姓名 |
蔡乃清(Nai-Ching Tsai)
查詢紙本館藏 |
畢業系所 |
工業管理研究所在職專班 |
論文名稱 |
高訂單變動性及低量產需求環境下之長交期零件備料運輸決策 -以航空製造業為例
|
相關論文 | |
檔案 |
[Endnote RIS 格式]
[Bibtex 格式]
[相關文章] [文章引用] [完整記錄] [館藏目錄] 至系統瀏覽論文 ( 永不開放)
|
摘要(中) |
雖然目前民用航空飛機需求訂單仍有大量的需求,但因產品市場有其寡佔性,流通性小,產品銷售客戶幾乎為唯一,因此產量需求相較於其他產業而言十分的低,任何的訂單需求的變動,所造成的影響相對的大。同時原物料的取得有指定商源的要求;物料製廠資格及製程皆有認證要求,因此物料採購成本高及前置期長,庫存設置量也因此一因素而增加,衍生的庫存成本相對於銷售金額收入比是偏高的。
供應鏈中物料源大都無地緣關係,取得必需經由陸運、海或空運取得,特別是我國地處島國,資源有限,各項物品的取得皆仰賴進口,備料運輸皆仰賴海、空運,運輸成本佔物料取得成本有相當的比例,因此採購策略與庫存管理影響了整體獲利能力。
本研究就此一產業特性中之低生產需求,高訂單變動性,長交期零件如何利用備料運輸的海、空運運輸決策來降低缺料風險及運輸成本,所造成的庫存成本作為研究標的,期望透過分析過去需求資料,在滿足生產需求的前提之下,找出合理的以海運為主的定期採購模式,配合以空運為輔的緊急購料以支應訂單變動需求模式,並且透過個案公司實際數值來驗證本研究模型的可行性,進而建立出面對交貨期長、高訂單變動性、採購成本高、儲存運輸成本昂貴,低生產需求環境下物料運輸的決策模式。 |
摘要(英) |
Although there are mass demands in the field of commercial airplanes, the markets for the parts are consider oligopoly, low circulations, and the needs of products are generally from one single customer. Leading up to the demands in aerospace field relatively low compared with other fields, any requirement changes in orders will cause great impact. The specifications of raw materials, the qualifications of being a qualified suppliers and its fabrication/special processes adds up to high cost procurement. With long lead time on the raw materials, implementing safety stock is essential. Therefore, all these factors are reasons to why inventory costs are higher than sales revenue.
The material supply chain are not based on geographic locations. To successfully retrieve materials to the warehouse, the logistic arrangement goes through air, sea, or land. Especially here in Taiwan, an island surrounded by sea and with limited resource, all necessity have to be imported. With the inventory shipped through different ways, the shipping cost takes up a significant percentage in the total cost. Thus, procurement strategy and inventory management are major factors to a profitable product.
The objection of this thesis is to discussing ways of using procurement strategy and inventory management to overcome the challenges of risk of material shortage, high transportation cost (caused by the low demands), unstable order requirements, and long lead time of the aerospace industry. This study will analyze historical data to find reasonable periodic shipping pattern via sea and using air freight to cover emergency pull in/demands to fulfill the production demands. Theories will be applied to real life data to test the feasibility of the methods, and conclude with a system and/or strategy to overcome the material long lead time, unstable order specifications, high procurement cost, high transportation cost, and low demands of the aerospace industry. |
關鍵字(中) |
★ 低產量屬性 ★ 備料運輸策略 ★ 訂單變動性 ★ 長交期備料 ★ 庫存成本 |
關鍵字(英) |
★ Low rate production ★ Long lead time ★ inventory backup strategy |
論文目次 |
目錄
中文摘要....................................................i
英文摘要 ............................................. ii
誌謝.................................................. iii
目錄.................................................. iv
圖目錄................................................ vi
表目錄....................................................vii
第一章 緒論.........................................1
1-1 研究背景........................................1
1-2 研究動機........................................4
1-3 研究目的........................................5
1-4 研究範圍與限制...................................5
1-5 論文架構........................................6
1-6 研究流程........................................7
第二章 文獻探討.....................................8
2-1 存貨的意義與功能.................................8
2-2 服務水準........................................10
2-3 庫存成本........................................10
2-4 低產量需求.......................................12
2-5 採購運輸成本.....................................13
第三章 研究方法.....................................16
3-1 前言............................................16
3-2 研究方法........................................16
3-2-1庫存成本分析......................................16
3-2-2庫存成本計算模型...................................17
3-2-3 設定採購週期訂定..................................20
3-2-4 採購數量..........................................20
3-2-5 運輸成本..........................................20
3-3 採購運輸決策模組.................................20
3-4 變數及固定參數設定...............................21
3-4 使用之符號及其單位說明...........................21
第四章 個案模擬分析...................................23
4-1 個案公司及產品簡介............................23
4-1-1 公司簡介..........................................23
4-1-2 個案產品說明......................................23
4-1-3 個案樣本之選定....................................26
4-1-4 各項資料數據說明..................................27
4-2 庫存成本計算.................................27
4-3 採購運輸決策模型..............................30
4-3-1 決策因素..........................................30
4-3-2 以個案的生料進行運輸決策之模擬......................31
4-4 實證分析......................................34
4-4-1 庫存成本分析......................................34
第五章 研究結論......................................37
5-1 結論............................................37
5-2 後續研究方向.....................................40
參考文獻 ..............................................41 |
參考文獻 |
一、中文部份:
1.陳美妤,「TFT-LCD面板運輸模式之研究」。第三章LCD面板產銷及運輸課題,國立交通大學交通運輸研究所,碩士論文,(2005)。
2.王泰裕、胡瑞民,「在服務水準和預算限制下具有選擇性零組件的存貨控制系統」,成大研發快訊,第十一卷,第八期,2009年十二月四日。
3.楊金山,「最適服務水準之低成本存貨模式研究」,遠東學報第二十九卷,第二期,2002年六月出版。
4.謝依潔,「供應鏈滾動預測與訂單策略之模擬研究」,第二章存貨管理成本,國立中央大學資訊管理研究所,碩士論文,(2007)。
5.向佐春,“滾動預測”新興企業未來市場,市場營銷論文,2000年7月3日。
6.薛天棟、陳明杰,「運量模型之研究-運輸經濟之總體分析」,臺灣運輸經濟論文集,(1995)。
7.五十嵐瞭,JTT 生產管理法則(陳哲仁譯),超越企管顧,台北市,1990。
8.張家祝、賈凱傑,「2002廠商全球供應鏈趨勢下之運籌發展」,經濟前瞻,2002。
9.中物聯採購委:企業常見的六種採購策略,2017年4月26日,取自https://read01.com/j4aO3m.html。
二、英文部份:
1.Adam Gilbourne, “Sea freight vs. air freight ” – The ultimate guide,June , 2017.
2.Edward H. Frazelle, Supply Chain Strategy,2003.
3.Ford W. Harris, “How many parts to make at once, Reprinted from factory”, The Magazine of Management, Vol 10, pp. 135-136, 152 , February 1913.
4.Ir. Paul P.J. Durlinger, “Inventory and Holding costs”, A white paper approch for managers, Versie 1.0,October 2012.
5.Robert E. Markland, and Shawnee K. Vickery, Operations Management: Concepts in Manufacturing and Services,South-Western College Publishing, USA ,1998.
6.Sunil Chopra and Peter Meindl, Supply Chain Management: Strategy, Planning, and Operation ,(6th Edition), January 2015.
7.William J. Stevenson, Operations Mandgement, (12th Edition), Mc Graw Hill eduction.May 2015. |
指導教授 |
沈國基(Gwo-Ji Sheen)
|
審核日期 |
2018-7-20 |
推文 |
facebook plurk twitter funp google live udn HD myshare reddit netvibes friend youpush delicious baidu
|
網路書籤 |
Google bookmarks del.icio.us hemidemi myshare
|