以三維數值法研究潰壩波與柱列間之交互作用

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姓名

王小玫(Vuong Thi Hong Nhi) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

水文與海洋科學研究所

論文名稱

以三維數值法研究潰壩波與柱列間之交互作用
(Three-Dimensional Numerical Study on the Interaction between Dam-Break Wave and Cylinder Array)

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摘要(中)

摘要
海嘯湧潮之行為與潰壩湧潮非常相似，利用潰壩湧潮研究海嘯湧潮衝擊結構物之交互作用，為海嘯減災研究另闢蹊徑。充分了解潰壩湧潮與碎波傳遞之物理過程，對於減少海嘯破壞、制定有效之防災及減災措施至關重要。
　　本文以數值方法研究潰壩湧潮通過近岸植生與結構物之能量消散，並將植生與結構物在數值模式中以方柱陣列表示。本研究採用Splash 3D模式進行數值計算，求解三維N-S方程式，其中大渦模擬（LES）作為紊流模式，並以流體體積法（VOF）追蹤複雜之自由液面。
　　數值實驗中，研究潰壩波通過兩組不同高度之方柱陣列，分別為高度0.1m 及 0.2m，並分析上游至下游之流速與渦度場。研究結果表示，紊流導致次網格尺度之數值擴散為潰壩波能量下降之主因。湧潮向下游傳遞時，流速逐漸增大，而方柱高度會影響通過方柱陣列後之渦度場及流速表現。雖然通過較高之方柱會導致更慢之下游流速，但流速會持續較長時間才開始減速。此外，也會在底床產生較大之流場及渦度。

摘要(英)

Abstract
The behavior of dam-break bore is very similar to the tsunami bore. Using dam-break wave as a tsunami bore to study its interaction with rigid structures opens a new approach for study tsunami. Fully understanding the physical process of dam-break is crucial for reducing damage and formulating effective disaster prevention and mitigation measures. In this thesis, we study how the energy of a dam-break bore is dissipated by the square cylinders numerically, which present for the coastal vegetation and coastal structures. The computational model, Splash3D, is adopted in this study. Splash3D solves the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations directly with Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) as a turbulent closure model. The Volume-of-fluid (VOF) method is used to track the complex free surface. The dam-break flows with two different cylinder array: 0.1 m and 0.2 m in height are numerically investigated. Both velocity magnitude and vorticity are analyzed in upstream as well as downstream region. The results show that the sub-grid scale diffusion is the main reason for energy decline in the dam-break cases due to the domination of turbulent flow. The velocity of the dam-break flows becomes higher when the waves travel downstream. The cylinders’ height affects the wave-breaking and the velocity magnitude as well as vorticity field after the cylinder arrays. The cylinders are taller which causes velocity magnitude downstream smaller. However, the resident time of a high velocity is longer. In addition, the tall-cylinder case has a larger value of velocity magnitude and vorticity near the bottom.
Key words: Tsunami, Dam-break wave, Navier-stokes equations, cylinder array.

關鍵字(中)

★ 海嘯
★ 潰壩湧潮
★ 三維NS數值模擬
★ 方柱陣列
★ 碎波
★ 植生消能

關鍵字(英)

★ Tsunami
★ Dam-break bore
★ Navier-stokes equations
★ Cylinder array
★ Breaking waves
★ Energy dissipation by coastal vegetation

論文目次

Abstract i
摘要 ii
Acknowledgements iii
Table of Contents iv
List of Figures vii
List of Tables xv
1. Introduction 1
1.1. Motivation 1
1.2. Literature review 3
1.2.1. Experimental and numerical studies of dam-break flow 3
1.2.2. Analytical study of dam-break flow 4
1.2.3. Dam-break flow with Navier-Stokes equations 5
1.2.4. Dam-break wave flowing through porous media 6
1.3. Scope of Present Study 7
2. Computational model 9
2.1. Navier-Stokes Equations 9
2.2. Turbulence modeling 10
2.3. Volume of Fluid Method and Volume Tracking Algorithm 14
2.4. Partial-Cell Treatment 17
2.5. Numerical stability criterion 17
2.6. Boundary conditions (BC) 18
3. Model validation 20
3.1. Experimental setup 20
3.2. Numerical setup 20
3.3. Gauge data validation 21
4. Results and Discussion 29
4.1. Flow description 30
4.2. Wave breaking and wave reflection 31
4.3. Effect of cylinder height 34
4.4. The symmetry of the flow field 36
4.5. Velocity vector profile 38
4.6. The energy diffusion 39
4.7. The effect of Near-Wall Treatment 41
4.8. The study on the initial stage of the dam-break flow 42
5. Conclusions 79
6. Future work 80
Bibliographies 81
Appendix A 86
Appendix B 121
Appendix C 121

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指導教授

吳祚任(Tso-Ren Wu)

審核日期

2018-1-26

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