鋰離子電池模組故障排除系統暨老化參數量測建置研究

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姓名

蔡咏昇(Yung-Sheng Tsai) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

光機電工程研究所

論文名稱

鋰離子電池模組故障排除系統暨老化參數量測建置研究
(Development of Troubleshooting System for Lithium Battery Packs and Study on the Degradation Assessment Model for Li-ion Battery Pack)

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摘要(中)

本論文涵蓋兩部分，包括鋰離子電池模組故障排除系統建置，其目的為提供使用者快速找出使電池組故障或停機保護的問題來源；以及量測電池老化重要指標參數-電池直流內阻值(DCIR)，在電池使用中進行動態量測，以便後續建鋰離子電池殘餘壽命評估技術，達到提前警示使用者使用壽命功能。

在故障排除系統建置方面，本研究以Python程式語言進行系統撰寫，藉Python豐富的開源函式庫（Library），利於撰寫知識庫系統，另採用PyQt5模組開發圖形使用者介面(GUI)；此系統方便使用者判讀並可持續擴充其專家知識邏輯與解釋故障原因，可讓診斷系統故障判斷及排除逐日精準。知識庫邏輯判斷經由分析整合，透過電池廠商提供多年故障判斷及維修經驗所累積的故障型態樹狀分析圖(FTA)，做為系統開發及故障推論的架構；開發過程若遇到特殊故障狀況，均與廠商電池組故障維修技術員討論並研析正確的原因及排除方式；此外，規劃製作友善的使用者介面，讓使用者對故障電池的狀況一目了然。

為了擴充電池管理系統殘餘壽命評估功能，且增加故障排除系統進行故障類別判斷的特性參數，開發電池模組內阻及監測參數量測暨壽命評估技術：使用Hybrid Power Pulse Characterization (HPPC)技術並針對廠商提供的e-bike輕量動力電池組實驗設計，連接廠商的資料擷取裝置，紀錄電池動態參數並計算內阻值。在評估實驗需求後，以大型恆溫箱設備進行恆溫條件充放電量測實驗，本研究需經長時間不間斷實驗，逐日獲得電池老化數據，故研究中以可程式直流電源供應器及可程式直流電子負載，以便讓電池自行充放電進行實驗。透過所設計一系列電池充放電流程，由診斷器擷取每秒電池內部參數，計算出電池壽命老化之重要指標參數-電池內阻值，後續可以建立電池等效電路模型，模擬電池輸出特性並進行驗證，如此能透過電池老化演算法進行鋰離子電池壽命預測。

摘要(英)

This industry-university cooperative research project aims at realizing two techniques per commissioned manufacturer including the development of trouble-shooting system for Li-ion battery packs, and the measurement of internal resistance and parameters for the residual life estimation of battery packs.
When the battery pack can’t be charged or malfunction happened, it will be refund to local dealer, service personnel can use the trouble-shooting system to load the fault log data from battery packs by diagnosis tool, the system will show the reasoning which type of protection and every step of troubleshooting on the system graphical user interface (GUI).
Development of trouble-shooting system: The system has been coded through Python as an abundant Python open-source library functions can be obtained. Additionally, we coded the GUI by using PyQt5 module. The developed system is convenient for the manufacturer to use; further, its diagnosis capability is easy to be expanded with adding more inferring logics and rule-causes. Overall architecture of the troubleshooting system is followed the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) which is built by lithium battery pack expert, FTA contains all of malfunction about lithium battery pack form maintenance department engineer years of experience.
Measurement of internal resistance and parameters for the residual life: For the measurement of internal resistance and battery parameters the hybrid power pulse characterization scheme will be implemented to perform on the battery packs SBC-DT1. More specifically, the internal resistance of battery packs can be accurately calculated since the equivalent circuits of battery packs are modeled and varied parameters are acquired as soon as the charge and discharge processes are performed.
So far, the diagnosis modules of trouble-shooting system for Li-ion battery packs have been designed and implemented; further, to expand more inferring logics and rule-causes and to polish the GUI to be more user friendly are undergoing. Meanwhile, the domain experienced engineers from the manufacturer help verify its inferring and diagnosis performance. As to the internal resistance estimation, all related experiments following each charge and discharge process can be conducted after the test room is remodeled and the constant-temperature chamber is installed.

關鍵字(中)

★ 鋰離子電池模組
★ 內阻
★ 故障診斷
★ 電池老化參數量測
★ 專家系統

關鍵字(英)

★ Lithium ion Battery Packs
★ Internal Resistance
★ Failure Diagnosis
★ Measurement of battery aging parameter
★ Expert System

論文目次

摘要 VI
Abstract VII
致謝 VIII
目錄 IX
圖目錄 XI
表目錄 XIII
第一章緒論 1
1-1 研究背景與目的 1
1-1-1 現況與背景 1
1-1-2 動機與目的 2
1-2 文獻探討 3
1-3 論文架構 6
第二章理論基礎 7
2-1 鋰離子電池發展 7
2-2 鋰離子電池原理及特性 8
2-2-1 組成結構 9
2-2-2 運作原理 12
2-2-3 優點 13
2-3 電池常用名詞介紹 15
2-4 實際與理想電池差異 16
第三章電池管理系統 20
3-1 影響電池輸出要素 20
3-1-1 溫度 20
3-1-2 輸出電流 21
3-1-3 自放電率 22
3-1-4 電池老化 22
3-2 保護原理 23
3-2-1 電壓保護 23
3-2-2 電流保護 24
3-2-3 溫度保護 24
3-2-4 電池芯平衡 25
第四章故障排除系統建置 26
4-1 故障參數存取流程 26
4-2 診斷平台建置 28
4-2-1 系統架構 28
4-2-2 系統流程 31
4-3 圖形使用者介面設計 33
第五章鋰離子電池模組量測平台建置 34
5-1 量測設備 34
5-2 混合脈衝動力性能測試 37
5-3 量測流程 39
第六章研究成果驗證 43
6-1 故障排除系統GUI 43
6-2 系統推論驗證 45
6-3 老化參數量測及內阻計算 52
第七章結果與未來展望 57
7-1 結論 57
7-2 未來展望 58
參考文獻 60
附錄1 64
附錄2 66

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指導教授

潘敏俊(Min-Chun Pan)

審核日期

2019-10-8

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