剪力槽內大小顆粒體的分離研究

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簡思佳(Szu-Chia Chien) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

剪力槽內大小顆粒體的分離研究
(The segregation of different size particles in a shear cell)

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摘要(中)

近來顆粒體的混合與分離在一般日常生活與工業技術上皆有廣泛且重要的發展，剪力槽內粒子流的相關研究大多著重於混合與傳輸機制，顆粒體分離現象方面，只要顆粒體尺寸、密度上有些微的差異就足以產生不同的顆粒體分離現象。
本文主要以剪力槽中粒子流動的實驗來探討轉盤的切線速度、粒徑比及顆粒初始配置對大小顆粒體分離的影響。本文所使用的剪力槽是上盤固定、下盤轉動的環形槽，實驗中有0.66m/s、0.88m/s、1.10m/s、1.32m/s及1.54 m/s等五種不同的轉盤的切線速度，大小顆粒的粒徑比有1.15、1.33、1.5及2.0等四種。當底盤轉動後，剪力槽內會形成大顆粒往上、小顆粒往下的分離現象。本文的實驗即以追蹤大顆粒的位置來分析大顆粒的平均高度及濃度分佈，並且定義出分離強度Is，以作為衡量分離現象的指標。由實驗的結果分析顯示，各種實驗條件下，分離強度隨著時間的增加而增強，並且呈指數關係成長，因此可利用曲線擬合算出初始階段分離的速率，即分離率k。當轉盤的切線速度越快或粒徑比越大時，分離率越快且可達到較高的分離強度；所以在本研究粒徑比範圍內推斷出影響分離現象為粒徑比較顯著於底盤速度。

摘要(英)

In this study, an annular shear cell is used to investigate the influences of bottom velocity, diameter ratio and initial pattern arrangement on the segregation of particles with different sizes. The annular shear cell is consisted of a stationary top-disk and a rotating bottom-disk. Five bottom-disk velocities (0.66 m/s, 0.88 m/s, 1.10 m/s, 1.32 m/s and 1.54 m/s) and four diameter ratio (1.15, 1.33, 1.5 and 2.0) are used in our experiments. With the rotating bottom-disk, the big particles move to the upper section, while the small particles fall down to the lower section. This study traces the positions of big particles to analyze their averaged heights and concentration profiles. The segregation strength, Is, is defined as an index to quantify the degree of segregation. In all cases, the segregation strength increases exponentially with increasing rotating time. The segregation rate, k, at initial stage can be calculated from a least square curve fitting. With larger bottom-disk velocity or larger diameter ratio, the segregation rate is faster, and the segregation strength of steady status is also larger.

關鍵字(中)

★ 顆粒
★ 分離強度
★ 剪力槽
★ 分離率

關鍵字(英)

★ segregation rate.
★ segregation strength
★ particle
★ shear cell

論文目次

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 xi
符號說明 xii
第一章簡介 - 1 -
1.1粒子流簡介 - 1 -
1.2剪力流研究歷史 - 3 -
1.3分離現象研究 - 5 -
1.3.1分離效應 - 5 -
1.3.2 表面流的分離現象 - 8 -
1.3.2.1放射狀分離 - 8 -
1.3.2.2剪力層分離 - 8 -
1.3.2.3軸向分離 - 8 -
1.3.3 量測分離的技術 - 9 -
1.3.4剪力槽中顆粒的分離 - 10 -
1.4研究方向與架構 - 12 -
1.4.1研究動機 - 12 -
1.4.2研究目的 - 13 -
第二章實驗方法 - 14 -
2.1 實驗設備 - 14 -
2.1.1 剪力槽裝置 - 14 -
2.1.2 顆粒體 - 16 -
2.1.3 觀測及量測儀器 - 17 -
2.1.3.1數位式電子秤(Electronic Weighing Scale)- 17 -
2.1.3.2測頻器(Digital Tachometer) - 17 -
2.1.3.3測高器 - 18 -
2.1.3.4影像擷取系統 - 18 -
2.1.3.5光源 - 19 -
2.2 實驗原理與方法 - 20 -
2.2.1 影像處理分析方法 - 20 -
2.3分離指標(Segregation Indices) - 21 -
2.4 實驗步驟 - 22 -
2.5 誤差校正 - 25 -
2.5.1 誤差來源 - 25 -
2.5.2 誤差校正 - 25 -
第三章結果與討論 - 26 -
3.1 大小粒子的位置分佈圖 - 29 -
3.2 濃度隨剪力槽高度與時間變化的關係 - 33 -
3.3 分離強度、粒徑比、轉盤的切線速度的不同隨時間變化的關係 - 43 -
3.3.1 轉盤的切線速度對分離的影響 - 43 -
3.3.2 粒徑比對分離的影響 - 47 -
3.4分離率 - 52 -
3.5 初始配置的不同對分離的影響 - 60 -
第四章結論 - 65 -
4.1 結論 - 65 -
4.2未來發展 - 66 -
參考文獻 - 67 -

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中央機械工程研究所碩士論文

指導教授

蕭述三(Shu-San Hsiau)

審核日期

2007-7-11

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