氣狀汙染物在多區間建築物內暫態傳輸模式

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姓名

吳思磊(Si-Lei Wu) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

氣狀汙染物在多區間建築物內暫態傳輸模式
(An Unsteady Transport Model for Gaseous Pollutants in Partitioned Buildings)

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摘要(中)

建築物內外的空氣交換可帶入室外的新鮮空氣，稀釋掉室內的空氣污染物，改善室內的空氣品質。在台灣時有所聞的瓦斯熱水器一氧化碳中毒事件，便是有害的空氣污染物(Hazardous Air Pollutants, HAPs)在室內的傳輸，因此必須對建築物通風與室內汙染物傳輸機制有更深入的瞭解。本研究採用風洞實驗與解析模式研究通風與多區間建築物內部汙染物傳輸之間的關係，風洞實驗採用示蹤劑濃度衰減法來量測氣狀汙染物傳輸的過程，並以多頻道電子壓力計量測室內外風壓的變化。實驗流況包括剪力通風與貫流通風，研究成果顯示室外紊流強度可增加雙開口建築物剪力通風的空氣交換率，剪力通風與貫流通風的無因次通風量並不會受到模型縮尺比之影響，在改變雙開口其中一個開口面積的狀況下，發現當開口面積愈大，無因次通風量線性增大。此外，濃度量測結果驗證一個暫態傳輸模式，此傳輸模式可預測在貫流通風狀況下，有室內隔間建築物內部氣狀汙染物的暫態濃度，模式亦可供建築設計者定量評估不同開口策略對室內污染物移除的時間與效果。

摘要(英)

Natural ventilation is widely used to improve the indoor air quality and to save energy from mechanical ventilation in buildings. However, hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), such as CO (carbon monoxide), NOx, SOx, and VOCs, could transport in and out of buildings through building openings. This study uses wind tunnel experiments and an unsteady transport model to investigate the transport process of gaseous pollutants in partitioned rooms. The transport rates of gaseous pollutant inside a scale model were measured by the tracer decay technique, and the internal and external pressures were measured by a multi-channel pressure scanner. The effects of external wind speed, wind direction and opening area on the transport rate were systemically investigated in a series of wind tunnel experiments. The experimental results indicate that the influence of model size on the dimensionless exchange rate Q* of shear ventilation is insignificant, and Q* is dependent of opening area A2 and turbulence intensity of the approaching flow. The experimental results were used to validate an unsteady model for gaseous pollutants in partitioned rooms. Then the transport model was applied to evaluate the influences of external wind speed, initial concentration, interior volume and opening strategy on the transient concentration of gaseous pollutants in buildings.

關鍵字(中)

★ 自然通風
★ 氣狀汙染物
★ 暫態傳輸模式
★ 多區間建築物
★ 風洞實驗
★ 示踪劑濃度法

關鍵字(英)

★ Gaseous pollutant
★ Building ventilation
★ Transport model
★ Partitioned room
★ Wind tunnel experiment
★ Tracer gas technique

論文目次

Abstract I
Contents III
Notation IV
Figure captions V
Table captions IX
1. Introduction 1
2. Experimental setup 8
3. Results and discussion 11
3.1 Surface pressure 11
3.2 Shear ventilation 12
3.2.1 Influence of model size 12
3.2.2 Influence of opening size 13
3.2.3 Influence of turbulence intensity 15
3.3 Cross ventilation with partition 15
3.4 Concentration variation 17
3.4.1 Two identical rooms 17
3.4.2 Two rooms of different sizes 19
3.4.3 Corridor ventilation 20
3.4.4 Model Application 21
4. Conclusion 23
References 25
Figures 28
Table 69

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指導教授

朱佳仁(Chia-Ren Chu)

審核日期

2016-7-20

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