探討光照對Aureobasidium  pullulans生產胞外多醣之影響

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姓名

張彥華(Yen-hua Chang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

化學工程與材料工程學系

論文名稱

探討光照對Aureobasidium pullulans生產胞外多醣之影響
(The effect of light on the production of the fungal extracellular polysaccharide by Aureobasidium pullulans)

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摘要(中)

黑酵母(Aureobasidium pullulans)所分泌的胞外多醣體是一種線性直鏈高分子，名為普魯藍多醣(Pullulan)，因為結構與其他物理、化學性質特殊，廣泛的應用於食品、醫藥工業方面。
本論文是探討「光」此類的環境因子對於A. pullulans生產胞外多醣之影響。探討的方式是利用白光、紅光、藍光三種不同光波長的光源在不同光強度下對Aureobasidium pullulans發酵所產生的效應。
實驗結果發現於pH 4.8、攪拌式發酵槽中，所有光源均能夠加速碳源利用，藍光LED 600 lux、白光LED 200 lux、400 lux 則會對胞外多醣轉化率產生抑制的現象。而以白光 400 lux具有最大抑制性。低強度的藍光100 lux、200 lux能提升基質對產物胞外多醣轉化率與產率，基質對產物胞外多醣轉化率依序提升至0.41、0.45，為避光0.35的1.17、1.28倍；產率部分依序提升1.57、1.9倍。並且於胞外多醣產量最高值下，副產物黑色素含量分別為0.62、0.66 g/L，較避光組0.54 g/L 分別提升了15 %、22%。紅光200 lux、600 lux無助於基質對產物轉化率，均為0.31，略為下降11%；但於多醣產量最高值下，副產物黑色素含量分別為0.44、0.47 g/L，均約下降了20%。
以上發現照光會對Aureobasidium pullulans產生影響性，隨著不同波長的光源而有不同的效應。藍光能夠提升胞外多醣轉化率，可以降低發酵成本；而紅光能抑制黑色素產量，有助於降低純化多醣的成本。

摘要(英)

Pullulan is a linear homopolysaccharide that is produced extracellularly by Aureobasidium pullulans. It has been processing in application of food industry and pharmaceutical industry because of it’s unique physical and chemical properties.
My study was investigated the effect of light wavelength and intensity on the accumulation of extrapolysaccharides (EPS) by Aureobasidium pullulans. The fungus Aureobasidium pullulans was grown in white light, red light (640 nm) and blue light (470 nm) with difffernt intensity。
The fermentor is constant stirring tank reactor (CSTR) fermentations with constant pH of 4.8. All the radiation of light accelerated consumption of carbon source in the stirred tank. The pH is 4.8. LED blue light (200 lux) and white light (200lux、400 lux) would inhibit the yield of EPS significately. The white light (400 lux) has the highlest ability to inhibit the yield of EPS. Low intensity of blue light (100 lux、200 lux) could promote the yield coefficient of EPS and yields of melanin. These yield coefficient of EPS were 17% (0.41 g/g)、28% (0.45 g/g) higher than the dark group (0.35 g/g). These productivity of EPS are 57%、90% higher than the dark group. These yields of melanin were also 15% (0.62 g/L)、22% (0.66 g/L) higher than the dark group (0.54 g/L) at the maximum of EPS. The red light (200 lux、600 lux) could reduce the yields of melanin about 20% but no use on the yield of EPS.
These findings suggest that the radiation of differential light could exert influences on Aureobasidium pullulans. The blue light could promote EPS and melanin. The red light could reduce the yield of melanin.

關鍵字(中)

★ 黑酵母
★ 黑色素
★ 胞外多醣
★ 光

關鍵字(英)

★ light
★ melanin
★ exopolysaccharides
★ Aureobasidium pullulans

論文目次

摘要 I
Abstract III
誌謝 V
目錄 VI
圖目錄 VIII
表目錄 X
第一章緒論 1
1-1 研究背景 1
1-2 研究目的 2
1-3 研究架構 3
第二章文獻回顧 4
2-1 真菌 4
2-1.1 真菌介紹 4
2-1.2 真菌分類表 6
2-1.3 黑酵母(Aureobasidium pullulans )之介紹 7
2-2 真菌多醣體(Polysaccharides) 10
2-2.1 多醣體 10
2-2.2 胞外多醣 11
2-3 普魯藍多醣(Pullulan) 12
2-3.1 普魯藍多醣的介紹 12
2-3.2 普魯藍多醣的結構 14
2-3.3 普魯藍多醣的合成 16
2-3.4 普魯藍多醣的應用 17
2-4黑色素(Melanin) 19
2-5 影響發酵的物理化學因子 19
2-5.1 培養基組成 20
2-5.2 溫度 23
2-5.3 pH值 23
2-5.4 通氣量 24
2-5.5 發酵槽型式 24
2-5.6 光 26
2-5.7 光接收器 28
第三章實驗規劃、材料與方法 32
3-1 實驗規劃 32
3-2 實驗材料 33
3-2.1 實驗菌株 33
3-2.2 實驗藥品 34
3-2.3實驗儀器與設備 36
3-3實驗方法 38
3-3.1 菌種保存 38
3-3.2 培養基組成 38
3-3.3 搖瓶實驗培養 42
3-3.4 發酵槽培養 42
3-3.5 實驗分析方法 45
第四章實驗結果與討論 49
4-1 搖瓶培養實驗 49
4-1.1 白光強度對Aureobasidium pullulans搖瓶發酵生產胞外多醣之影響 50
4-1.2 紅光對於Aureobasidium pullulans搖瓶發酵生產胞外多醣之影響 54
4-1.3 藍光對於Aureobasidium pullulans搖瓶發酵生產胞外多醣之影響 58
4-2 攪拌式發酵槽培養實驗 62
4-3 發酵槽實驗之避光組與對照組Aureobasidium pullulans生產胞外發酵槽動力曲線圖之影響 63
4-4 發酵槽實驗之藍光與紅光強度對Aureobasidium pullulans生產胞外多醣發酵槽動力曲線圖之影響 66
4-4.1 紅光及藍光強度對於Aureobasidium pullulans發酵時間的影響 70
4-4.2 藍光與紅光強度對於Aureobasidium pullulans生產菌體的影響 70
4-4.3 藍光強度對於Aureobasidium pullulan生產產物的影響 72
4-4.4 紅光強度對於Aureobasidium pullulans生產產物的影響 73
4-5 白光對於Aureobasidium pullulans於攪拌式發酵槽產胞外發酵槽動力曲線圖之影響 75
4-5.1 白光強度對於Aureobasidium pullulans發酵時間的影響 78
4-5.2 白光強度對於Aureobasidium pullulans生產菌體的影響 78
4-5.3 白光強度對於Aureobasidium pullulans生產產物的影響 78
4-6光波長對Aureobasidium pullulans生產黑色素動力曲線圖之影響 80
4-6.1 光波長對於Aureobasidium pullulans生產黑色素之影響 82
第五章結論與相關建議 84
5-1結論 84
5-2建議: 85
第六章參考文獻 86

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指導教授

徐敬衡(Chin-hang Shu)

審核日期

2009-7-15

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