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姓名 陳朝信(Chao-Hsin Chen) 查詢紙本館藏 畢業系所 太空科學研究所 論文名稱 利用中壢特高頻雷達研究雨滴粒徑分佈
(An Investigation of Raindrop Size Distribution using the Chung-Li VHF Radar)相關論文 檔案 [Endnote RIS 格式]
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摘要(中) 有鑑於降水粒子對於電磁波在大氣中的傳播造成衰減，因此研究降水粒子的特性就相當重要，特別是降水粒子在空中之粒徑分佈的研究。為了探究雨滴粒徑分佈隨高度之變化以及空中降水粒子終端速度與回波功率之關係，在此利用中壢52MHz特高頻雷達以及地面二維影像雨滴譜儀(Disdrometer)，分別得到空中降水粒子之終端速度、回波功率以及地面之降雨率、伽瑪雨滴粒徑分佈。
本次觀測的降水事件為2007年3月24日22:12 LST至24:00 LST鋒面系統所造成之降水，由觀測之經驗式或由理論推導皆可得知，伽瑪雨滴粒徑分佈的兩個參數斜率Λ和形狀μ之間的關係可用二次多項式來描述，假設空中之雨滴粒徑分佈也滿足此一特性，利用雷達所得到的空中降水粒子的終端速度及回波功率，可得到空中降水粒子之伽瑪雨滴粒徑分佈。並且利用雨滴譜儀所得之資料，深入探討伽瑪雨滴粒徑分佈參數與降水參數間之關係。最後，空中降水粒子的終端速度和回波功率之間的關係，可由指數型態之雨滴粒徑分佈及伽瑪雨滴粒徑分佈兩種不同的雨滴粒徑分佈模型，分別得到不同的結果。
摘要(英) Because the precipitation particles will attenuate electromagnetic wave propagating in the atmosphere, the study of their characteristic is very important, especially for DSD (Drop Size Distribution) in the air. To investigate the variation of the DSD with the height and the relation between the precipitation terminal velocity and the backscattering echo power of raindrop, the precipitation terminal velocity, the backscattering echo power of raindrop in the air and the rain fall rate, gamma DSD in the ground separately from the Chung-Li 52MHz VHF radar and the 2-D video disdrometer are employed.
The data used in this study were taken on March 24, 2007, from 22:12 to 24:00 LT by Chung-Li VHF radar, and the weather type is frontal area system. It is found that the relation between the slope and shape parameters of the gamma DSD can be described by a polynomial of second degree empirically and theoretically. If this characteristic is also satisfied with the gamma DSD in the air, we can obtain the gamma DSD in the air using the precipitation terminal velocity and the backscattering echo power of raindrop from the radar. Using the data obtained by disdrometer, we can investigate the relation between the parameters of the gamma DSD and the parameters of precipitation thoroughly. Finally, there are different results by using the exponential form DSD and the gamma form DSD in the relation between the precipitation terminal velocity and the backscattering echo power of raindrop.
關鍵字(中) ★ 伽瑪雨滴粒徑分佈
★ 中壢VHF雷達
★ 雨滴譜儀
★ 降水粒子終端速度
★ 降水粒子回波功率關鍵字(英) ★ Gamma DSD
★ Chung-Li VHF radar
★ Disdrometer
★ The precipitation terminal velocity
★ The backscattering echo power of raindrop論文目次 目錄
第一章 前言.............................1
1.1 降水的成因與種類....................1
1.2 VHF雷達發展史.......................3
1.3 研究動機與論文簡介..................5
第二章 觀測原理.........................7
2.1 VHF雷達回波特性.....................7
2.2 大氣折射指數........................8
2.3 大氣回波機制.......................10
2.4 降水回波機制.......................14
2.5 降水粒子終端速度與回波功率的關係...17
2.6 伽瑪雨滴粒徑分佈參數...............27
2.7 空中伽瑪雨滴粒徑分佈...............31
第三章 儀器簡介與資料分析..............34
3.1 中壢特高頻(VHF)雷達................34
3.2 雨滴譜儀(Disdrometer)..............37
3.3 觀測資料的取得.....................39
3.4 雷達參數設定.......................39
3.5 資料分析處理方法與流程.............40
第四章 觀測結果與討論..................42
4.1 雨滴譜儀資料與雷達降水回波的比較...42
4.2 板橋探空資料與雷達降水回波的比較...42
4.3 降水回波功率與雨滴終端速度的關係...43
4.4 伽瑪雨滴粒徑分佈參數之分析.........45
4.5 空中伽瑪雨滴粒徑分佈之反演.........47
第五章 結論與未來展望..................49
5.1 結論...............................49
5.2 未來展望...........................50
參考資料...............................52
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指導教授 朱延祥(Yen-Hsyang Chu) 審核日期 2009-7-14 推文 plurk
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