白化濾波應用於GPS動態衛星測量之研究

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徐浩雄(Hao-Hsiung Hsu) 查詢紙本館藏

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土木工程學系

論文名稱

白化濾波應用於GPS動態衛星測量之研究
(Whitening Filter Applied to GPS Kinematic Satellite Surveying)

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摘要(中)

白化濾波是利用Crout因子分解，使一正定對稱矩陣分解為對角線矩陣與單位上下三角矩陣之連乘。應用其矩陣對角線化的特性於相位模稜實數解的協變方矩陣上，大幅減少整數相位模稜的候選解。第二部分利用二次差所求得的位置參數與整數相位模稜，估計一次差的相位模稜，並代入一次差的處理模式以求解位置與時間參數。第三部分為動態測量，利用混合平差的特性，將時變參數向量移項至殘差向量中，目的為階段性的減少未知參數數目，使動態測量在求解過程中更有效率。

摘要(英)

In the practice of kinematic and rapid static surveying, the key point to reach the target of precision and efficiency while using carrier phase for location is how to obtain quickly accurate integers of ambiguity. However design matrix can vary because of the high correlation between parameters and longer observation time depending geometric satellite’’s improvement. Therefore whitening filter is a technique reflecting the high correlation in the space of parameters on another little lower correlation, causing the effects of mathematics chance turn to be the same as geometric satellite change, and get the result within a short observation period.
Whitening filter uses crout factorization to decompose an positive-definite symmetrical matrix into the continue multiplication of diagonal matrix and unit upper/lower triangular matrix. Applying the specifics of its diagonal matrix condition to covariance matrix can reduce the number of solution ways for integral ambiguity. The second part uses double differences to get location parameters and integer ambiguity. Then estimates single differences ambiguity for adopting the latter process to find out parameters of location and time. The third part deals with kinematic surveying. Using characteristics of mixed model to convert vector of variance into vector of residuals with the purpose of reducing unknown parameters, so that kinematic surveying can be more efficient in the satellite surveying.

關鍵字(中)

★ 白化濾波
★ 協變方矩陣
★ 相位模稜

關鍵字(英)

★ Whitening Filter
★ Covariance Matrix
★ Phase Ambiguity

論文目次

第一章緒論.....................................................................………...……1
1.1 文獻回顧....................................................…...………………1
1.2 研究動機…………………………………………….………..4
第二章理論基礎.....................................................….........…………..6
2.1 觀測方程式................................................….....……………..6
2.1.1 虛擬距離觀測方程式…....................…........…………..6
2.1.2 載波相位觀測方程式........................…...…….………..8
2.2 差分模式.....................................................….......……….…10
2.3 載波相位資料處理...................................................………..12
2.3.1 參數間之相關...........................................…………….12
2.3.2 觀測量加權...............................................……….……14
2.4 載波平滑電碼................................................……………….16
第三章白化濾波應用於相位模稜求定.........................................….18
3.1 平差模式……………………………………………...……..18
3.2 Crout 因子分解................................................……………..19
3.3 白化濾波理論.....................................................……………21
3.4 統計檢定........................................................……………….23
3.5　處理流程......................................................………………...25
第四章二次差轉換一次差模式……….................................……….32
4.1 參考衛星一次差相位模稜求定 ...................................……32
4.1.1 一次差靜態測量成果分析…………………………...34
4.2 動態測量處理模式.........................………………………....36
4.3 求解流程…………………………………………………….39
第五章實驗分析與成果.....................................................…………41
5.1 資料處理設備.....................................................……………41
5.2 動態衛星測量定位之成果..........................................……..41
5.2.1 實驗例之基線及相關資料.....................….………...41
5.2.2 白化濾波應用於動態衛星測量之成果分析……….43
第六章結論與展望……………………………………………….…50
6.1 結論…………………………………………………………50
6.2 展望…………………………………………………………51
參考文獻............................................................................……………..52

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指導教授

吳究(Joz Wu)

審核日期

2000-7-14

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