博碩士論文 963306002 詳細資訊




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姓名 邱彥斌(Yan-pin Chiu)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 環境工程研究所在職專班
論文名稱 利用Fe3O4磁性奈米顆粒處理砷化鎵研磨廢水
(Magnetic-Seeding Aggregation of Nanoparticles from GaAs Grinding Wastewater)
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摘要(中) 一般處理砷化鎵研磨廢水須添加大量混凝劑,並且會產生大量污泥,而所添加之混凝劑無法再次利用,因而提高廢水處理成本及環境上之負荷,由於市售的磁性顆粒粒徑較大,單位重量所含的顆粒數較少,基於成本及處理效率的考量,本研究群前期已利用自行製備的氧化鐵奈米顆粒(Fe3O4)。
利用合成的Fe3O4磁性奈米顆粒處理實廠的砷化鎵研磨廢水,以Fe3O4磁性顆粒與研磨廢水中的砷化鎵顆粒於不同的條件下,對濁度及總懸浮固體物去除之影響,如pH值、劑量,且利用Fe3O4顆粒具有磁性的特性,靜置於1000 Gauss外加磁場下以提升處理效率,並利用回收再利用氧化鐵磁性污泥,藉以延長氧化鐵顆粒再處理砷化鎵研磨廢水的能力及減少廢水處理成本。由實驗結果發現,在操作條件控制在pH=7時,濁度及總懸浮固體物去除效率為最佳,可達到98 %,而Fe3O4劑量控制在0.145 g 的Fe3O4量最佳,濁度為2.96 NTU,砷濃度為1 mg/L。以SDS 溶液處理氧化鐵砷化鎵污泥後,可連續處理10次砷化鎵研磨廢水,其濁度為76.5 NTU,SS去除效率95.4 %,累積去除的SS重為5.622 g/L。Fe3O4磁性顆粒操作成本低於混凝處理法,數次Fe3O4磁性顆粒回用分離處理操作成本則可降低至110.5元/m3,低於混凝處理法之操作成本141.3元/m3。
利用磁種凝聚作用將廢水中的砷化鎵顆粒與磁性奈米顆粒(Fe3O4) 碰撞凝聚,不僅只受到重力的沈降,也受到磁力的作用使得去除率提高且沈降也更快速,且投入的氧化鐵顆粒可回收再利用於廢水處理系統中,因此對於砷化鎵研磨廢水的處理,可說是發展了一個操作簡單、快速、減少廢水處理成本及污泥產生量的處理程序。
摘要(英) Magnetic seeding aggregation has been developed to remove GaAs nanoparticles from GaAs grinding wastewaters. Since the number of particles per unit weight of the commercial magnetite is very small due to its large size; therefore, magnetite nanoparticles are required to have efficient removal efficiency of theturbidity. In this study,the recovery of magnetite nanoparticles by different types and concentrations of surfactants.
Synthesized magnetite nanoparticles were then used in the magnetic seeding aggregation of GaAs grinding wastewaters. Influences of solution pH, dasage on the removal efficiency of GaAs nanoparticles were examined, and application of an external magnetic 1000 Gauss field during sedimentation. Experimental results showed that when the solution pH = 7, the removal efficiency of the turbidity is the highest, which is about 98 %, Fe3O4=0.145 g have efficient removal efficiency of theturbidity is 2.96 NTU, As=1 mg/L.
When magnetite-GaAs nanoparticles aggregates settled down in an external magnetic field, besides gravity, they also experienced magnetic forces, which enhance the settling velocity. Hence, high removal efficiency could be achieved in a much shorter time.
關鍵字(中) ★ 磁性顆粒
★ 磁種凝聚
★ 砷化鎵研磨廢水
關鍵字(英) ★ magnetite
★ arsenic grinding wastewater
★ magnetic seeding aggregation
論文目次 目 錄
摘 要 i
Abstract ii
誌 謝 iii
目 錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 ix
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究緣起 1
1.2 研究目的 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1 砷化鎵產業介紹 3
2.1.1 台灣砷化鎵產業的發展現況 3
2.1.2 台灣砷化鎵代工產業概況 3
2.1.3 砷化鎵半導體製程 7
2.2 砷的特性及毒性 10
2.2.1 砷的來源 10
2.2.2 砷的特性 10
2.2.3 砷的毒性 12
2.3 砷化鎵研磨廢水的特性及處理 13
2.3.1 砷化鎵廢水性質 13
2.3.2 含砷廢水處理技術 16
2.3.3 實廠砷化鎵廢水處理技術 20
2.4 膠體顆粒的基本性質及凝集理論 23
2.4.1 膠體顆粒的基本性質 23
2.4.2 膠體顆粒的凝集理論 27
2.5 磁性分離概述 31
2.5.1 界面活性劑之性質及分類 31
2.5.2 離子型界面活性劑吸附於固體表面之機制 33
2.5.3 界面活性劑於工業上之應用 34
2.5.4 物質的磁性原理及分類 35
2.5.5 磁性分離於環工上之應用 36
第三章 實驗材料、設備與方法 39
3.1 Fe3O4 磁性奈米顆粒的製備 39
3.1.1 實驗材料與設備 39
3.1.2 實驗步驟 40
3.2 Fe3O4-GaAs顆粒之磁種凝聚作用 41
3.2.1 實驗材料與設備 41
3.2.2 廢水來源 42
3.2.3 實驗步驟 42
3.2.4 性質量測 45
3.3 氧化鐵污泥之回用 46
3.3.1 實驗材料與設備 46
3.3.2 實驗步驟 47
3.4 氧化鐵污泥之分離 49
3.4.1 實驗材料與設備 49
3.4.2 實驗步驟 49
3.5 操作成本分析 50
3.5.1 混凝處理操作成本 50
3.5.2 Fe3O4磁性處理操作成本 50
第四章 結果與討論 51
4.1 砷化鎵研磨基本水質分析 51
4.2 pH值對磁種凝聚作用的影響 52
4.2.1 pH對系統濁度去除之影響 56
4.3 Fe3O4 slurry劑量的影響 59
4.4 氧化鐵污泥之回用 62
4.5 氧化鐵污泥之分離 64
4.6 操作成本分析 66
第五章 結論與建議 70
5.1 結論 70
5.2 建議 71
參考文獻 73
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指導教授 秦靜如(Ching-ju Chin) 審核日期 2009-7-9
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