 |
|
|
|
以作者查詢圖書館館藏 、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士 、以作者查詢全國書目 、勘誤回報 、線上人數：45 、訪客IP：3.145.86.211
姓名 英娜娣(Netty Imbu) 查詢紙本館藏 畢業系所 國際永續發展碩士在職專班 論文名稱 在巴布亞新幾內亞的紮克河谷的凱帕克社區的一個混合型微電網提議
(Proposal of A Hybrid Microgrid for Kepkak Community in Tsak Valley, Papua New Guinea)相關論文 檔案 [Endnote RIS 格式]
[相關文章]
[文章引用]
[完整記錄]
[館藏目錄]
[檢視]
- 本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
- 已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的，進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
- 請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定，切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送，以免觸法。
摘要(中) 巴布亞新幾內亞(PNG)能源部門依據其在2030年底實現的中期發展目標的焦點是增加電力供應並提供清潔和可負擔的電力，以改善其800萬人的生活水準。約有80%的人住在巴布亞新幾內亞的農村地區，由於崎嶇的地形和社會經濟的限制，而無法將電力從主電網輸送到那些偏遠社區。本論文提出了一種離網的微電網的設計，模擬和分析的有效方法。這項研究的案例是位於Enga省Wapenamanda區Tsak谷地的Kepkak社區。經由微電網模擬軟體HOMER Pro的優化的架構包括微型水力發電廠(MHPP)，太陽光電(PV)陣列的尺寸以及鉛酸電池組，轉換器的數量以及柴油發電機的容量。依據軟體估計的電力負載需求為165.44 度/天，峰值為30.20 kW的微電網的電力系統配置。該微電網設計採用混合方式，電網包括25.2 kW PV，具有39.2 kW的MHPP，容量為90.9 kWh的鉛酸電池和5 kW柴油發電機的儲能系統。微電網的總淨現值(NPC)為248,891.19美元，初始資本成本為183,879.13美元，其中當柴油價格為0.90美元/升時電費為美金0.44/度。PNG一直在談論實現微電網建置，但是實現此類系統存在很多挑戰。全世界的援助組織在為這些計畫提供資金方面已經取得了進展，但是PNG政府必須加緊並補貼由開發合作夥伴開發的這些微電網和相對補助相關計畫的安裝和維護。 摘要(英) The focus in the energy sector in Papua New Guinea (PNG) is to increase access and provide clean and affordable electricity to improve living standards for its eight million people in accordance with its medium-term development goals set to achieve at the end of 2030. Approximately 80% of the population live in the rural areas of PNG with less to no access to electricity due to rugged topography and socio-economic constraints which makes it infeasible to transmit electricity from the main grid to those isolated communities. This research work proposes an approach of design, simulation and analysis of an off-grid microgrid which utilizes a hybrid approach for a typical rural village in PNG. This study site is located on Kepkak community situated in Tsak valley in Wapenamanda district, Enga Province. The architecture consists of sizing of the micro hydro power plant (MHPP), photovoltaic (PV) array and number of battery strings, converter, and diesel generator which is optimized with the microgrid simulation software - HOMER Pro. The feasible and optimal power system configuration for the microgrid based on the estimated load demand of 165.44 kWh/day with a peak of 30.20 kW gives a microgrid design which utilizes a hybrid approach that consists of a 25.2 kW PV plant, a MHPP with a capacity of 39.2 kW and a storage system with a capacity of 90.9 kWh of lead acid batteries and a 5 kW diesel generator which gives the microgrid an overall net present cost of US$ 248,891.10 with an initial capital cost of US$ 183, 879.13 with a cost of electricity of US$ 0.44 per kWh when the price of diesel is at US $0.90/L. PNG has been talking about implementing microgrid but there is a lot of challenge to implement such systems. There’s been progress in terms of aid organization around the world funding these projects, but the government has to step up and subsidize the installation and maintaining of these microgrids and counter fund projects developed by development partners. 關鍵字(中) ★ 混合電力
★ HOMER Pro軟體
★ 太陽光電
★ 離網關鍵字(英) ★ Microgrid
★ HOMER Pro software
★ Micro-hydro
★ Photovoltaic
★ Off-grid論文目次 CHINESE ABSTRACT.............................................................................i
ABSTRACT ..............................................................................................ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT......................................................................iii
TABLE OF CONTENT...........................................................................iv
TABLE OF FIGURES .............................................................................vi
TABLE OF TABLES.................................................................................ix
EXPLANATION OF SYMBOLS............................................................x
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Research Problems.........................................................................1
1.2 Objectives...........................................................................................4
1.3 Scope of Study..................................................................................5
1.4 Organization of the Thesis...........................................................6
1.5 Thesis Limitations............................................................................7
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Renewable Energy Potentials in Papua New Guinea.........8
2.2 Importance of Microgrid for Rural Electrification ..............9
2.3 Rural Electrification in Papua New Guinea...........................15
2.4 HOMER Pro Tool............................................................................16
CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODS
3.1 Methodological Framework......................................................22
3.2 Electricity Load Estimation of the Village based on HOMER Pro ...........................................................................................26
3.3 Renewable Energy Potential in Kepkak community........33
3.4 Optimisation of Inputs of the Microgrid..............................37
3.5 Cost Data and Size Specification of Each Component...39
3.6 Other System inputs into HOMER Pro..............................................................................................................46
3.7 Sensitivity Variables.....................................................................48
CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Systems Optimisation and selection scenarios.................50
4.2 Economic feasibility analysis of the selected scenarios..................................................................................................51
4.3 Optimization Analysis of Scenario E.....................................56
4.4 Sensitivity Analysis ......................................................................60
4.5 Comparison of designed microgrid with the current cost of microgrids.........................................................................................61
CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Conclusion......................................................................................63
5.2 Recommendation........................................................................64
5.3 Suggestions for Future work...................................................64
BIBLIOGRAPHY....................................................................................66
APPENDIX 1 TYPES OF HOUSES AND BUILDINGS IN THE STUDY AREA …................................................................................... 70
APPENDIX 2 ELECTRIC COMPONENTS SIZING, & COSTING ...................................................................................................................74參考文獻 Aiau, S. 2016, PNG′s energy sector and estimation of renewable energy resources in Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea: Solar and Wind power for New Umi township. 8. 39-46.
Asian Development Bank, 2017, Pacific Energy Update 2017, Pages 1-6 & 16-19.
Atmospheric Science Data Center, NASA surface meteorology and solar energy database, http://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/sse/, accessed 25 September 2019.
Bahta, T.S. 2013, Designing and analyzing of an off-grid hybrid renewable energy system to supply electricity for rural areas – Case study: Atsbi District, North Ethiopia, KTH School of Industrial Engineering and management, Stockholm, Master Thesis.
Bergasse, E. 2013, The Relationship between Energy and Socio-Economic Development in the Southern and Eastern Mediterranean, Mediterranean Prospects (MEDPRO) Technical Report 27/13. Brussels, Belgium: European Union.
Department of Public Enterprises and Department of Petroleum, 2015, National Energy Policy (2016-2020).
Environment Management Service (EMS), 2015, Tsak Valley hydro scheme environmental & social impact assessment, Tsak Valley, Wapenamanda district, Enga Province, Papua New Guinea.
ESMAP, 2019, Mini grids for half a billion people: market outlook and handbook for decision makers, Executive summary. Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP) Technical Report 014/19. Washington, DC: World Bank.
Frazer Thomas, 2014, Enga hydro, feasibility study final draft report, pages 1-93.
Goldberg, J; Lier, E. 2011, Rehabilitation of Hydropower : An Introduction to Economic and Technical Issues. Water papers; Washington, DC : World Bank.
HOMER Pro Software, 2019, https://www.homerenergy.com/products/pro/docs/latest/index.html, accessed 2 September 2019.
IEA, 2010, Energy poverty, how to make modern energy access universal, OECD/IEA, Paris.
National Statistical Office of Papua New Guinea, 2018, https://www.nso.gov.pg /index.php /population and-social/other-indicators, accessed 20 November. 2018.
IRENA, 2012, Renewable Energy Technologies: “Cost Analysis Series, Volume 1: Power Sector Issue 3/5, Hydropower, https://www.irena.org/documentdownloads/publications/re_techno logies _cost_analysis-hydropower.pdf, accessed 14 May. 2018.
IRENA, 2015, Renewable power generation costs in 2014, https://www.irena.org/document downloads/publications/irena_re_power_costs_summary.pdf accessed 14 May 2020.
IRENA, 2016, The power to change: solar and wind cost reduction potential to 2025.
Isaka, M. 2013, Renewable energy opportunities and challenges in the Pacific Island region: Papua New Guinea: International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), pages 1-14.
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), 2010, Final report: Papua New Guinea baseline data collection survey in power sector.
Kaygusuz, K. 2011. Energy services and energy poverty for sustainable rural development. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 15(2): 936-947.
Longe O.M., 2017. A case study on off-grid microgrid for universal electricity access in the eastern cape of South Africa. International J. Energy Engineering 7 (2): 55-63.
Macroeconomy Meter, 2020, Central bank discount rate-Papua New Guinea, http:// mecometer.com/whats/papua-new-guinea/central-bank-discount-rate/, accessed 20 May 2020.
McLeod, 2019, Lowy institute, https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/plugging-png-electricity-partners-and-politics, accessed 27th September 2019.
Microgrid Project, 2017, Types of microgrids, http://microgridprojects.com/types-of-micro grids/, accessed 6 March 2020.
National Statistics Office, 2010, Papua New Guinea 2000 Census National Report, Port Moresby, PNG.
New Zealand Parliament, 2017, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, https://www.parliament.nz/resou rce/en-Z/51SCFDT_EVI_00DBSCH_EST_63068_1_A436297/233a38c8d8ae05365915d5d 8584a2bd6a02766c, accessed 18 January 2019.
NREL, 2018, U.S. utility-scale photovoltaics-plus-energy system costs benchmark, https://www. nrel.gov/docs/fy19osti/71714.pdf accessed 30 May 2020.
PNG Power Ltd, 2018, http://www.pngpower.com.pg/images/misc/Tariff3May2013.pdf, accessed 20 November 2018.
REEEP, 2013. Independent State of Papua New Guinea, https://www.reeep.org/independent-state-papua-new-guinea-2012, accessed 1 November 2018.
Schnitzer, D., 2014, Microgrids for rural electrification: A critical review of best practices based on seven case studies, United Nations Foundation, United States of America.
Setiawan, D. 2016, Asessment of rural electrification strategy in Sumba Island, Indonesia: A GIS-based supply-demand approach , International Master Program for Environment Sustainable Development, Master Thesis.
Shah, J.R., 2020, Why microgrids are key to solving energy poverty worldwide, https://fortune.com/2020/01/21/microgrids-energy-poverty-africa-asia/?fbclid=IwAR2Kag QS_cgfUFvfqHqt0Ww-MQCuvM4rAc3ag krlX 8d4zCX-8fA_a9dOXdE, accessed 22 January 2020.
Siemens USA. Smart grid solution. Available from: https://w3.usa.siemens.com/smartgrid/ us/en/microgrid/pages/microgrids.aspx, accessed April 5, 2018
Singh, P., Khan B., 2017, Smart microgrid energy management using a novel artificial shark optimization. Complexity. 2017: Article ID 2158926.
Stahley, B. 2019, Sunpower, Commercial solar panel degradation: What you should know and keep in mind, https://businessfeed.sunpower.com/articles/what-to-know-about-commercial-solar-panel-degradation, accessed 20 of April 2020
Teske, S., 2011, The advanced energy [r]evolution, a sustainable energy outlook for South Africa, South Africa energy scenario. Greenpeace Africa and European Renewable Energy Council (EREC) 2nd edition.
World Bank, 2010, Poverty lines across the world, Development Research, World Bank, Washington, D.C.
World Weather Online, Wapenamanda Monthly Climate Averages, https://www.worldweather online.com/lang/en-in/wapenamanda-weather-averages/enga/pg.aspx. accessed 18 December 2018
Ugirimbabazi, 2015, Analysis of power system options for rural electrification in Rwanda, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Agder, Master Thesis.
Yeshalem, M.T., & Khan, B., 2018, Microgrid integration. Special topics in renewable energy systems. https://www.intechopen.com/books/special-topics-in-renewable-energy-systems /microgrid-integration, accessed 5 February 2020.指導教授 吳俊諆(Jiunn-Chi Wu) 審核日期 2020-7-21 推文 plurk
funp
live
udn
HD
myshare
netvibes
friend
youpush
delicious
baidu
網路書籤 Google bookmarks
del.icio.us
hemidemi
facebook
twitter
google
reddit