淨水污泥與漿紙污泥煅燒灰共同製備輕質化 材料之抗菌特性評估研究

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吳浚瑋(Chun-Wei Wu) 查詢紙本館藏

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環境工程研究所

論文名稱

淨水污泥與漿紙污泥煅燒灰共同製備輕質化材料之抗菌特性評估研究
(Evaluation on characteristics of antibacterial lightweight materials by water purification sludge and paper mill sludge calcined ash.)

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摘要(中)

本研究應用高壓蒸氣技術，探討淨水污泥與漿紙污泥灰共同製備為抗菌輕質化材料之可行性，其中試驗條件分別包括控制蒸氣壓力0.9MPa、反應時間8小時，控制鈣矽比(0.33~1.51)及調濕養護(室溫25℃及濕度70%)14天等條件，探討輕質化材料之機械特性。此外，為進一步探討輕質化材料摻混或表面塗佈二氧化鈦對抗菌特性之影響，本研究嘗試以嗜松青黴菌(Penicillium funiculosum)作為污染菌種，評估材料在模擬日夜光暗循環(日夜各12小時)及濕度條件(白天:65%及夜晚:75%)培養28天，材料表面之青黴菌覆蓋面積多寡，以作為抗菌效果之評估量化指標。
輕質化材料試驗結果顯示，在控制鈣矽比1.51及調濕養護之條件下，材料特性除符合輕質化材料之體密度(1.00g/cm3)及視孔隙率為(60.44%)之要求外，具有最佳之抗壓強度，材料之抗壓強度可達41kg/cm2以上，符合相關高壓蒸氣養護輕質氣泡混凝土之產品規範。製備材料之主要晶相為鈣矽水合物(C-S-H)以及碳酸鈣(Calcite)。抗菌試驗結果顯示，經過28天之試驗後，相較於未塗佈與摻混之試體，不論二氧化鈦之噴灑量之多寡，皆顯示出光催化之抗菌效果。輕質化材料表面之Penicillium funiculosum覆蓋率，以未塗佈試體之20.96%與內摻混之21.82%最高，而塗佈二氧化鈦0.1%試體，具有最佳的抗菌效果，青黴菌覆蓋面積僅約3.34%。本研究以漿紙污泥煅燒灰與淨水污泥製備輕質化材料，於表面塗佈二氧化鈦後，可透過光催化特性抑制青黴菌(Penicillium funiculosum)生長，且效果較未塗佈與摻混二氧化鈦試體佳。整體而言，應用高壓蒸氣技術製備之抗菌輕質化材料，極具後續應用發展潛力。

摘要(英)

This study investigates the characterization of antibacterial lightweight material manufactured by water purification sludge and paper mill calcined ash by autoclaving technique with controlling conditions under steam pressure 0.9 MPa, reaction time 8 hr, Ca/Si ratio ranged from 0.33 to 1.51, humidity control and curing 14 days (room temperature: 25℃and humidity: 70%). This research also investigates the antibacterial materials properties evaluated by the Penicillium funiculosum with controlled day-night cycle (12 hr each), humidity control (day:65% and night:75%), and culturing 28 days. The coverage of Penicillium funiculosum on the surface of the lightweight material is widely used as a quantitative indicator for evaluating the performance of the antibacterial materials properties.
In the case of Ca/Si ratio 1.51 and curing by humidity control, the experimental results indicated that the lightweight material has not only met the criteria of relevant autoclaving lightweight material with bulk density (1.00g/cm3) and apparent porosity (60.44%), but also has the good performance of compressive strength (higher than 41kg/cm2).The identified mainly crystal phases of the lightweight material are calcium silicon hydrate (C-S-H) and calcium carbonate (Calcite). According to the analysis results of 28 days antibacterial performance test, compared with the uncoated and titanium dioxide (TiO2) blended samples, the samples surface coating TiO2 has a good photocatalytic and antibacterial characteristics. In the case of uncoated and TiO2 blended samples, the coverage of Penicillium funiculosum on the surface of lightweight are 20.96% and 21.82%, respectively. The lightweight materials coating 0.1% TiO2 could perform the good antibacterial characteristics corresponding with lowest coverage of Penicillium funiculosum (approximately 3.34%). In this study, the prepared antibacterial lightweight materials could provide the good photocatalytic characteristics to inhibit the growth of Penicillium funiculosum. In summary, the prepared antibacterial lightweight materials have a good potential for applying the building and construction work in the future.

關鍵字(中)

★ 抗菌輕質化材料
★ 高壓蒸氣技術
★ 漿紙污泥
★ 淨水污泥
★ 二氧化鈦

關鍵字(英)

★ Antibacterial lightweight materials
★ autoclaving
★ paper mill sludge
★ water purification sludge
★ titanium dioxide (TiO2)

論文目次

摘要....i
Abstract....iii
誌謝......v
目錄.....vii
圖目錄......xi
表目錄.......xiii
第一章前言 1
第二章文獻回顧 5
2-1淨水污泥之處理現況 5
2-1-1淨水污泥之產量及處理現況 5
2-1-2淨水污泥之物化特性 6
2-2漿紙污泥之處理現況 8
2-2-1漿紙污泥及漿紙污泥灰產量及處理現況 8
2-2-2漿紙污泥及漿紙污泥灰之物化特性 9
2-3高壓蒸氣技術之原理機制與應用 15
2-3-1高壓蒸氣技術之原理 15
2-3-2操作條件及鈣矽比對材料之影響 17
2-3-3高壓蒸氣技術研究與應用 19
2-3-4國內廢棄物轉換為材料之相關研究 24
2-4奈米二氧化鈦原理機制與應用 26
2-4-1奈米二氧化鈦光催化原理機制 26
2-4-2二氧化鈦應用與研究 31
2-4-3塗層效果評估 36
2-4-4微生物生長之因素 37
第三章研究材料與方法 39
3-1實驗材料 39
3-1-1淨水污泥 39
3-1-2漿紙污泥煅燒灰 39
3-1-3二氧化鈦 40
3-2實驗操作條件 40
3-2-1預先試驗 40
3-2-2調質試驗 41
3-2-3塗佈及摻混TiO2試驗 42
3-2-4抗菌試驗 44
3-3實驗方法與分析項目 47
第四章結果與討論 53
4-1研究材料基本特性分析 53
4-1-1污泥之化學組成 53
4-1-2污泥之粒徑分析 55
4-1-3漿紙污泥熱重損失之分析結果 57
4-1-4淨水污泥之物種鑑定與微觀結構 58
4-2漿紙污泥原料煅燒特性分析 60
4-2-1 X射線繞射分析 60
4-2-2灼燒減量 61
4-2-3微觀結構 62
4-2-4比表面積分析 64
4-3抗菌輕質化之材料特性分析 65
4-3-1調質試驗分析結果 65
4-3-2材料之晶相物種鑑定 73
4-3-3材料之紅外線光譜(FTIR)分析結果 75
4-4輕質化材料之二氧化鈦塗層相容性與抗菌能力評估 77
4-4-1輕質化材料與塗層之相容性 77
4-4-2材料微觀結構 80
4-4-3輕質化材料抗菌分析結果 85
4-4-4塗佈與摻混抗菌效果比較 108
第五章結論與建議 111
5-1結論 111
5-2建議 113
參考文獻 115

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指導教授

江康鈺(Kung-Yuh Chiang)

審核日期

2019-8-22

推文