應用多項式滾動支承於不等高橋墩橋梁之研究

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呂捷宏(JIE-HONG LU) 查詢紙本館藏

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土木工程學系

論文名稱

應用多項式滾動支承於不等高橋墩橋梁之研究

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摘要(中)

由於摩擦單擺支承(Friction Pendulum System, FPS)於近域震波下易發生共振現象，為改善此一情況，本研究使用多項式滾動支承(Polynomial Rocking Bearing, PRB)，其曲面函數為六次多項式，回復力曲線可分為軟化段與硬化段兩區段；軟化段可降低結構物加速度反應，硬化段可避免結構物產生過大位移。此外，PRB可透過幾何參數之調整，改變等效水平摩擦係數，摩擦材的選定相對容易。過去研究已證實PRB具有變頻特性，於近域與遠域震波皆發揮良好隔震效果。
本研究針對PRB不等高橋墩隔震橋梁進行數值模擬，並以目標橋梁之振動台實驗驗證數值分析方法之準確性，結果顯示分析方法可有效模擬目標橋梁之動力行為。此外，採用PSO-SA混合式演算法，針對振動台實驗模型，搜尋最佳化支承參數，並由試驗結果比對證實，結構物反應皆能有效達到設定目標之優化效果。

摘要(英)

The Friction Pendulum System (FPS) may lead isolated structures to resonate with the near-fault ground motion. In order to improve this situation, this study uses Polynomial Rocking Bearing (PRB), whose surface is defined by a sixth-order polynomial function, and the restoring force curve can be divided into two sections: softening section and hardening section. The softening section can reduce the acceleration response of the structure while the hardening section can avoid excessive displacement of the structure. In addition, the PRB can change the equivalent horizontal friction coefficient by adjusting the geometric parameters, so the selection of the friction material is relatively easy. It has been proven that PRB is able to effectively mitigate the structural seismic response induced by either long period near-fault earthquakes or far- fault ground motion.
This study establishes a numerical model for a PRB isolated bridge with columns of irregular heights and conducts the series of the shaking table tests. The results show that the numerical analysis used in this study does simulates the results of experiments. In addition, the optimal parameters of PRB are found out by using PSO-SA hybrid algorithm, then the comparison of the test results confirmed that the structural seismic response can effectively achieve the optimization effect of the objective setting.

關鍵字(中)

★ 滾動支承
★ 不等高橋墩橋梁
★ 振動台實驗
★ 混合式參數搜尋法

關鍵字(英)

論文目次

目錄
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 IX
第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 文獻回顧 3
1.2.1 變頻式隔震支承 3
1.2.2 不等高橋墩橋梁 5
1.3 研究內容 6
第二章多項式滾動支承 8
2.1 前言 8
2.2 支承力學行為 9
2.3 多項式滾動支承曲面函數與等效水平摩擦係數 14
第三章數值分析模型與分析方法 19
3.1 橋梁數值分析模型 19
3.2 運動方程式推導 20
3.3 支承狀態判定 23
3.3.1 全部支承靜止狀態 26
3.3.2 全部支承滑動狀態 26
3.3.3 部分支承滑動狀態 27
第四章PRB最佳化設計 31
4.1 PSO-SA混合式搜尋法 31
4.1.1 最佳化問題數學模式之建立 31
4.1.2 粒子群演算法(Particle Swarm Optimization, PSO) 32
4.1.3 模擬退火法(Simulated Annealing,SA) 35
4.1.4 PSO-SA混合式搜尋法 36
4.2 實驗支承設計 37
4.2.1 PRB參數搜尋 38
4.2.2 PSO-SA目標函數設定 38
4.2.3 最佳參數搜尋支承選定 40
第五章橋梁模型振動台實驗 51
5.1 實驗設備與實驗試體 52
5.2 實驗測量儀器及配置 53
5.3 實驗試體系統識別 54
5.4 輸入震波 55
5.5 振動台實驗結果及討論 57
5.5.1 實驗結果與數值模擬之比對 57
5.5.2 案例一與案例二之比較及探討 60
第六章結論與建議 124
6.1 結論 124
6.2 建議及未來研究方向 125
參考文獻 127
附錄 A 135
附錄 B 141

參考文獻

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指導教授

李姿瑩

審核日期

2018-9-25

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