中國近代科學發展之研究

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蔡萬春(Wan-Chun Cai) 查詢紙本館藏

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產業經濟研究所

論文名稱

中國近代科學發展之研究

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摘要(中)

本研究以中國為主要觀察對象，探討下列三個子題：首先，本研究以中國1999年至2007年收錄於《科學引文索引》之文獻作為分析標的，以文獻計量學的觀點觀察中國科學發展。其次，本研究進一步探討中國科學研究的學術合作與發展。最後，本研究將進一步探討中國及臺灣其在科學與其技術間彼此之互動關係。
子題一方面，分析中國1999年至2007年各年度文獻的數量、作者、作者所在機構等，用以探討中國科學之發展，觀察各種類機構間研究合作模式，含國內與國外共同合作的模式等。本研究結果發現，中國在這段期間文獻量的大量成長，且與國內外合作比例亦呈現上升的趨勢，兩者的變動趨勢一致。另就合作模式而言，則以大學間合作為最多，其次為大學與研究機構合作。
子題二，此部分以中國31個省分為樣本，利用知識函數來掌握及探討知識的投入與產出之間的關係；此外另以共同合作模式及政策影響為主要的投入變數，進一步探討上述各該活動是否會對學術期刊及文獻的品質之提升有所助益。本文研究結果發現，投入的研發費用及文獻的累積對於文獻品質之提升確有顯著的正向影響外，是否有與其他國家合作此一重要因素亦會對文獻品質之提升有重要而正向影響。
在子題三方面，本研究另以中國及臺灣為例，使用1998年至2012年之專利及科學文獻來觀察其科學與技術之互動。研究結果發現，各科學領域內專利或文獻在科技的發展過程間或不盡完全相同，但不論是臺灣或中國大陸研究結果均顯示出科學通常會先萌芽發展是呈常態現象。

摘要(英)

This research consists of three parts. In the first part, we performed a bibliometric analysis of published research papers in China； and in our second part of research, we provided an evidence to show that co-authorship can have a positive impacts on the quality of published articles. In our third part, we explore the character and pattern of the linkage between science and technology both in China and Taiwan.
The first part described a bibliometric study of the collaboration in China during 1999-2007 as represented by China’s co-authored articles indexed in Science Citation Index Expanded. The results show that the literature in China during this period is growing rapidly, and the percentage of collaboration increased over the period. At the institution level, we also find that cooperation patterns between universities was most common.
The primary aim of the second part in this paper is to measures of co-authorship referring to knowledge networking in the estimation of a knowledge production function model for the regions of China. The results showed that both domestic and international co-authorship have had positive effects on published article levels in China. The research literature production is increasing, together with publication quality indicators. We also find that researcher intensity, knowledge base and policy variables all have positive significant impacts on the quality of published articles.
In third part of this thesis, the study discusses science and technology interaction by using China′s and Taiwan’s patents and scientific literatures respectively during the period of 1998 to 2012. The evidence indicates that although development processes between science and technology in the field of science are not the same for Taiwan and China but our empirical results suggest that they science is really taking the leading role for all technological development.

關鍵字(中)

★ 文獻計量學
★ 知識生產函數
★ S曲線

關鍵字(英)

★ bibliometric
★ co-authorship
★ Cobb-Douglas

論文目次

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 iii
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 xi
第一章緒論 1
第二章以文獻計量學的觀點觀察中國科學發展 9
2-1 前言 9
2-2 文獻回顧 10
2-3 資料與分析結果 12
2-3-1 文獻數量分析 12
2.3.2 文獻作者分析 14
2-3-3 合作國家及地區分析 16
2-3-4 合作模式分析 21
2-3-5 重點區域分析-北京市 25
2-3-5-1 北京市合作模式分析 28
2-3-6 以科學領域分析合作特色 29
2-3-6-1 農業 29
2-3-6-2 生物與生化科學 31
2-3-6-3 工程學 32
2-3-6-4 化學 34
2-3-6-5 太空科學 36
2-3-6-6 物理學 37
2-3-6-6 電腦科學 39
2-3-6-6 臨床醫學 41
2-4 結論 43
第三章中國科學研究的學術合作與發展 47
3-1 前言 47
3-2 文獻回顧 48
3-3 資料與模型設定 51
3-4 實證結果 55
3-5 結論 60
第四章科學與技術之互動關聯性之觀察-以臺灣及中國為例 63
4-1 前言 63
4-2 文獻回顧 64
4-2-1 科學與技術之連結 65
4-2-2 技術生命週期及S曲線 66
4-3 資料與分析 68
4-4 實證結果 70
4-4-1 中國農業 71
4-4-2 臺灣農業 75
4-4-3 中國醫學科學 78
4-4-4 臺灣醫學科學 81
4-4-5 中國自然科學 85
4-4-6 臺灣自然科學 89
4-4-7 中國工程與技術科學 92
4-4-8 臺灣工程與技術科學 96
4-4-9 相關係數分析 100
4-5 結論 101
第五章總結 105
參考文獻 116

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指導教授

單驥、劉孟俊(Gee San Meng-Chun Liu)

審核日期

2017-8-25

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