, and reconstruction controller.
In this thesis, a Mach-Zehnder radial shearing interferometer has successfully detected the dynamic wavefront. Unlike the Sagnac setup, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer can avoid the coupling effect between the measurement wavefront and reference wavefront from the interferometry system.
To measure the variation of wavefront in real time, we use the LCD to rapidly and precisely achieve PSI within 5ms based on a precise phase calibration and overdriving method, and photodiode array (PA) to record the three interference patterns. The wavefront signals are transmitted to the embedded digital signal processor (DSP) based on the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control rule to generate the control signals which will be sent to DM. Thus, the aberration of the wavefront are corrected dynamically.
The developed multichannel adaptive optics system has the bandwidth of the control loop up to 30Hz. The experimental results to control several Hertz thermal turbulence demonstrate that the steady state error of the wavefront phase was under 0.02π rms and the signal-to-noise ratio improvement is better than 20dB. Also, the Strehl ratio of the focusing spot can be increased from 0.5 to 0.9.

關鍵字(中)

★ 適應性光學系統
★ 波前感測
★ 像差修正
★ 移相干涉術

關鍵字(英)

★ Adaptive Optics System
★ wavefront sensor
★ aberration correction
★ phase-shift interferometry

論文目次

目錄
摘要 I
英文摘要 III
致謝 IV
目錄 V
圖表目錄 VII
第一章　序論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 文獻回顧 2
1-3 研究目的 4
1-4 論文架構 5
第二章　適應性光學 7
2-1 大氣擾動對波前之影響 7
2-2 適應性光學系統架構 10
2-2-1 Sagnac干涉架構 10
2-2-2 Mach-Zehnder干涉架構 13
第三章　波前感測與修正 15
3-1 波前量測方式 15
3-1-1 Shack-Hartmann波前感測 16
3-1-2 剪切式干涉術 16
3-2 液晶移相干涉儀 20
3-2-1 移相干涉術與液晶可調變延遲器 21
3-2-2 液晶可調變延遲器之驅動電路 25
3-2-3 移相之步階電壓尋找與動態反應 26
3-2-4 陣列式光偵測器 30
3-2-5 相位重建 31
3-3 波前修正 34
3-3-1 陣列式可調變聚焦鏡 34
3-3-2 多通道高電壓驅動器 35
第四章　DSP控制器 38
4-1 嵌入式DSP系統 38
4-2 多通道控制機制 41
4-3 控制流程 45
第五章　結果與討論 47
5-1 Sagnac適應性光學 47
5-2 Mach-Zehnder適應性光學 57
第六章　結論 80
參考文獻 82

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指導教授

陳顯禎、葉則亮
(Shean-Jen Chen、Tse-Liang Yeh)

審核日期

2005-7-11

推文