運用電子病歷與資料探勘技術建構腦中風病人心房顫動預測模型

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詹昕瑜(Hsin-Yu Chan) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

資訊管理學系

論文名稱

運用電子病歷與資料探勘技術建構腦中風病人心房顫動預測模型

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2026-8-1以後開放)

摘要(中)

突發性的腦血管疾病，也稱作中風，是造成全世界人類死亡的第二大原因，也是導致失能的第三大原因。心房顫動為缺血性中風的潛在因素，並且與缺血性中風有著極大的關聯，但心房顫動不易檢測，時常有陣發性發作卻被誤判成無症狀，以致無法被妥善治療的情形發生。當一個缺血性中風病人若偵測到有心房顫動，其中風次級預防之策略通常就會隨之改變，因為在這樣的狀況下，口服抗凝血劑的效果基本上會優於口服抗血小板藥物的治療，口服抗凝血劑可將中風病人復發的風險降低三分之二。本研究主要目的為使用非結構化的文字資料，藉由機器學習的演算法，於已發生缺血性中風之病人，建立中風後心房顫動的早期預測模型，並實際以電子病歷中的資料進行驗證。次要目的則為比較結構化資料與非結構化資料所建立之預測模型的預測效能有無不同，希望本研究所建立之模型可以輔助醫生的醫療決策，更能妥善運用醫療資源。
在預測心房顫動之實驗中，實驗1可發現邏輯迴歸技術在不同特徵之資料中皆有最好的指標效果，其中又以合併特徵搭配邏輯迴歸分類器最佳(AUC=0.8324)；在實驗2中以兩家醫院之資料互相建立模型並交互驗證，從結果得知使用不同醫院之非結構化資料建立心房顫動預測模型，評估指標的效果並不如預期。因此本研究證明結構特徵加上文字特徵，比起只單純使用結構特徵，可助於提升模型之性能。

摘要(英)

Cerebrovascular disease, which is also known as stroke, is the second largest reason of deaths of human worldwide and the third largest reason of disability. Atrial fibrillation is the potential factor to cause ischemic stroke, and it is strongly related to ischemic stroke as well. However, it′s difficult to detect atrial fibrillation, causing the situation that the patient can′t receive the treatment properly. When an acute ischemic stroke patient is detected atrial fibrillation, the strategy of secondary prevention will be modified accordingly. The main purpose of this study is to use electronic medical records and the machine learning algorithm to build the early prediction model based on the patients who have had ischemic stroke. The second purpose is to compare the performance of the prediction model based on the structured data with that based on the unstructured data. We hope that the model proposed by the study can assist the doctors′ medical decision making, and to utilize medical resources properly.
In the experiment of predicting atrial fibrillation, we found that in the experiment 1, logistic regression classifier has the best performance on data with different features, especially on structural features combined with text features. In the experiment 2, we build and cross validate the model based on the data of two hospitals. The results indicated that using unstructured data of different hospitals to build prediction model of atrial fibrillation, the effect of performance is not as expected. Therefore, this study proved that compared to only using the structured features, the combination of structured and text features can enhance the performance of the model.

關鍵字(中)

★ 心房顫動
★ 腦中風
★ 電子病歷
★ 文字探勘
★ 機器學習

關鍵字(英)

★ Atrial fibrillation
★ Stroke
★ Electronic medical record
★ Text mining
★ Machine learning

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 vii
第一章、緒論 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2研究動機 3
1.3研究目的 4
第二章、文獻探討 5
2.1電子病歷於臨床決策支援系統之相關研究 5
2.2 AF預測之應用 8
第三章、研究方法 10
3.1資料來源 12
3.2依變數定義 13
3.3自變數定義 14
3.4資料前處理 16
3.5特徵工程 16
3.5.1 Term Frequency-Inverse document frequency (TFIDF) 17
3.5.2 Doc2Vec (D2V) 18
3.5.3醫學概念之對應(MetaMap) 19
3.5.4 Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (Bert) 20
3.6分類技術 21
3.6.1支援向量機(Support Vector Machine, SVM) 21
3.6.2簡單貝氏(Naive Bayes, NB) 22
3.6.3隨機森林(Random Forest, RF) 22
3.6.4邏輯迴歸(Logistic Regression, LR) 23
3.6.5極限梯度提升(Extreme Gradient Boosting, XGB) 23
3.7預測模型評估指標 24
第四章、實驗評估 25
4.1實驗設計與分析技術 25
4.2實驗結果 28
4.2.1實驗1 28
4.2.2實驗2 34
4.3討論 37
第五章、研究結論與建議 42
5.1研究結論 42
5.2研究限制 43
5.3未來研究方向與建議 43
第六章、參考文獻 44
附錄一 50
附錄二 53

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指導教授

胡雅涵(Ya-Han Hu)

審核日期

2021-8-4

推文