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姓名 吳沂靜(Yi-Ching, Wu) 查詢紙本館藏 畢業系所 化學學系 論文名稱 可溶性環戊烷二噻吩衍生物於有機光伏打 太陽能電池材料之開發 相關論文 檔案 [Endnote RIS 格式]
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至系統瀏覽論文 (2025-7-23以後開放)
摘要(中) 本論文可分為有機光伏打電池 (OPVs) 、電洞傳輸層 (HTL) 之材料開發。
本研究以 CDT 為單元,開發出新核心:CDT 外掛 DPP 單元的 DPP-CDT,之後將此新核心分別接上末端基拉電子基團茚酮 (IN) 與二氯茚酮 (INCl),製備出兩個新的可溶性有機光伏打太陽能電池材料:DINDPPCDT-b16 (1) 與 DINClDPP-CDT-b16 (2)。預期帶有多併環噻吩及吡咯併吡咯二酮之核心有助於電荷轉移進而增加載子移動率,於多環的核心架構中引入碳鏈以確保分子之溶解度,並避免材料製備成膜時分子之堆疊嚴重。
藉由 UV-vis 探討所開發出來的分子之吸收波段,相較於末端基 團只接茚酮 (IN) 的分子,帶有氯之分子有明顯的紅位移現象。 利用 DPV 探討所開發出新分子的 HOMO 與 LUMO 能階差異, 相較於末端基團只接茚酮 (IN) 的分子,在引入較強拉電子之氯之後,HOMO 與 LUMO 能階都有明顯的下降,預期組裝成元件後會有更寬的吸光範圍和更強的吸收。以此新材料之 OPVs 元件性質仍在測試中。
電洞傳輸層的部分,開發出以 CDT 單元和 SBT 單元為核心之小分子材料,DTPA-CDT-8 (3),DTPA-SBT-6 (4) ,其化合物DTPA-CDT-8 (3) 目前應用於鈣鈦礦太陽能電池中,所組裝之元件能有效提升光電轉換效率,為 19.47% 。摘要(英) A series of new organic optoelectronic materials were synthesized
and characterized for organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) and hole transporting layer (HTL) applications.
Using CDT as central core, a new conjugated unit DPP-CDT was first prepared and was end-capped with electron withdrawing groups, such as dicyanomethylene indanone (IN) and dichlorodicyanomethylene indanone (INCl), via knoevenagel condensation, to give two new materials DINDPP-CDT-b16 (1) and DINClDPPCDT-b16 (2).
The optical properties of these new compounds were characterized by UV-vis and the frontier orbitals energy levels (HOMO and LUMO) were evaluated by Differential Pulse Voltammetry. With the introduction of more electronegative atoms such as chlorine, the Uv-Vis absorption of DINClDPP-CDT-b16 is more red-shifted and exhibit stronger intramolecular charge transfer effect than the DINDPP-CDT-b16 analog. In comparison with dicyanomethylene indanone (IN), INCl-derivative exhibit lower HOMO and LUMO.
Two new hole transporting layer materials, DTPA-CDT-8 (3) and DTPA-SBT-6 (4), were synthesized, which were used as hole transporting layers in perovskite solar cells. Currently, DTPA-CDT-8 (3) exhibited 19.47% power conversion efficiency.關鍵字(中) ★ 太陽能電池 關鍵字(英) 論文目次 摘要...........................................................................................................vi
Abstract....................................................................................................vii
致謝.........................................................................................................viii
目錄...........................................................................................................ix
List of Figures xiv
List of Schemes xvi
List of Tables. xviii
Appendixes catalog xix
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 有機太陽能電池之前言 2
1-2 有機太陽能電池之概論 3
1-3 太陽能電池種類概述 4
1-3-1 矽晶太陽能電池 4
1-3-2 無機化合物半導體太陽能電池 5
1-3-3 有機太陽能電池 6
1-4 有機光伏打電池之元件結構 7
1-4-1 雙層式異質接面 (Bilayer heterojunction, PHJ) 8
1-4-2 體異質接面 (Bulk heterojunction, BHJ) 8
1-4-3 串聯結構 9
1-5 有機光伏打電池之運作原理 10
1-5-1光激發 (Optical absorption) 10
1-5-2 激子擴散與分離 (Exction diffusion and dissociation) 11
1-5-3 電荷傳輸 (Charge transfer) 12
1-5-4 電荷收集 (Charge collection) 12
1-6 有機光伏打電池參數介紹 13
1-6-1 J-V 曲線 14
1-6-2 短路電流 (Short circuit current, JSC) 15
1-6-3 開環電壓 (Open circuit voltage, VOC) 15
1-6-4 外部量子效率 (Eternal quantum efficiency, EQE) 16
1-6-5 填充因子 (Fill factor, FF) 16
1-6-6 能量轉換效率 (Power conversion efficiency, η) 16
1-7 富勒烯與非富勒烯受體 17
1-8 非富勒烯稠環電子受體 18
1-8-1 稠環核心 19
1-8-2 末端基團 20
1-8-3 側鏈 20
1-9 有機光伏打電池材料 21
1-9-1 N-type 有機光伏打材料 21
1-10 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 29
1-10-1鈣鈦礦太陽能電池簡介 29
1-10-2鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的組成 30
1-10-3工作原理 33
1-11研究動機與目的 34
1-11-1有機光伏打電池材料 34
1-11-2電洞傳輸層材料 37
第二章 實驗 40
2-1 有機半導體化合物名稱對照表 41
2-2 實驗用品 42
2-2-1 實驗所用之化學藥品 42
2-2-2 實驗所用之溶劑除水方式 44
2-3 實驗儀器 45
2-3-1 核磁共振光譜儀 (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, NMR); Bruker AVANCE 300 / 500 / 600 MHz 45
2-3-2 紫外光 / 可見光吸收光譜 (Ultraviolet / visible spectro-photometer) ; U-3900 型 45
2-3-3 電化學裝置 (Electrochemiacal Analyzer / Work- station);HCH Instrumentent Model 621C 46
2-3-4 示差熱掃描卡計 (Differential Scanning Calorimeter, DSC);NETZSCH DSC 204 F1 46
2-4 有機半導體化合物合成步驟 47
2-4-1 3,3′-dibromo-2,2′-bithiophene (5) 之合成 47
2-4-2 4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b′]dithiophene (7) 之合成 48
2-4-3 4,4-dioctyl-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b′]dithiophene (8) 之合成 49
2-4-4 4,4-dioctyl-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b′]dithiophene-2,6-diyl)bis(tributylstannane (10) 之合成 50
2-4-5 3,6-di(thiophen-2-yl)pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4(2H,5H)-dione ( DPP ) (11) 之合成 51
2-4-6 3-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-2,5-bis(2-hexyldecyl)-6-(thiophen-2-yl)-2,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione (13) 之合成 52
2-4-7 1-bromo-2-hexyldecane (14) 之合成 54
2-4-8 6,6′-((4,4-dioctyl-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b′]dithiophene-2,6-diyl)bis(thiophene-5,2-diyl))bis(2,5-bis(2-hexyldecyl)-3-(thiophen-2-yl)-2,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione) (DPP-CDT-b16) (15) 之合成 55
2-4-9 5,5′-(((4,4-dioctyl-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b′]dithiophene-2,6-diyl)bis(thiophene-5,2-diyl))bis(2,5-bis(2-hexyldecyl)-3,6-dioxo-2,3,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,1-diyl))bis(thiophene-2-carbaldehyde) (DCHODPP-CDT-b16) (16) 之合成 56
2-4-10 DINDPP-CDT-b16 (1) 之合成 57
2-4-11 DINClDPP-CDT-b16 (2) 之合成 58
2-4-12 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (17) 之合成 59
2-4-13 2-(5,6-dichloro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (18) 之合成 60
2-4-14 4-bromo-N,N-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)aniline (TPA) (19) 之合成 61
2-4-15 4-methoxy-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-(4-(tributylstannyl)phenyl)aniline (TPA-SnBu3 ) (20) 之合成 62
2-4-16 DTPA-CDT-8 (3) 之合成 63
2-4-17 3 5,5′-dibromo-3,3′-bis(hexylthio)-2,2′-bithiophene (di-Br-SBT-6) (22) 之合成 64
2-4-18 DTPA-SBT-6 (4) 之合成 65
第三章 結果與討論 67
3-1 有機半導體材料之光學性質探討 68
3-1-1 UV-vis 光學性質探討 68
3-2 有機半導體材料之電化學性質探討前言 72
3-2-1 DPV 電化學性質探討 72
3-3 有機半導體材料之熱性質探討 74
3-3-1 有機半導體材料之熱性質分析 74
第四章 結論 76
參考文獻 78
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