金屬氫化物氫壓縮機與高壓儲氫合金之研發與應用

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陳詠星(Yung-Hsing Chen) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

金屬氫化物氫壓縮機與高壓儲氫合金之研發與應用
(Developments and applications of metal hydride hydrogen compressor with high-pressure hydrogen storage alloys)

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摘要(中)

為拓展儲氫合金的應用，本研究自行建構一金屬氫化物氫壓縮機系統，此系統設計可進行單階段或二階段氫壓縮測試模式，且可在單階段氫壓縮時連續釋放高壓氫氣，並選用AB5型La0.5Ce0.5Ni5-xAlx (x=0, 0.1, 0.2)與AB2型Ti1-yZryMn0.8Cr1.2 (y= 0.1, 0.2)系列合金，作為單階段氫壓縮機材料。
合金以真空電弧熔煉法熔配，經由X光粉繞射分析、PCI測試、吸放氫動力學測試及Van’t Hoff曲線探討後可知，La0.5Ce0.5Ni5-xAlx系列合金中，由於Ce取代La造成合金晶格體積變小，因此提高合金吸放氫平台壓，但遲滯也跟著變大，而隨著Al取代量增加可略為降低遲滯影響，但也造成吸放氫平台壓下降。而在Ti1-yZryMn0.8Cr1.2合金中，晶格體積隨著Zr含量增加而變大，而大幅降低合金吸放氫平台壓。
由二系列合金中，選La0.5Ce0.5Ni5與Ti0.9Zr0.1Mn0.8Cr1.2合金以單階段氫壓縮機進行測試，可在100℃下分別達到117atm與132atm放氫壓力，並於140℃時，二者皆可達到200atm放氫壓力，而Ti0.9Zr0.1Mn0.8Cr1.2合金於各溫度下放氫壓力較高且放氫動力學較佳，明顯優於La0.5Ce0.5Ni5合金。

摘要(英)

In order to expanded applications of hydrogen storage alloys, a metal hydride hydrogen compressor was developed in this work. The compressor operated with two mode, single-stage compression and double-stages compression. In single-stage mode, the compressor could supply high-pressure hydrogen continually. Materials selected was AB5-based La0.5Ce0.5Ni5-xAlx (x=0, 0.1, 0.2) alloys and AB2-based Ti1-yZryMn0.8Cr1.2 (y= 0.1, 0.2) alloys for single-stage compression.
All samples were prepared by arc-melting in argon atmosphere and characterized by XRD, PCI tests, kinetic tests and discussed with Van’t Hoff equations. In La0.5Ce0.5Ni5-xAlx (x=0, 0.1, 0.2) series alloys, the replacement of La by Ce decreased unit cell volume of alloys and resulted in plateau pressure increased. And Ce substitution also increased hysteresis effect. With increased Al contents, both plateau pressure and hysteresis were decreased. In Ti1-yZryMn0.8Cr1.2 (y= 0.1, 0.2) series alloys, Ti was replaced by Zr, and with increased Zr contents, the plateau pressure was decreased. These resulted from the increase of unit cell volume caused by Zr substitution.
From two series alloys, La0.5Ce0.5Ni5 and Ti0.9Zr0.1Mn0.8Cr1.2 were selected for single-stage compressor. In the compression tests, La0.5Ce0.5Ni5 and Ti0.9Zr0.1Mn0.8Cr1.2 could produce 117atm and 132atm hydrogen at 100℃ respectively. And when the temperature was raised to 140℃, both two alloys could produce 200atm hydrogen. In comparison of these two alloys, the compression properties of Ti0.9Zr0.1Mn0.8Cr1.2 were better than La0.5Ce0.5Ni5.

關鍵字(中)

★ 儲氫合金
★ 金屬氫化物氫壓縮機

關鍵字(英)

★ Metal hydride hydrogen compressor
★ Hydrogen storage alloys

論文目次

中文摘要…………………………...………………...........………………i
英文摘要.........................................................................................ii
誌謝.............................................................................................iii
目錄…………………………………………………..............…….…iv
圖目錄……………………………………………………......…...….…vi
表目錄……………………………………………..……………......…viii
一、前言與文獻回顧…………………………….………………………1
1-1 儲氫合金與金屬氫化物氫壓縮機……………………………….1
1-2 儲氫合金吸放氫特性…………………………………………….2
1-2-1 吸放氫動力學性質……………………………………….2
1-2-2 熱力學性質……………………………………………….3
1-2-3 儲氫合金特性應用－金屬氫化物氫壓縮機…………….7
1-3 儲氫合金種類與介紹…………………………………………….8
1-3-1 稀土基AB5型…………………………………………….9
1-3-2 Laves相AB2型………………………...…………………9
1-3-3 鈦基AB型……………………………………………….10
1-3-4 鎂基A2B型………………………………………………10
1-3-5 金屬氫化物氫壓縮機用材料……………...………………11
二、研究背景與目的…………………………….………………………15
三、金屬氫化物氫壓縮機設計…………………..………….….…………16
3-1 氫壓縮機系統介紹……………………………………………...16
3-2 自製金屬氫化物氫壓縮機系統………………………………...17
3-2-1 氫壓縮機系統設計…………………………………...…17
3-2-2 氫壓縮機運作模式…………….……………………….19
四、儲氫合金製備與性質測試…………………………………………22
4-1 實驗方法與流程………………………………………………...22
4-2 儲氫合金製備流程……………………………………………...23
4-3 X光粉末繞射分析………………...…………………………24
4-4 合金儲放氫特性測試…………………………………………...24
4-4-1 活化處理…………………………………………………...24
4-4-2 動力學曲線……………………………………………...…24
4-4-3 PCI特性曲線…………………………………………..…25
4-5氫壓縮測試…………………...…………………………………25
五、結果與討論…………………………………………………………..26
5-1鑄態結構分析…………………………………………………...26
5-2 PCI特性曲線……………………...…………………………….28
5-3 Van’t Hoff曲線…………………….…………………………..31
5-4 吸放氫動力學曲線……………………………………………...34
5-5氫壓縮測試....................................................................37
六、結論.......................................................................39
七、未來工作.....................................................................40
八、參考文獻.............................................................41

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指導教授

李勝隆(Shen-long Lee)

審核日期

2009-7-23

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