區塊鏈技術應用於冷鏈農產品之研究：以台灣蘭花出口為例

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林吟禧(Yin-Shi Lin) 查詢紙本館藏

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企業管理學系

論文名稱

區塊鏈技術應用於冷鏈農產品之研究：以台灣蘭花出口為例
(Blockchain Application for the Cold Chain Agricultural Products：A Case Study of Orchid Export from Taiwan)

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摘要(中)

近年來，供應鏈的改善一直專家學者致力於研究的領域，供應鏈上有許多角色，例如，出口商、進口商、銀行、物流業者、政府機構等等。因為這些角色所使用的資訊系統不一致、交易過程中牽涉大量文件、過程冗長，可能產生供應鏈詐欺、非法買賣和走私的問題。而區塊鏈的出現為供應鏈帶來新的機會，利用區塊鏈的特性，可以解決上述供應鏈所產生的問題。
本研究希望能夠運用這樣的技術探討有關於台灣供應鏈上的解決方案。因台灣花卉為全球極具競爭力的產業，故此研究針對台灣冷鏈農產品(蝴蝶蘭)進行個案分析，過程中發現過去探討全球冷鏈出口流程著墨甚少，區塊鏈技術也只針對大方向的供應鏈進行研究，在冷鏈的管理流程的相關文獻也極少，所以期望能透過此研究探討區塊鏈應用於冷鏈易腐農產品的可能性。
本研究利用區塊鏈技術研究領域中全球最大聯盟區塊鏈平台—Hyperledger底下的Fabric、Composer作為本研究建置台灣花卉出口流程的方法，並在最後實踐此流程，驗證區塊鏈技術確實能夠透過去中心化與共享帳本的特性使得所有參與者能在同一個平台上傳遞訊息、智能合約的定義可使交易過程中資料難以竄改並使責任歸屬明確、透過感測器可即時監控數據，使冷鏈能夠降低成本、提高效率。

摘要(英)

As the export of cold chain agricultural products involves many documents, it may lead to problems such as supply chain fraud, smuggling and trafficking. Using blockchain technology may solve the above problems and improve supply chain agility. Accordingly, the purpose of this research is to discuss how to use advanced blockchain technology on Phalaenopsis export from Taiwan.
The framework of Hyperledger Fabric and Composer, the world’s largest alliance blockchain platform, was applied to develop a blockchain application for the flower export process in Taiwan. The process of blockchain application was examined first in this research. Then the corresponding assets, participants, transactions, and events was created under the Hyperledger framework.
Blockchain technology, which has the feature of decentralization, provides a platform for all participants to deliver messages. In this study, the Hyperledger application enables smart contracts to resolve dispute resolution and clear the responsibility. Also, the data can be monitored in real time through the sensor, so that the cold chain reduces costs and improves efficiency. The study findings may serve as a guide for further research on the cold chain agricultural products.

關鍵字(中)

★ 區塊鏈
★ 冷鏈
★ 花卉供應鏈
★ 蘭花
★ Hyperledger Fabric
★ Hyperledger Composer

關鍵字(英)

★ Blockchain
★ Cold Chain
★ Flower Supply Chain
★ Hyperledger Fabric
★ Hyperledger Composer

論文目次

目錄
中文摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 viii
第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的 4
1.3 論文結構 5
第二章文獻探討 6
2.1 易腐產品在冷鏈上的問題與挑戰 6
2.2 花卉供應鏈 11
第三章區塊鏈技術 13
3.1 區塊鏈技術特性 13
3.1.1 資料結構(Blockchain Data Structure) 13
3.1.2 分散式分類帳(Distributed ledger Technology，DLT) 15
3.1.3 密碼學機制(Cryptography) 16
3.1.4 共識決演算法(Consensus Algorithm) 17
3.1.5 智能合約(Smart Contract) 20
3.2 區塊鏈種類 21
3.3 Hyperledger 23
3.3.1 項目背景 23
3.3.2 Fabric 24
3.3.3 Composer 33
第四章個案分析：台灣蝴蝶蘭 39
4.1 台灣蘭花現況以及面臨的困難與挑戰 39
4.2 台灣蘭花出口流程 40
4.2.1 工作計畫申請流程 41
4.2.2 出口流程 43
4.2.3 付款方式—信用狀 47
4.3 區塊鏈場景評估 49
第五章 Hyperledger區塊鏈技術應用：台灣蝴蝶蘭出口 52
5.1 建置Fabric網路 54
5.2 應用Composer建構商業流程模型 59
5.2.1 建構參與者、資產 59
5.2.2 信用狀 64
5.2.3 出口商出貨 71
5.2.4 物流業者運輸 75
5.2.5 進口商收貨 79
第六章結論與建議 82
6.1 研究結果與討論 82
6.2 研究限制及未來建議 83
參考資料 84

參考文獻

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指導教授

沈建文林明杰(Chien-Wen Shen)

審核日期

2019-7-17

推文