苗栗地區儲集層特性對油氣潛能之影響研究

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姓名

林佳民(Jia-Min Lin) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

應用地質研究所

論文名稱

苗栗地區儲集層特性對油氣潛能之影響研究

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摘要(中)

本研究目的為藉由探討台灣西部麓山帶重點含油氣地層礦物成分及孔隙結構，評估台灣非傳統油氣資源生產潛能。樣本採集自苗栗縣明德水庫-出磺坑剖面露頭之中新世至更新世早期地層：南港層(北寮層、打鹿頁岩、觀音山砂岩)、南莊層(東坑層、上福基砂岩)、桂竹林層(關刀山砂岩、魚藤坪砂岩)、錦水頁岩、卓蘭層。樣本處理後進行總有機碳(TOC)、有機物成熟度、孔隙率及滲透率量測。TOC結果顯示北寮層樣本有機物富集度最高，(TOC: 0.258 wt.%)，而熱裂分析結果顯示北寮層成熟度(Tmax: 449℃)處於油窗。Hydrogen index 、Quality index與成熟度結果呈現正相關，指出北寮層擁有最高的油氣潛能。樣本的孔隙率與滲透率呈現半對數正相關。孔隙率、滲透率結果與TOC含量、礦物組成作分析比較，顯示樣本的孔隙率與TOC含量無相關性，而脆性礦物(石英、長石)含量較高的樣本擁有較高的孔隙率及滲透率，可知礦物組成為控制本研究區域儲集岩孔隙率及滲透率的主要因素。本研究亦利用掃描式電子顯微鏡對樣本孔隙結構進行微觀尺度的觀察，推測微裂隙可提高孔隙率並提供油氣儲集空間。

摘要(英)

The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential of unconventional oil-gas in Taiwan by analyzing mineral composition and pore structure of HC potential reservoirs in the Western Foothill Belt. Pliocene(Cholan Fm, Chinshui sh) and Miocene(Yutengpin ss, Kuantaoshan ss, Shangfuchi ss, Tungkeng Fm, Guanyinshang ss, Talu sh and Peiliao Fm) samples were collected along stratigraphic profiles of Chuhuangkeng and Mingte Reservoir, Miaoli County, NW Taiwan. The porosity, permeability, TOC, thermal maturity, and mineral composition of samples were examined after a series of geochemical experiments. The results shows Peiliao Fm has the highest TOC value among all samples (0.258%wt.) and Tmax value from Rock-Eval pyrolysis also shows that Peiliao Fm has the Tmax(449°C) within oil window. Hydrogen index and Quality index are positively correlated with thermal maturity, identifying Peiliao Fm has the highest oil-gas potential. Porosity and permeability were positively correlated in semi-log plot. Comparing the results of porosity and permeability with TOC and mineral composition shows that TOC is irrelevant to porosity and permeability, whereas samples with higher fragile mineral content(quartz and feldspar) has higher porosity and permeability, indicating mineral composition is the main controlling factor of porosity and permeability of reservoir rocks. SEM observation is also applied to observe pore structure in micro scale, suggesting micro-fracture can improve porosity and provide extra space for oil-gas preservation.

關鍵字(中)

★ 礦物組成
★ 孔隙結構
★ 油氣潛能
★ 儲集岩

關鍵字(英)

★ mineral composition
★ pore structure
★ HC potential
★ reservoir rocks

論文目次

摘要 .................................................... i
Abstract .............................................. ii
誌謝 ................................................... iii
目錄 .................................................... iv
圖目錄 ................................................ viii
表目錄 ................................................... x
第一章、緒論............................................... 1
1.1研究動機與目的 ......................................... 1
1.2 研究區域地質概述 ....................................... 2
第二章、前人研究與文獻回顧 .................................. 8
2.1 非傳統油氣資源之特性 ................................... 8
2.1.1 頁岩氣之特性 ...................................... 9
2.1.2 頁岩氣與總有機碳含量 ............................. 10
2.2 有機物成熟度指標 ...................................... 11
2.3 礦物組成與孔隙率/滲透率之關聯性 ....................... 15
第三章、研究方法 .......................................... 20
3.1 研究流程 ............................................. 20
3.2 總有機碳含量測定 ...................................... 21
3.3 熱裂分析 ............................................. 22
3.4 孔隙率/滲透率量測 ..................................... 23
3.5 偏光顯微鏡及礦物組成分析 .............................. 24
3.6 掃描式電子顯微鏡分析 .................................. 26
第四章、結果與討論 ........................................ 29
4.1 總有機碳及熱裂分析 .................................... 29
4.2 孔隙率與氣體滲透率 .................................... 31
4.3 脆性礦物含量 ......................................... 34
4.4生油潛能 .............................................. 34
4.4.1成熟度與氫指數 ................................... 35
4.4.2成熟度與品質指數 ................................. 36
4.5 影響孔隙率與滲透率之因素 .............................. 37
4.5.1 TOC對孔隙率之影響 ............................... 37
4.5.2 TOC對滲透率之影響 ............................... 38
4.5.3 脆性礦物含量對孔隙率之影響 ....................... 39
4.5.4 脆性礦物含量對滲透率之影響 ....................... 40
4.6 SEM觀察 ............................................. 51
第五章、結論與建議 ........................................ 57
5.1 結論 ................................................ 57
5.2 建議 ................................................ 57
參考文獻 ................................................. 59

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指導教授

蔡龍珆(Louis L. Tsai)

審核日期

2016-1-26

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