創新策略與專案領導人能力對新產品開發績效影響之研究: 以台灣高科技產業為例

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莊世任(Shih-Jen Chuang) 查詢紙本館藏

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高階主管企管碩士班

論文名稱

創新策略與專案領導人能力對新產品開發績效影響之研究: 以台灣高科技產業為例

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摘要(中)

台灣近年來之經濟面臨前所未有的嚴峻挑戰，發展似乎碰到了瓶頸，面對製造成本上漲、產業結構的改變，企業西移出走，所造成的失業率居高不下；尤其面對網路科技的發達，造成市場全球化及全球化的競爭等問題，多年來耕耘所得的「經濟奇蹟」似乎在一夕之間不見了。台灣高科技產業的發展歷程，是從引入國外技術，優勢的製造能力，大量的資金投入，達到量產的經濟規模效益，再經價格競爭，毛利降低的循環模式。台灣高科技產業的規模雖然很大，但創造出來的利潤有限且日益微薄，如何突破這種成長模式的困境，是非常重要且須解決的議題。
台灣的高科技產業若要能走的出去，立足世界舞台，唯有「創新」這一條路，且要持續不斷地創新，才能成長與創造價值。能不斷持續創新的企業，才是卓越的企業，要達到這個目標，需要企業在「創新策略」上，選擇好的策略來執行，透過創新平台，激發新的創意、點子，將創意轉換成有價值的活動，而這活動指的就是新產品開發。透過新產品的開發，企業才能不斷創造價值給顧客，企業是否能永續經營，持續獲利，來自於新產品所創造出來的績效；新產品開發能否成功達到績效，端看專案領導人是否有能力快速動員組織內資源，跨單位整合協調，完成有價值的創新產品開發。
本研究主要是探討台灣高科技產業，其創新策略與專案領導人能力對新產品開發績效之影響，做一整合驗證性的研究，並利用統計之手法來探討三個構面間之關係，所得到結論如下：
1. 台灣高科技產業，其創新策略與專案領導人能力有顯著之正向之關係。
2. 台灣高科技產業，其創新策略與新產品開發績效有顯著之正向關係。
3. 台灣高科技產業，其創新策略與專案領導人能力對新產品開發績效有顯著之正向關係。

摘要(英)

A rigor challenge to Taiwan economy happens recent years. Instable politics, continuously increasing manufacturing cost, changing industrial structure, and prevalent of companies moving-out which induce to high unemployment rate, all of event stagnate the plausible developments of Taiwan. In particular, the prevailing of internet technology has pushed the economic competition to be international, and therefore what we called “the miracle of Taiwan” has already passed. The trace, from introducing foreign technology and superior manufacturing processes, investing a great deal of capital for economies of scale, to the mode of price competition and low gross margin rate, captured the history of Taiwan high technological industry. How to break the ice of “large scale with limited and low margin rate” is the vital issue we now urge to solve.
Innovation is the only way for Taiwan high-tech industry to success in world. Companies who continually innovate go through well design on innovation strategy. What could do is to establish an innovation platform to initiate new ideas and transform them into valuable activities－new product development. Only NPD activities can satisfy customers continually so that they are capable of assuring sustainable management/operating. The ability of project managers to texture organizational resources and coordinate cross-functional departments is the vital linchpin to NPD performance.
The focal point of this research is to discuss the relationship of innovation strategy and ability of project manager to NPD performance. Conclusions are illustrated as below listed:
1. There exists significant-positive relationship between innovation strategy and project manager.
2. There exists significant positive relationship between innovation strategy and NPD performance.
3. There exists significant positive relationship of innovation strategy and project manager to NPD performance.

關鍵字(中)

★ 專案領導人能力
★ 新產品開發
★ 創新策略

關鍵字(英)

★ Project Leader Capability
★ New Product Development
★ Innovation strategy

論文目次

第一章緒論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 1
1.1 研究背景．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 1
1.2 研究動機．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 2
1.3 研究目的．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 3
1.4 研究流程與論文架構．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 4
1.4.1 研究流程．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 4
1.4.2 論文架構．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 4
第二章文獻探討．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 6
2.1 創新策略．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 6
2.1.1 創新的定義．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 6
2.1.2 創新的類型．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 7
2.1.3 創新的來源．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 11
2.1.4 創新策略的類型．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 14
2.2 專案領導人能力．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 16
2.2.1 專案領導人的角色．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 16
2.2.2 專案領導人特性．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 18
2.2.3 轉型領導．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 19
2.2.4 專案領導者的管理技能．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 21
2.3 新產品開發績效．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 23
2.3.1 新產品定義．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 23
2.3.2 新產品開發過程．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 24
2.3.3 新產品開發之關鍵成功因素．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 26
2.3.4 新產品開發績效的衡量．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 27
第三章研究方法．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 31
3.1 研究架構．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 31
3.2 研究變數的操作型定義及衡量．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 31
3.2.1 創新策略變數衡量．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 31
3.2.2 專案領導人能力變數衡量．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 33
3.2.3 新產品開發績效變數衡量．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 34
3.3 研究假設．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 35
3.3.1 組織「創新策略」與組織「專案領導人能力」之關係．．．．．．．．． 35
3.3.2 組織「創新策略」與「新產品開發績效」之關係．．．．．．．．．．．．． 36
3.3.3 組織「創新策略」與組織「專案領導人能力」配合與
「新產品開發績效」之關係．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 36
3.4 研究對象．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 37
3.5 問卷設計與抽樣．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 38
3.5.1 問卷設計．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 38
3.5.2 問卷抽樣．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 39
3.6 資料分析方式．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 40
3.6.1 統計分析方法．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 40
3.6.2 資料分析流程．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 42
第四章研究結果．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 43
4.1 問卷回收的敘述統計分析．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 43
4.2 信度與效度分析．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 45
4.2.1 信度分析．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 45
4.2.2 效度分析．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 45
4.3. 因素分析與集群分析．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 46
4.3.1 創新策略的因素分析與集群分析．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 46
4.3.2 專案領導人能力之因素分析與集群分析．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 47
4.3.3 新產品開發績效之因素分析與集群分析．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 49
4.4 創新策略對專案領導人能力之關係．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 51
4.5 創新策略對新產品開發績效之關係．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 52
4.6 創新策略與專案領導人能力配合對新產品開發績效之關係．．．．． 53
4.7 本章總結．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 54
第五章結論與建議．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 56
5.1 研究結論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 56
5.1.1 創新策略與專案領導人能力之關係．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 56
5.1.2 創新策略對新產品開發績效之關係．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 56
5.1.3 創新策略與專案領導領導人能力配合對新產品開發績之關係 57
5.2 研究貢獻．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 58
5.2.1 理論貢獻．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 58
5.2.2 實務界貢獻．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 58
5.3 研究限制．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 59
5.4 後續研究建議．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 59
參考文獻．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 60
附錄．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 67

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指導教授

何應欽(Ying-Chin Ho)

審核日期

2006-7-23

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