| 摘要(英) |
Calcaneus bone is the biggest and the most important bone in human foot. Its role is to hold human weight and other forces that they applied to it. However, this bone is also the most frequently injured tarsal bone. In most cases, the injuries happen because of excessive axial load such as a fall from height or in a motor vehicle accident.
Calcaneus bone fracture classification is used to classify the injured calcaneus bone into types with each type needing a different kind of treatment. Among the several different classification systems, Sanders classification is the most commonly used because it is based on the coronal computed tomography (CT) scan of the calcaneal fracture that shows the widest undersurface of the posterior facet of the calcaneus. However, in spite of its popularity, there is a high degree of variability and inconsistency in its interpretation with only fair to moderate consistency among its users, which is mostly caused by the difference in experience. Such inconsistency is significant because a mistake in treatment may cause irreparable harm to the patient.
Currently, doctors manually examine the chosen CT scan image, which contains the most complete calcaneus structure, then classify it according to calcaneus fracture classification. This is prone to mistakes, not only because of the aforementioned problem but also because sometimes the CT scan image is blurred and does not show clear fracture line.
This thesis attempts to help in identifying the calcaneus fracture type by detecting calcaneus bone fragments and showing the fracture lines.
The first part is to differentiate each bone fragment from the other bone fragments in the image. The second part is to point out the calcaneus bone fragments and show their edges. This system successfully automatically determine which fragments belong to calcaneus bone. |
| 參考文獻 |
[1] A. Daftary, A. H. Haims and M. R. Baumgaertner, Fractures of the Calcaneus: A review with Emphasis on CT, RadioGraphics, 2005.
[2] R. Soeur, R. Remy, B. and B. , "Fractures of the Calcaneus with Displacement of the Thalamic Portion," Bone & Joint Journal, vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 413-421, 1975.
[3] "Diagnosis: Calcaneus, intraarticular displaced fractures," [Online]. Available: https://www2.aofoundation.org/wps/portal/!ut/p/a0/04_Sj9CPykssy0xPLMnMz0vMAfGjzOKN_A0M3D2DDbz9_UMMDRyDXQ3dw9wMDAx8jfULsh0VAdAsNSU!/?bone=Foot&segment=Calcaneus&soloState=fbox&teaserTitle=&contentUrl=srg/82/01-Diagnosis/08-Diag-Calcaneus_displaced.jsp. [Accessed 21 12 2017].
[4] R. Bhattacharya, U. T. Vassan, P. Finn and A. Port, "Sanders Classification of Fractures of the Os Calsis," The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery (Br), Vols. 87-B, no. 2, p. 205, 2005.
[5] D. W. Fanning, "Converting CT Data to Hounsfield Units," 10 01 2006. [Online]. Available: http://www.idlcoyote.com/fileio_tips/hounsfield.html. [Accessed 12 2018].
[6] "Wikipedia: Hounsfield scale," [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hounsfield_scale. [Accessed 12 2018].
[7] A. T. Davis, P. L. Antony, S. Pani and A. Nisbet, "Assessment of the variation in CT scanner performance (image quality and Hounsfield units) with scan parameters, for image optimisation in radiotherapy treatment planning," Physica Medica, vol. 45, pp. 59-64, 2018.
[8] A. Murphy, M. Skalski and et al., "Sanders CT classification of calcaneal fracture," Radiopaedia, [Online]. Available: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/sanders-ct-classification-of-calcaneal-fracture-2 . [Accessed 21 12 2017]. |
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