斜坡滑動土體底部之流體化過程研究

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姓名

張藝耀(Yi-Yao Chang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

斜坡滑動土體底部之流體化過程研究
(The mobilization process of landslide blocks at different slopes)

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摘要(中)

本文探討引發山崩的因素，以及山崩的土體滑動過程中之破壞特性與與能量傳輸機制，探討斜坡土體崩解底部流體化過程，以期對於坡地災害防治能有所貢獻。本文從邊坡的穩定、受地震破壞之流體化特性、侷限顆粒之壓力特性，並由侷限顆粒流體化實驗探討山崩的土體滑動過程中之崩解機制。本文設計出侷限顆粒同步實驗，使侷限顆粒之運動可視為獨立運動，以更接近滑動塊體的崩解運動。本文發現流體化層顆粒具滾動特性而非滑動，這特性明顯降低侷限顆粒體摩擦組力，流體化層的厚度對侷限顆粒體摩擦阻力有顯著的影響，單層流體化層之侷限顆粒體的摩擦阻力明顯高於俱多層流體化層侷限顆粒體。侷限顆粒體底部顆粒的運動可分為兩個階段，第一階段由滑動發展為滾動，摩擦係數隨著速度增加而遞減；第二階段為滾動狀態並發展出流體化層，摩擦係數隋著速度的增加而增加，為線性變化。底部的開口越大流體化層越厚，整體顆粒的運動速度越快，實驗發現局限顆粒流體化層最高可達四層。

摘要(英)

The slope failures and the mobilization process of landslide blocks at different slopes are examined in this study by employing both theoretical analysis and experimental work to be helpful for the prevention and prediction of slope hazard mitigation. The study includes slope stability analyses, the fluidized mechanism of the landslide mass at bottom and the pressure analyses of confined dry granular material at bottom in order to know the mobilization process of landslide blocks. The mobilization process of landslide blocks at different slopes are examined by experimental work and theoretical analysis in this study. A special synchronized observation system for the mobilization block is developed in this study. The bottom mobilization process has two stages. The first stage is the slide development and the second stage is dominated by the rolling mechanism. The mobilization process is controlled by the failure zone (i.e. the open slit) near the bottom. Larger failure zone will generate faster failure process. The mobilization process initiates around 0.5 -1.0 second after the movement. The granular temperature is mainly intensified in the fluidized zone, which is about 4 particles in thickness.

關鍵字(中)

★ 顆粒流
★ 顆粒溫度
★ 土石流
★ 侷限顆粒

關鍵字(英)

★ debris flow
★ granular temperature
★ granular flow
★ confined granular material

論文目次

目錄
摘要…………………………………………………………………………………… I
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………II
誌謝…………………………………………………………………………………III
目錄…………………………………………………………………………………IV
表目錄………………………………………………………………………………VI
圖目錄……………………………………………………………………………VII
第一章緒論………………………………………………………………………… 1
1.1 研究動機…………………….…………….. …………….……………1
1.2 研究方法…………………………………………….………………. 2
1.3 研究內容……….………………………………………………….…2
第二章文獻回顧…………………………………………………………………… 4
2.1乾燥顆粒特性……………………………………….………………… 4
2.2 加速度對顆粒堆積之影響………………………………..…………. 4
2.3 侷限顆粒之特性………………..……………………………….….… 6
2.4顆粒流體化之特性………………..……………………………….… 6
2.5滑動塊體破壞之特性………………..…………………………….… 7
第三章理論分析…………………………………………………………………… 8
3.1邊坡穩定之分析…………………….……..…….. …………………… 8
3.1.1二維堆積圓柱最大傾斜角分析………….…………..…………. 8
3.1.2三維顆粒堆積最大傾斜角度分析……………………………11
3.1.3地震對邊坡穩定之分析………………………………………14
3.2 侷限顆粒壓力分佈之分析………………..………………….… 20
3.3侷限顆粒運動特性分析……………………………………….… 22
3.3.1侷限顆粒不受滑車影響之分析………………………….… 22
3.3.2侷限顆粒摩擦阻力係數之推求………………………….… 23
3.4斜坡土體崩落及流體化分析…………………………24
第四章實驗設計……………………………………………………………… 29
4.1侷限顆粒底部壓力實驗…..………………………..……………… 29
4.2 滑動侷限顆粒崩解實驗…………………….. ….……………….… 29
4.2.1實驗設備各部位介紹…………………….……………….… 30
4.2.2 物理量計算方法……………………….……………….… 30
第五章實驗結果與討論…………………………………………………………… 32
5.1侷限顆粒受壓底部壓力特性…..……………………..……………… 32
5. 2侷限顆粒流體化特性……………….. ….. ……..………………….… 32
5. 2.1定拉力實驗………………..…..……..…..…..………………….… 32
5. 2.2同步實驗……………….. ….. ……..………………….… 35
第六章結論與建議…………………………………………………………… 36
參考文獻……………..………….. …..…....…………………..……….. …..…....37

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指導教授

周憲德(Hsien-Ter Chou)

審核日期

2009-7-22

推文