以離散元素法電腦模擬探討顆粒體在不同置入物儲槽中的傳輸性質與內部性質

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郭庭君(Ting-Chun Kuo) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

以離散元素法電腦模擬探討顆粒體在不同置入物儲槽中的傳輸性質與內部性質
(Numerical Study on Transport and Internal Properties of Granular Materials in Cylindrical Silos with Different Inserts Using Discrete Element Modelling)

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2025-7-31以後開放)

摘要(中)

本研究採用離散元素法(Discrete Element Method, DEM)模擬顆粒體在六種置入物儲槽中循環排放時的流動與力學行為，此六種置入物分別為無置入物，倒圓錐型，圓片型，圓錐中空型，圓柱中空型，及儲槽中空型置入物，並提出切片法模型模擬顆粒體在儲槽中的流動行為，進一步分析置入物對儲槽中顆粒流傳輸性質與內部性質的影響，研究結果顯示：(1) 倒圓錐型、圓片型與圓錐中空型三種置入物儲槽顆粒體的垂直速度與徑向速度差異較小且較為均勻分佈，粒子溫度呈現更均勻分佈，滯留時間較為集中，質量流率皆較低，有助於改善儲槽中顆粒體的流動行為；(2) 六種置入物儲槽的粒子體積佔有率峰值皆約為0.62，在靠近儲槽邊壁或置入物邊壁區域的粒子體積佔有率較小，此外靠近中心處呈現更小的粒子體積佔有率；(3) 當六種置入物儲槽顆粒流態由均勻穩定轉換成不均勻時，呈現極大的正向應力。垂直應力分佈中可以發現由接觸力產生的架橋效應，倒圓錐型與圓片型置入物儲槽造成正向應力三個分量的峰值提高且範圍更廣，而儲槽中空型置入物儲槽在正向應力三個分量皆呈現最大值；(4) 六種置入物儲槽的Von Mises應力分佈與垂直應力分佈最為接近，這說明儲槽不論是否安裝置入物，儲槽內部應力的傳遞主要由垂直應力控制；(5)六種置入物儲槽中在傾斜邊壁與置入物上方區域受阻擋作用影響，均導致不均勻與不穩定顆粒流進而引起較強烈的異向性，以致應力比大於1.0，甚至高達2.4。

摘要(英)

The purpose of this study is to investigate the flow and mechanical behavior of granular materials in cylindrical silos with six different inserts by using Discrete Element Method (DEM). These inserts include conical insert, disk insert, BINSERT, hollow cylinder insert and hollow silo insert. To substantially reduce computer time, a slice method is proposed to simulate the flow behavior of granular materials in the silo. Furthermore, the effect of insert geometry on transport properties and internal physical properties of the granular flow in the silo is analyzed. Key findings are highlighted as follow: (1) In the silos with conical insert, disk insert, and BINSERT, the granular flow exhibits more uniform vertical and radial velocity profiles. The granular temperature is evenly distributed, and the residence time is also relatively concentrated, the mass flow rate shows smaller values. (2) The peak value of solid fraction in the silos with six kinds of insert is approximately 0.62. The solid fraction shows smaller values near the silo walls and inserts. Furthermore, the solid fraction near the center shows the smallest values. (3) When the granular flow is transformed from stability to non-uniform, the granular assembly experiences a great normal stress. The spatial distribution of vertical stress demonstrates the arching phenomena caused by the contact force. The peak values of normal stress increase and its spatial distribution becomes wider in the silo with conical insert and disk insert. However, the normal stress for the silo with hollow silo insert shows large values. (4) Von Mises stress distribution in the silos shows very similar pattern to the vertical stress. This indicates that the stress state in the silos is dominated by the vertical stress. (5) The granular flow in the silos subject to obstruction is uneven and unstable and shows strong anisotropy, resulting in a stress ratio greater than 1.0, even up to 2.4.

關鍵字(中)

★ 三維儲槽
★ 顆粒物質
★ 置入物
★ 離散元素模擬
★ 傳輸性質
★ 內部性質

關鍵字(英)

★ 3D silo
★ granular materials
★ insert
★ discrete element modelling
★ transport property
★ internal physical property

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iii
附表目錄 vi
附圖目錄 vii
第一章緒論 1
1-1 研究背景 1
1-2 儲槽內顆粒流動模式 1
1-3 文獻回顧 2
1-3-1 儲槽內顆粒體的傳輸性質 2
1-3-2 儲槽內顆粒體的內部性質 4
1-3-3 置入物儲槽顆粒流相關研究 5
1-4 研究動機與目的 7
1-5 研究架構 8
第二章研究方法 9
2-1 離散元素法 9
2-1-1 離散元素法之架構 9
2-1-2 三維剛體運動方程式 10
2-1-3 接觸力模型 11
2-1-4 臨界時間步 13
2-2 離散元素電腦模擬 13
2-2-1 離散元素電腦模擬輸入參數 13
2-2-2 儲槽與置入物模型建模 14
2-2-3 切片法合理性驗證 15
2-2-4 時間與空間平均 16
2-3 顆粒流傳輸性質 17
2-3-1 局部平均速度 17
2-3-2 粒子擾動速度 18
2-3-3 粒子溫度 18
2-4 顆粒流內部性質 19
2-4-1 邊壁壓力 19
2-4-2 粒子體積佔有率 20
2-4-3 平均配位數 20
2-4-4 摩擦啟動因子 20
2-4-5 摩擦啟動因子概率分佈 21
2-4-6 接觸力強度 21
2-5 應力 22
2-5-1 應力張量 22
2-5-2 Von Mises 應力 24
第三章結果與討論 26
3-1 置入物對顆粒體在儲槽傳輸性質影響 26
3-1-1 垂直速度分佈 26
3-1-2 徑向速度分佈 28
3-1-3 粒子溫度分佈 29
3-1-4 滯留時間分佈 31
3-1-5 擾動速度分佈 33
3-1-6 質量流率 34
3-2 置入物對顆粒體在儲槽內部性質的影響 35
3-2-1 邊壁法向壓力 35
3-2-2 邊壁垂直剪向壓力 36
3-2-3 粒子體積佔有率 37
3-2-4 平均配位數 38
3-2-5 摩擦啟動因子沿邊壁分佈 40
3-2-6 摩擦啟動因子的機率分佈 41
3-2-7 顆粒間摩擦啟動因子分佈 41
3-2-8 接觸力強度 42
3-3 置入物對顆粒流的應力分析 43
3-3-1 徑向應力 43
3-3-2 環向應力 44
3-3-3 垂直應力 46
3-3-4 剪應力 48
3-3-5 Von Mises 應力 49
3-3-6 應力比 51
第四章結論 53
參考文獻 55
附表 59
附圖 63

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指導教授

鍾雲吉(Yun-Chi Chung)

審核日期

2020-7-30

推文