醋酸與乙酸異丁酯於常壓下之汽、液平衡
與加鹽之效應

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姓名

邱振洋(Cheng-yang Chiu) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

化學工程與材料工程學系

論文名稱

醋酸與乙酸異丁酯於常壓下之汽、液平衡與加鹽之效應

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摘要(中)

本研究主要探討醋酸與乙酸異丁酯於一大氣壓下之汽液相平衡，採用汽相循環式汽液平衡，進行常壓下之汽液相平衡實驗，溫度與汽液相組成分別由熱偶計量得與GC分析之。
在雙成份系統中，多重共沸是一種很特殊的情形，然而醋酸與乙酸異丁酯於常壓下的汽液平衡即會產生兩個共沸點。在數據處理方面，數據能通過Fredenslund所提出的點對點的熱力學一致性測試，再以UNIQUAC、 NRTL、 van Laar模式與Legendre polynomial進行迴歸，比較迴歸結果可判斷Legendre polynomial對此系統的擬合度較好。
為了去除共沸點，加入醋酸鉀於此系統中直到達到飽合溶液並重新量測汽液平衡之數據。由其結果可知加入此鹽類後可使得共沸點消失。

摘要(英)

In this research, the isobaric vapor-liquid equilibrium data for isobutyl acetate and acetic acid were measured at atmospheric pressure. A condensed vapor phase recirculating apparatus is used for our experiment. The equilibrium temperature was measured by thermocouple, the vapor and liquid samples were analyzed by GC to determine the compositions。
Polyazeotropy in binary systems is a uncommon behavior of vapor-liquid equilibrium at a given pressure or temperature. Isobutyl acetate and acetic acid mixture exists two azeotropes at 101.3kPa. Experimental data are thermodynamically consistent according to the point-to-point test of Fredenslund and the data were correlated using NRTL、UNIQUAC、van Laar model and Legendre polynomial.
In order to remove the azeotropes , potassium acetate was added to the mixture and run the experiments. It is found that azeotropes disappear by salt effect.

關鍵字(中)

★ 多重共沸
★ 汽液平衡

關鍵字(英)

★ vapor-liquid equilibria

論文目次

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目錄 III
表目錄 V
圖目錄 VI
符號說明 VII
第一章緒論與文獻回顧 1
1-1 緒論 1
1-2 雙重共沸文獻回顧 2
1-3 活性係數模式文獻回顧 4
1-4 數據分析文獻回顧 5
第二章理論與數據處理 9
2-1 汽液相平衡理論 9
2-1.1汽相逸壓係數 9
2-1.2 液相標準狀態逸壓 10
2-2活性係數 11
2-3熱力學一致性測試 11
2-4 目標函數 12
第三章實驗 14
3-1 實驗裝置 14
3-2 實驗藥品 14
3-3 分析儀器 14
3-4 分析條件 15
3-5 檢量線配製 15
3-6 實驗步驟 15
第四章結果與討論 17
4-1 醋酸與乙酸異丁酯兩成份檢量線 17
4-2 熱力學一致性檢驗 17
4-3估計變異數的檢定 17
4-4 乙酸異丁酯與醋酸兩成份汽液平衡 18
4-5 加鹽後之汽、液平衡 20
第五章結論 21
參考文獻 22
附錄A. 液相模式 42
附錄B. 過剩吉布士自由能與活性係數關係式的推導 44

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指導教授

李亮三(Liang-sun Lee)

審核日期

2005-7-13

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