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姓名	陳宣宇(Hsuan-Yu Chen)  查詢紙本館藏	畢業系所	環境工程研究所
論文名稱	含鋁塑膠包裝廢棄物熱處理回收鋁及能源之可行性研究 (Feasibility of recovery of aluminum and energy from plastic packaging containing aluminum by thermal technology)
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摘要(中)	本研究分別利用固定床熱裂解、旋轉窯熱裂解及旋轉窯氣化反應系統，評估含鋁塑膠包裝廢棄物能源轉換效率及鋁回收之可行性。試驗條件主要包括熱裂解溫度450、500、550及600℃，以及旋轉窯傾斜斜率0.052與0.067；此外，氣化反應溫度控制為600℃及當量比(Equivalence ratio, ER)為0.1、0.2、0.3之條件。為進一步釐清含鋁塑膠包裝廢棄物之資能源再利用特性，研究將探討產物產率、產物特性、鋁回收效率與產能效率等項目。 研究結果顯示，固定床熱裂解產油率最高，約為43.09 wt.%，而旋轉窯熱裂解產油率，隨著熱裂解溫度增加而減少，約介於2.17至26.18 wt.%。至於旋轉窯氣化反應之裂解油產率，則隨著當量比(ER)增加而增加，產率約介於0.41至0.62 wt.%。根據裂解油之化合物組成分析結果顯示，固定床熱裂解反應產生之裂解油組成，以脂肪族化合物為主；而旋轉窯熱裂解產生之裂解油，則以含氧化合物為主。至於旋轉窯氣化反應所衍生之裂解油，主要化合物亦為含氧化合物，且隨ER值增加，而轉變為芳香族化合物為主。 經由熱裂解反應後回收鋁之分析結果顯示，以溫度450℃及500℃之鋁回收率最佳，其中旋轉窯熱裂解反應系統之鋁回收率最高，可達到93.29 wt.%。若改以旋轉窯氣化反應系統，不論ER值為0.1至0.3，鋁回收率均較熱裂解系統為低，約介於49.24 wt.%至54.53 wt.%。至於回收鋁的純度分析結果顯示，以旋轉窯熱裂解反應系統而言，回收鋁之純度最高可達86.03~92.79%，至於旋轉窯氣化反應系統，則由於供氧氣之影響，致使回收鋁之純度降低至16.68~33.21%。根據XRD及SEM/EDS分析結果可知，回收鋁除為金屬鋁成分外，亦發現金屬鋁之氧化物等物種存在，致使回收鋁之純度降低。整體而言，本研究不僅建立含鋁塑膠包裝廢棄物之基本特性分析，同時應用固定床與旋轉窯反應系統，進行熱裂解及氣化反應，研究成果已成功驗證旋轉窯熱裂解反應系統，有助於提升鋁回收及能源應用之效率，後續若能進一步驗證規模放大之可行性，將有助於含鋁塑膠包裝廢棄物之回收與再利用處理技術選擇之參考。
摘要(英)	This research investigates the energy conversion efficiency and aluminum recovery of aluminum-containing plastic packaging waste by the fixed-bed pyrolysis, rotary kiln pyrolysis, and rotary kiln gasification systems. The experimental conditions mainly included pyrolysis temperatures of 450, 500, 550, and 600℃ and rotary kiln slopes of 0.052 and 0.067. In addition, the gasification temperature is controlled at 600°C, and the equivalence ratio (ER) is 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3, respectively. The conversion products yield, products characteristics, aluminum recovery efficiency, and energy yield are evaluated for understanding the feasibility of aluminum-containing plastic packaging waste recycling and energy recovery. The experimental results indicated that the higher pyrolytic oil yield was approximately 43.09 wt% by the fixed bed pyrolysis. In the case of the rotary kiln pyrolysis, pyrolytic oil yield was decreased with an increase in the temperature as well the oil yield ranged between 2.17 wt% and 26.18 wt.%. However, the pyrolytic oil is also significantly reduced with the equivalence ratio (ER) increasing as well the range between 0.41 wt% to 0.62 wt% by rotary kiln gasification. According to the results of pyrolysis oil speciation, the oil speciation produced by the fixed-bed pyrolysis is mainly aliphatic compounds as well the oil-containing oxygen compounds produced by the rotary kiln pyrolysis and gasification. However, the oil containing oxygen compounds will significantly convert to the aromatic compounds as the ER value increases during the rotary kiln gasification. The aluminum recovery results indicated that the highest aluminum recovery rate is approximately 93.29 wt % by rotary kiln pyrolysis operated at the temperature of 450℃ and 500℃. However, the aluminum recovery rate will decrease to 49.24-54.53 wt.% resulted in the rotary kiln gasification application. The recovered aluminum purity ranged between 86.03% and 92.79% using the rotary kiln pyrolysis system. In the rotary kiln gasification system, the recovered aluminum purity decreased significantly to 16.68-33.21%, resulting in the aluminum oxide derived by oxygen supply. Based on the XRD and SEM/EDS analysis results, it can confirm that the aluminum speciation as well aluminum oxide also presented in the recovered aluminum. In summary, this research establishes the characteristics of aluminum-containing plastic packaging waste and studies the feasibility of aluminum and energy recovery by the pyrolysis and gasification using the fixed bed and rotary kiln system. The research has successfully verified the enhancement of aluminum recovery and energy production by pyrolysis using the rotary kiln system. Further research can successfully confirm the scale-up tests in the future. It will be helpful for the selection of recycling and reuse treatment technology for aluminum-containing plastic packaging waste.
關鍵字(中)	★ 含鋁塑膠包裝廢棄物 ★ 熱裂解反應 ★ 氣化反應 ★ 固定床 ★ 旋轉窯 ★ 鋁回收率	關鍵字(英)	★ aluminum-containing plastic packaging waste ★ pyrolysis ★ gasification ★ fixed bed ★ rotary kiln ★ recovered aluminum
論文目次	摘要 i Abstract iii 致謝 v 目錄 vi 表目錄 ix 圖目錄 xi 第一章 前言 1 第二章 文獻回顧 5 2-1 塑膠廢棄物現況分析 5 2-2 含鋁塑膠包裝廢棄物資源化處理技術 9 2-2-1 氣化技術 10 2-2-2 熱裂解技術 12 2-2-3 熱裂解產物影響因素 15 第三章 研究材料與方法 23 3-1 試驗材料 23 3-2 實驗方法 24 3-2-1 實驗設備 24 3-2-2 操作條件與實驗步驟 25 3-2-3 分析項目與方法 32 3-2-4 產物特性分析 35 3-2-5 質量平衡 39 第四章 結果與討論 41 4-1 材料之基本特性分析 41 4-2 熱動力反應特性 43 4-2-1熱重損失及最大失重率變化結果 43 4-2-2反應特性及活化能分析 44 4-2-3反應過程氣相物種之官能基分析 48 4-3 產物產量分析結果 49 4-3-1固定床熱裂解反應之重複試驗結果 49 4-3-2產物之質量平衡 50 4-3-3產物分佈特性之分析結果 60 4-4 熱處理衍生產物特性分析 67 4-4-1固體產物之特性分析 67 4-4-2液體產物之特性分析 70 4-4-3氣體產物之特性分析 91 4-5 裂解油之GC-MS分析結果 99 4-6 回收鋁之特性分析 118 4-6-1固體殘餘物之表面微觀結構及物種比較分析 118 4-6-2固體殘餘物之鋁回收特性 128 4-7 產能效率評估 131 第五章 結論與建議 143 5-1結論 143 5-1-1含鋁塑膠包裝廢棄物基本特性分析結果 143 5-1-2產物分佈之影響 144 5-1-3裂解油之化合物影響 145 5-1-4含鋁塑膠包裝廢棄物回收鋁之回收成效 145 參考文獻 147 附錄 157
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指導教授	江康鈺(Kung-Yuh Chiang)	審核日期	2021-10-5
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