熱處理對Inconel718選擇性雷射熔融工件微觀結構及機械性質之影響

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游佳憲(Chia-Hsien Yu) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

熱處理對Inconel718選擇性雷射熔融工件微觀結構及機械性質之影響

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摘要(中)

本研究選用 Inconel 718 鎳基合金為實驗材料，以選擇性雷射熔融(SLM)進行積層製造，製程參數是以田口方法進行最佳化而得。Inconel 718 鎳基合金屬於析出強化型合金，為了強化材料機械性質，以及消除選擇性雷射熔融製程所造成的機械性質異向性，常進行固溶及時效後熱處理。本研究探討不同的固溶及時效熱處理條件對於 Inconel 718選擇性雷射熔融工件的微觀結構及機械性質之影響。
研究結果顯示，Inconel 718 SLM 積層製造試片經固溶 980℃ × 1 hr 與雙時效 720℃ × 8 hr + 620℃ × 8 hr 後可得到最佳之抗拉強度 1545 MPa。而當固溶溫度高於 1040℃時，因積層製造所導致的異向性已被消除，在平行堆疊方向與垂直方向之硬度僅相差 0.2%。積層製造後若採用較高的固溶溫度(固溶 1100℃ × 1 hr 及時效 720℃ × 8 hr + 620℃ × 8 hr)，會造成晶粒粗大化，及主要析出強化相 γ"之比例下降，導致材料強度下降，但韌性提高，獲得最佳衝擊能為 71.5 J。若採用較高的時效處理溫度(固溶 1040℃ × 1 hr 及時效 770℃ × 8 hr + 620℃ × 8 hr)，會造成過時效，使得材料強度下降，衝擊能上升。

摘要(英)

In this study, Inconel 718 nickel-based alloy was selected as the experimental material and manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM). The process parameters used in this study were optimized by Taguchi method in previous study. Inconel 718 nickel-based alloy is a
precipitation hardening alloy. In order to strengthen the material and eliminate anisotropic properties caused by the selective laser melting process, solution and aging heat treatments are often adopted. This study investigated the influence of solution and aging heat treatments on
the microstructures and mechanical properties of the Inconel 718 SLM specimens.
The results show that the optimal tensile strength of Inconel 718 SLM specimens is 1545 MPa after solution at 980℃ × 1 hr and double aging at 720℃ × 8 hr + 620℃ × 8 hr. When the solution temperature is higher than 1040℃, it is found that the anisotropy of mechanical properties caused by additive manufacturing is eliminated. If higher solution annealing (solution 1100℃ × 1 hr and aging 720℃ × 8 hr + 620℃ × 8 hr) is adopted after additive manufacturing, the grain of the material will be coarsened, and the amount of the precipitated strengthening phase γ" will decrease, which will lead to a decrease in tensile strength. However, due to the coarse grain, the toughness was improved and the optimal impact energy was 71.5 J. If higher aging temperature (solution 1040℃ × 1 hr and aging 770℃ × 8 hr + 620℃ × 8 hr) is applied, the material is over-aged, which leads to a decrease in trength and an increase in impact energy.

關鍵字(中)

★ 鎳基合金
★ 選擇性雷射熔融
★ 積層製造
★ 熱處理

關鍵字(英)

★ Nickle-base Alloy
★ Inconel 718
★ Selective Laser Melting
★ Additive Manufacture
★ Heat Treatment

論文目次

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
第一章、前言 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2 Inconel 718鎳基超合金特性 4
1.2.1製程參數對於Inconel 718超合金機械性質之影響 4
1.3 Inconel 718積層製造後熱處理 5
1.4研究動機與目的 6
第二章、文獻回顧 8
2.1鎳基合金介紹 8
2.2選擇性雷射熔融之參數 9
2.3熱處理 12
2.3.1鎳基合金固溶及時效熱處理 12
2.4選擇性雷射熔融鎳基合金之熱處理 13
2.4.1選擇性雷射熔融鎳基合金之固溶熱處理 14
2.4.2積層製造鎳基合金之熱均壓熱處理 16
2.4.2積層製造鎳基合金之均質化熱處理 17
第三章、研究方法 18
3.1研究流程 18
3.2鎳基合金材料 19
3.3選擇性雷射熔融試片製作 21
3.4熱處理條件 24
3.5 機械性質測試 29
3.5.1拉伸強度測試 29
3.5.2衝擊測試 30
3.5.3硬度測試 32
3.6金相觀察 33
3.7 EBSD分析 35
3.8破斷面觀察分析 37
3.9孔隙率量測 (阿基米德法) 38
第四章、結果與討論 39
4.1孔隙率 39
4.2顯微組織觀察 40
4.3 EBSD元素分析 48
4.4機械性質分析 52
4.4.1拉伸性質 52
4.4.2衝擊能 56
4.4.3硬度分析 58
4.5破斷面分析 60
4.5.1拉伸試片破斷面巨觀觀察 60
4.5.2拉伸試片破斷面微觀觀察 62
4.5.3衝擊試片破斷面巨觀觀察 66
4.5.4衝擊試片破斷面微觀觀察 68
第五章、結論 72
第六章、未來研究方向 74
參考文獻 75

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指導教授

黃俊仁(Jiun-Ren Hwang)

審核日期

2021-7-29

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