D型光纖生化感測器

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姓名

王信福(Shinn-Fwu Wang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

光電科學與工程學系

論文名稱

D型光纖生化感測器
(D-type optical fiber biosensor)

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摘要(中)

本論文提出一種新型之D型光纖生化感測方法及系統，其係採用可產生電漿共振效果之光纖感測器，將待檢物（例如：酒精、葡萄糖等等溶液）放置於該光纖感測器上，再將光源導入光纖感測器後，利用外差干涉術測量得到其干涉信號之相位差；或利用其衰減全反射的特性，可量得其輸出端的光強度信號。如此，我們便可測得待測物的折射率或是其他與待測物有關之參數。
此光纖感測器具有體積小、易於量測、可於遠端遙測、只需少許檢體、高解析度、高靈敏度以及可作體內量測等等的優點。此外，其靈敏度可藉由量測角度予以調整，因此此可調式靈敏度的特性，可廣泛用於不同介質的量測。值得一題的是，其靈敏度可達的折射率單位，且實驗結果與電腦模擬結果呈現一致的現象。
由於此D型光纖生化感測器具有如此多的優點，因此我們可將其推廣應用於醫學檢測、生化檢測、化學藥品以及生醫光電等等領域。相信，其對未來生物醫學技術必有相當的幫助。

摘要(英)

In the dissertation, a D-type optical fiber biosensor based on the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology is proposed. The optical fiber biosensor is a novel sensing device based on the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology or/and heterodyne interferometry. In the sensing mechanism, we only drop a little tested sample (e.g., alcohol, C6H12O6 solution etc.) on the sensing surface of the sensor. The refractive indices and the other parameters of the tested medium can be achieved by measuring the phase difference variations and the light intensity from the output of the sensor.
The senor has some merits, e.g., small size, smaller sample volume, easy measurement and suitable for in vivo test etc. Besides, the D-type optical fiber biosensor has the tunable high sensitivity only if we choose different incident angle. From experimental results, it is evident that they are in good correspondence with theoretical results. Its sensitivity can reach 0.000002 refractive index unit (RIU).
To sum up, it may be a useful sensor device for the researchers in the related fields, especially in biophotonics. Perhaps it will contribute to the human beings significantly in the future.

關鍵字(中)

★ 外差干涉術
★ 表面共漿共振
★ 光纖感測器

關鍵字(英)

★ surface plasma resonance
★ heterodyne interferometry
★ optical fiber sensor

論文目次

目錄 (Contents)
中文摘要………………………………………………Ⅰ
英文摘要………………………………………………Ⅱ
誌謝……………………………………………………Ⅲ
目錄……………………………………………………Ⅳ
圖目錄………………………………………………ⅩⅠ
表目錄……………………………………………ⅩⅠⅠ
Chapter 1: Introduction………………………………………1
1.1 Background of study………………………………………1
1.2 Purpose of study……………………………………………2
1.3 Scope of study ……………………… …………………3
Chapter 2: Total Internal Reflection in Heterodyne interferometry……………5
2.1 Introduction…………… ………………………………5
2.2 The common-path heterodyne interferometry…………5
2.3 The multiple total-internal eflections……………………9
2.4 An example of multiple total-internal reflections in
heterodyne interferometry…………………………………17
2.5 Conclusion…………………………………………………22
Chapter 3: Surface Plasmon Resonance……………………24
3.1 Introduction……………………………………………24
3.2 The principles of the SPR technology………………24
3.2.1 The Intensity Method…………………………………27
3.2.2 The Phase Method………………………………………28
3.3 The Application of the SPR technology………………29
3.3.1 Principle………………………………………………29
3.3.2 Experimental Apparatus and Results…………………33
3.3.3 Discussion and Conclusion…………………………36
Chapter 4: D-Type Optical Fiber Biosensor………………38
4.1 Introduction…………………………………………………38
4.2 The scheme of D-type optical fiber biosensor………39
4.3 The measurement methods……………………………46
4.3.1 The intensity method…………………………………46
4.3.2 The phase method……………………………………47
Chapter 5: Simulations and Experiments…………………51
5.1 Introduction……………………………………………51
5.2 Simulations……………………………………………51
5.2.1 The intensity method…………………………………51
5.2.2 The phase method……………………………………59
5.3 Experiments……………………………………………65
5.3.1 Experiment Ⅰ………………………………………65
5.3.2 Experiment Ⅱ………………………………………67
Chapter 6: Discussion and Conclusion……………………69
6.1 Discussion………………………………………………69
6.1.1 The intensity method…………………………………69
6.1.2 The phase method……………………………………70
6.2 Conclusion………………………………………………72
References……… …………………………………………73
Appendix A: Fresnel’s Equations…………………………83
Appendix B: The Resonant Angle for ATR Kretschmann’s
Configuration………………………………………………86
Appendix C：Propagation of an electromagnetic wave
through a homogeneous film……………………………90
Appendix D: Comparison with the other methods………98
Appendix E: Parameters and Symbols……………………100
著作 (Publication List)………………………………101
List of Figures
Figure 2.1: A ray of light in air is incident at θ on one side surface
of a right-angle prism with refractive index ………………6
Figure 2.2: The schematic diagram of the basic structure of the
common-path heterodyne interferometry……………………7
Figure 2.3: The basic structure of the new instrument for measuring
small angles…………………………………………………10
Figure 2.4: The two beams on the stage in twenty total-internal
Reflections…………………………………………………..13
Figure 2.5: The results that we simulate the conditions of the two
lights undergoing multiple total-internal reflections (m:
the times of the total-internal reflections)(in degree)………14
Figure 2.6: The light undergoes multiple times total-internal reflections
in the parallelogram prism…………………………………16
Figure 2.7: The experimental configuration that is used for measuring
small angles by multiple total-internal reflections in
heterodyne interferometry:………………………………17
Figure 2.8 The experimental and theoretical curves of versus θ....20
Figure 2.9: Relation curves of Δθ versus θ…………21
Figure 2.10: The curves of the sensitivity S versus for the
different times of total-internal reflections…………22
Figure 3.1: Kretchmann’s configuration for the generation of surface
plasmon resonance………………………………………………26
Figure 3.2: The intensity reflectivity of the TM polarized wave, i.e.,
p-polarization light, as a function of the incident angle
and the thickness of gold film…………………………27
Figure 3.3: The phase difference variation as a function of the gold
thickness and the incident angle ………………28
Figure 3.4: Kretchmann’s configuration for the generation of
surface plasmon resonance………………………………31
Figure 3.5: The phase difference as a function of the rotating angle……32
Figure 3.6: The experimental setup…………………………………33
Figure 3.7: The experimental and theoretical curves ………36
Figure 3.8: The curves of sensitivity S versus and resolution versus the variation angle…37
Figure 4.1: The sensing scheme of the sensor (from the lateral view)…40
Figure 4.2: The scheme of the sensor……………………………………………41
Figure 4.3: The photograph of the D-type optical fiber biosensor………41
Figure 4.4: A beam is coupled in and out of the D-type optical fiber sensor……43
Figure 4.5: The signal processing circuits of one input terminal for the
linear photo-detector A5V-38………………………………44
Figure 4.6: The PCB photograph of the signal processing circuits……45
Figure 4.7: The transmission power measured by the linear photo-detector……46
Figure 4.8: A heterodyne source is coupled in and out of the
D-type optical fiber biosensor……………………………50
Figure 5.1: The intensity reflectivity as a function of the incident
angle and the thickness of gold film……………52
Figure 5.2: A beam is coupled in and out of the D-type optical fiber
biosensor……………………………………………………53
Figure 5.3: The reflectivity as a function of the gold thickness
and the index of refraction …………………54
Figure 5.4: The reflectivity as a function of n …………………55
Figure 5.5: The reflectivity as a function of incident angle………56
Figure 5.6: The relation between the reflectivity and the thickness
of gold film …………………………………………56
Figure 5.7: The reflectivity as a function of n and d ………57
Figure 5.8: The reflectivity versus the index of refraction
of the sensed medium for different length …………58
Figure5.9 The normalized transmitted powers versus the refractive indices…59
Figure 5.10: The phase difference variation as a function of the
gold thickness and the index of refraction ……60
Figure 5.11: The reflectivity as a function of n and d ……………61
Figure 5.12: The phase difference variation as a function of the length L
and the index of refraction ................................62
Figure 5.13: The reflectivity as a function of the length L=4mm and
the index of refraction n for and ...63
Figure 5.14: The phase difference variation as a function of the
incident angle and the index of refraction …………………63
Figure 5.15: The reflectivity as a function of the incident angle
and the index of refraction ………………64
Figure 5.16: The experimental and theoretical results (Experiment Ⅰ)....66
Figure 5.17: The experimental and theoretical results (Experiment Ⅱ)....68
Figure 6.1: The sensitivity S versus n for the intensity method at a specific incident angle………………………………………70
Figure 6.2: The sensitivity S versus n for the phase method ………71
List of Tables
Table 5.1: The refractive indices for various alcohol concentrations
(0%~50%)…………………………………………………66
Table 5.2: The refractive indices for various sugar solution
concentrations………………………………………………68

參考文獻

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指導教授

張榮森(Rong-Seng Chang)

審核日期

2005-1-23

推文